scholarly journals Extending the simultaneous-sequential paradigm to measure perceptual capacity for features and words.

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Scharff ◽  
John Palmer ◽  
Cathleen M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Capacity

Reaching in Very Young Infants

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane DiFranco ◽  
Darwin W Muir ◽  
Peter C Dodwell
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
First Report ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Dominant Pattern ◽  
Perceptual Capacity

It has been claimed that reaching to visually presented targets is a valid indicator of perceptual capacity in very young infants. In a previous report we failed to replicate the findings on which that claim is based. Here we reanalyze some of the tapes of the first report, using a less restricted criterion for what constitutes a reach, and a much more detailed analysis of the various components of reaching behaviour. A number of components are readily distinguished and reliably observed. Infants of seven to twenty-one days show great individual variation in their reaching, from no such behaviour to a great deal. Certain clusters of the components of reaching can be used to define different reaching ‘styles’. The infants who reached most frequently in our sample all showed a dominant pattern of reaching, which in certain respects appears to be more mature than that of other babies. The finer analysis revealed no differences in the reaching behaviour to objects and pictures of objects, even among the most active reachers.

scholarly journals Perceptual-Load-Induced Selection as a Result of Local Competitive Interactions in Visual Cortex

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1045-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Torralbo ◽  
Diane M. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Perceptual Load ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Spatial Interactions ◽  
Distractor Processing ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Perceptual Capacity

A growing literature suggests that the degree to which distracting information can be ignored depends on the perceptual load of the task, or the extent to which the task exhausts perceptual capacity. However, there is currently no a priori definition of what constitutes high or low perceptual load. We propose that interactions among cells in visual cortex that represent nearby stimuli determine the perceptual load of a task, and that manipulations designed to modulate these competitive spatial interactions should modulate distractor processing. We found that either spatially separating the task-relevant items in a display or placing the target and nontargets in different visual fields increased interference from a distractor that was to be ignored. These data are consistent with the idea that the ability to ignore such distracting information results in part from the need to actively resolve competitive interactions in visual cortex, and is not the consequence of an exhausted capacity per se.

Conclusion

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Audi
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Natural World ◽  
The Self ◽  
Moral Perception ◽  
Moral Property ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Natural Properties ◽  
Necessary Truth ◽  
Moral Properties ◽  
Perceptual Capacity

This concluding chapter explains how the theory of moral perception takes full account of the causal element in perception but does not require naturalizing moral properties. However, the theory does require that moral properties have a base in the natural world. They are anchored in the natural world in a way that makes possible moral knowledge and the ethical objectivity that goes with it. The bridge from their naturalistic base to moral judgment often has the intelligibility of the self-evident, and under some conditions it has the reliability of necessary truth. Seeing that an act or a person has a moral property may itself be a manifestation of an intuitive perceptual capacity that has considerable discriminative subtlety regarding descriptive natural properties.

Recognising actions

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
Patrick R. Green ◽  
Frank E. Pollick
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Biological Motion ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Strong Emphasis ◽  
Close Interaction ◽  
Psychological Evidence ◽  
Perceptual Capacity

The ability to recognise the actions of conspecifics from displays of biological motion is an essential perceptual capacity. Physiological and psychological evidence suggest that the visual processing of biological motion involves close interaction between the dorsal and ventral systems. Norman's strong emphasis on the functional differences between these systems may impede understanding of their interactions.

Perceptual capacity of the isolated visual cortex in the cat

1960 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Sperry ◽  
R. E. Myers ◽  
A. M. Schrier
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Perceptual Capacity

scholarly journals Influence of Alcohol and Cognitive Capacity on Visual Number Judgements

Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Alistair J. Harvey ◽  
Molly Seedhouse
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Alcohol Condition ◽  
Perceptual Impairment ◽  
Perceptual Capacity ◽  
Visual Number

We used an enumeration task to address the question of whether acute alcohol intoxication reduces cognitive or perceptual capacity. To control for individual differences in cognitive resources, we took a sober record of each participant’s working memory capacity (WMC). Alcohol was expected to impair enumeration performance, either for the automatic parallel counting of small stimulus sets indicating a perceptual impairment, or the controlled counting or estimating of larger sets indicating a cognitive impairment. Enumeration showed an overall decline in accuracy following a vodka beverage and the deficit was negligible for small sets, which is inconsistent with a loss of perceptual capacity. Having a higher WMC facilitated the enumeration of larger sets and the correlation between WMC and accuracy was stronger in the alcohol condition suggesting that low-WMC participants were more impaired by the beverage. Our findings therefore suggest that alcohol diminished cognitive rather than perceptual capacity.

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