scholarly journals Sustaining high acetylcholine levels in the frontal cortex, but not retrosplenial cortex, recovers spatial memory performance in a rodent model of diencephalic amnesia.

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Rodent Model ◽  
Diencephalic Amnesia

Frontal cortex and hippocampus neurotransmitter receptor complex level parallels spatial memory performance in the radial arm maze

2015 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharanidharan Shanmugasundaram ◽  
Ajinkya Sase ◽  
András G. Miklosi ◽  
Fernando J. Sialana ◽  
Saraswathi Subramaniyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Radial Arm Maze ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptor

scholarly journals Space Radiation-Induced Alterations in the Hippocampal Ubiquitin-Proteome System

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7713
Author(s):  
Alyssa Tidmore ◽  
Sucharita M. Dutta ◽  
Arriyam S. Fesshaye ◽  
William K. Russell ◽  
Vania D. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Exposure of rodents to <20 cGy Space Radiation (SR) impairs performance in several hippocampus-dependent cognitive tasks, including spatial memory. However, there is considerable inter-individual susceptibility to develop SR-induced spatial memory impairment. In this study, a robust label-free mass spectrometry (MS)-based unbiased proteomic profiling approach was used to characterize the composition of the hippocampal proteome in adult male Wistar rats exposed to 15 cGy of 1 GeV/n 48Ti and their sham counterparts. Unique protein signatures were identified in the hippocampal proteome of: (1) sham rats, (2) Ti-exposed rats, (3) Ti-exposed rats that had sham-like spatial memory performance, and (4) Ti-exposed rats that impaired spatial memory performance. Approximately 14% (159) of the proteins detected in hippocampal proteome of sham rats were not detected in the Ti-exposed rats. We explored the possibility that the loss of the Sham-only proteins may arise as a result of SR-induced changes in protein homeostasis. SR-exposure was associated with a switch towards increased pro-ubiquitination proteins from that seen in Sham. These data suggest that the role of the ubiquitin-proteome system as a determinant of SR-induced neurocognitive deficits needs to be more thoroughly investigated.

scholarly journals Anterior thalamic lesions stop synaptic plasticity in retrosplenial cortex slices: expanding the pathology of diencephalic amnesia

Brain ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (7) ◽  
pp. 1847-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. F. Garden ◽  
P. V. Massey ◽  
D. A. Caruana ◽  
B. Johnson ◽  
E. C. Warburton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Diencephalic Amnesia ◽  
Thalamic Lesions ◽  
Cortex Slices

scholarly journals Chronic social stress-induced hyperglycemia in mice couples individual stress susceptibility to impaired spatial memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (43) ◽  
pp. E10187-E10196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. van der Kooij ◽  
Tanja Jene ◽  
Giulia Treccani ◽  
Isabelle Miederer ◽  
Annika Hasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
The Brain

Stringent glucose demands render the brain susceptible to disturbances in the supply of this main source of energy, and chronic stress may constitute such a disruption. However, whether stress-associated cognitive impairments may arise from disturbed glucose regulation remains unclear. Here we show that chronic social defeat (CSD) stress in adult male mice induces hyperglycemia and directly affects spatial memory performance. Stressed mice developed hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism peripherally as well as in the brain (demonstrated by PET and induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging), which was accompanied by hippocampus-related spatial memory impairments. Importantly, the cognitive and metabolic phenotype pertained to a subset of stressed mice and could be linked to early hyperglycemia 2 days post-CSD. Based on this criterion, ∼40% of the stressed mice had a high-glucose (glucose >150 mg/dL), stress-susceptible phenotype. The relevance of this biomarker emerges from the effects of the glucose-lowering sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin, because upon dietary treatment, mice identified as having high glucose demonstrated restored spatial memory and normalized glucose metabolism. Conversely, reducing glucose levels by empagliflozin in mice that did not display stress-induced hyperglycemia (resilient mice) impaired their default-intact spatial memory performance. We conclude that hyperglycemia developing early after chronic stress threatens long-term glucose homeostasis and causes spatial memory dysfunction. Our findings may explain the comorbidity between stress-related and metabolic disorders, such as depression and diabetes, and suggest that cognitive impairments in both types of disorders could originate from excessive cerebral glucose accumulation.

scholarly journals Neural differentiation is moderated by age in scene- but not face-selective cortical regions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Srokova ◽  
Paul F. Hill ◽  
Joshua D. Koen ◽  
Danielle R. King ◽  
Michael D. Rugg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Stimulus Category ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pattern Similarity ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Neural Selectivity ◽  
Parahippocampal Place Area

AbstractThe aging brain is characterized by neural dedifferentiation – an apparent decrease in the functional selectivity of category-selective cortical regions. Age-related reductions in neural differentiation have been proposed to play a causal role in cognitive aging. Recent findings suggest, however, that age-related dedifferentiation is not equally evident for all stimulus categories and, additionally, that the relationship between neural differentiation and cognitive performance is not moderated by age. In light of these findings, in the present experiment younger and older human adults (males and females) underwent fMRI as they studied words paired with images of scenes or faces prior to a subsequent memory task. Neural selectivity was measured in two scene-selective (parahippocampal place area and retrosplenial cortex) and two face-selective (fusiform and occipital face areas) regions of interest using both a univariate differentiation index and multivoxel pattern similarity analysis. Both methods provided highly convergent results which revealed evidence of age-related reductions in neural dedifferentiation in scene-selective but not face-selective cortical regions. Additionally, neural differentiation in the parahippocampal place area demonstrated a positive, age-invariant relationship with subsequent source memory performance (recall of the image category paired with each recognized test word). These findings extend prior findings suggesting that age-related neural dedifferentiation is not a ubiquitous phenomenon, and that the specificity of neural responses to scenes is predictive subsequent memory performance independently of age.Significance StatementIncreasing age is associated with reduced neural specificity in cortical regions that are selectively responsive to a given perceptual stimulus category (age-related neural dedifferentiation), a phenomenon which has been proposed to contribute to cognitive aging. Recent findings reveal that age-related neural dedifferentiation is not present for all types of visual stimulus categories, and the factors which determine when the phenomenon arises remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that scene- but not face-selective cortical regions exhibit age-related neural dedifferentiation during an attentionally-demanding task. Additionally, we report that higher neural selectivity in the scene-selective ‘parahippocampal place area’ is associated with better memory performance after controlling for variance associated with age group, adding to evidence that neural differentiation impacts cognition across the adult lifespan.

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