Testosterone, financial risk-taking, and pathological gambling.

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Stenstrom ◽  
Gad Saad
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Financial Risk

Effects of Social Exclusion on Financial Risk Taking

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Duclos ◽  
Echo Wen Wan ◽  
Yuwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Financial Risk

scholarly journals P.005 Lisdexamfetamine precipitated pathological gambling

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (s2) ◽  
pp. S17-S17 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Chaudhary ◽  
A Hirsch ◽  
W MacPherson ◽  
J Nayati
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Aged Woman ◽  
Middle Aged Woman ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mental Status Examination

Background: Lisdexamfetamine has not heretofore been reported to cause pathological gambling. Such a case is presented. Methods: A middle-aged woman, without past interest in gambling, gaming, or risk taking behavior, with childhood history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder presented with difficulty focusing and concentrating. Lisdexamfetamine was started at 20 mg daily and gradually escalated due to lack of efficacy. At 70 mg daily, she began binging on sweets and gambling all day, every day at nearby riverboats, which she had never frequented previously. Upon reduction to 60 mg daily, the gambling resolved. Ritalin 20 mg every morning and 50 mg every afternoon was used without gambling reoccurrence. Results: Mental Status Examination: Alert, cooperative and oriented x 3 with good eye contact. Euthymic, without mania, thoughts logical and goal directed. Conclusions: Enhanced dopamine in the nucleus accumbens may induce hedonic activities including gambling, binging on sweets, or sexual activity (Moore et al. 2014). Lisdexamfetamine has been described to induce mania, and pathological gambling may have been an isolated manifestation of early mania. In those who have recently begun lisdexamfetamine, query should be made regarding change in gambling behavior and in those who are pathologically gambling, investigation should be entertained as to whether they are taking lisdexamfetamine.

Prosocial Behaviors in Emergencies: Mating Motive Changes Men and Women’s Heroic Helping Tendencies Differently

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai Xing ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Xi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Costly Signaling ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
And Control

It has been well documented that men are much more likely to provide heroic assistance in emergencies (Johnson, 1996). However, such heroic rescue disobeys the theory of evolution (Darwin, 1871). Studies investigated charitable donations suggested that public prosocial behaviors might be considered as costly signaling behaviors, serving the function of displaying one’s wealth and generosity, with the ultimate goal of attracting potential mates (Griskevicius et al., 2007). Although heroic rescue meets the four criteria of costly signaling behaviors, there was no direct evidence supporting the notion that heroic rescue, like public charity, also serves the function of attracting potential mates. The present study directly tests this possibility by examining the effect of mating motivation on men and women’s heroic rescue tendencies in emergent situations. The present study used a 2 (gender: male vs. female) × 2 (mating motivation induction vs. control condition) study design, and participants (N = 196, 90 males and 106 females; Mage = 22.36, SD = 2.89) were randomly assigned to the mating condition and control condition. In line with the previous studies (Durante & Li, 2009; Griskevicius et al., 2007; Hill & Durante, 2011; Roney, 2003; Wilson & Daly, 2004), mating motivation was induced by photographs of highly attractive opposite sex. Then, heroic rescue tendencies were measured by the questionnaire of Griskevicius et al. (2007), which consisted of five emergent situations. Participants’ risk-taking tendencies on financial decisions were also measured by a 10-item questionnaire developed by Liu (2010). The total scores of each of these two questionnaires served as the dependent variables. The results of the experiments showed a significant interaction between gender and mating priming on heroic behaviors: after mating motivation induction, male participants showed higher intentions of heroic rescue, whereas female participants showed lower intentions of heroic rescue. The present study also replicated previous findings (McAlvanah, 2009; Li & Zhang, 2010) regarding the effect of mating motivation priming on financial risk taking: mating motivation induction increased risk-taking tendency in financial decisions, males tend to be more risk seeking in making financial decisions, and there was no significant interaction between gender and mating priming on financial risk-taking decisions. Results from the financial decisions further confirmed the representativeness of the sample recruited in the current study and further validated the results on heroic behaviors. Based on the Costly Signaling Theory (Smith & Bird, 2001), these results concurred with the hypotheses that heroic behaviors served the function of displaying men’s advantages, such as vigor and responsibility, to potential mates and winning the intersexual selection (Farthing, 2005; Kelly & Dunbar, 2001). However, for women, the high-risk of heroic behaviors have potential harm to their offspring and are unattractive to men (Taylor et al., 2000). Thus, after eliciting the mating motivation, women would avoid the risk and reduced their intentions to offer heroic rescue in emergencies.

Varieties of Pathological Gambling

1970 ◽  
Vol 116 (535) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Fruit Machine ◽  
Machine Gambling

Gambling may be defined as an activity which has the following four characteristics: 1.There is an agreement between two or more persons; the participation of others is therefore essential, although sometimes, as in pools and fruit machine gambling, this is more remote.2.Certain property is transferred between the persons involved so that some gain at the expense of others; this is usually referred to as the stake.3.The result is dependent on the outcome of a risky or uncertain situation; it therefore involves risk taking.4.Participation can be avoided and is typically pursued in an active fashion; the motivation for this is not uniform often being unrelated to the property staked and arising out of various psychological needs.

DO PSYCHOLOGICAL SHOCKS AFFECT FINANCIAL RISK TAKING BEHAVIOR? A STUDY OF U.S. VETERANS

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICKI L. BOGAN ◽  
DAVID R. JUST ◽  
BRIAN WANSINK
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior
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