scholarly journals Graphing the order of the sexes: Constructing, recalling, interpreting, and putting the self in gender difference graphs.

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hegarty ◽  
Anthony F. Lemieux ◽  
Grant McQueen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
The Self ◽  
Difference Graphs

The Art of Retreat

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-456
Author(s):  
Laurel V. Hankins
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
The Self ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Social Critique ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Collaborative Relationship ◽  
American Romanticism ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Market Pressures

Laurel V. Hankins, “The Art of Retreat: Salmagundi’s Elbow-Chair Domesticity” (pp. 431–456) James Kirke Paulding and William and Washington Irving’s literary periodical Salmagundi; or, the Whim-Whams and Opinions of Launcelot Langstaff, Esq. and Others (1807) has been incorporated into accounts of Washington Irving’s protoromanticism that define American romanticism through an oppositional relationship between the aesthetic retreat of the artist and the consensus-driven consumerism of a feminized reading public. This essay argues that through the self-conscious assumption of bachelor pseudonyms, the Salmagundi editors’ aggressively masculine domestic retreat can be read as a reaction to the insufficiently reductive categories of a literary culture increasingly organized by gender difference. Even as the Salmagundi bachelor-editors mock the performative virtue of feminine domesticity, their own humorous social critique works to reestablish the possibility of making reform feel in tune with natural impulses. The bachelors locate the source of their imaginative whimsy within the domestic sphere’s supposed transcendence of social artifice and market pressures, but they also claim authorship by distinguishing their imaginative output from the termagant’s domestic labor. Because the editors’ reformative project depends on readers recognizing the alienated bachelor as a humorous literary type, the hostile relationship to its readers that has earned Salmagundi a place in narratives of Irving’s protoromanticism actually signals a collaborative relationship with readers who are repeatedly forced to acknowledge the editors’ authorial design.

scholarly journals A Study of Social Provision and Self Esteem among Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Saichampuii Sailo ◽  
F. Laltlanpari ◽  
Samuel Vanlalruata
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Psychological Test ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Social Provision ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Provision Scale

The present study is on social provision and self-esteem among adolescents with 100 adolescents (50 males and 50 females) from Aizawl town serving as participants. The study was carried out using two psychological test - The Self Esteem Scale and The Social Provision scale. The age of the subjects ranges from 13 to 17 years, from low to high socio-economic status. The result shows the tests to be reliable and significant gender difference was found in self-esteem but not on social provision. Lastly and unexpectedly, the result shows negative relationship between social provision and self-esteem.

The Relationship of Gender and Voice to Depression and Eating Disorders

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Smolak ◽  
Britannie Fairman Munstertieger
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Personal Attributes Questionnaire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research often fails to document a gender difference in measures of voice. This is inconsistent with Gilligan's conceptualization of voice as a gendered construct. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate currently available measures of voice, particularly in terms of whether they appear to be assessing the same characteristics in men as in women. Eighty-seven men and 146 women, all college students, completed both the Silencing the Self Scale (STSS; Jack & Dill, 1992) and the Saying What I Think Around Others scale (SWIT; Harter and Waters, 1991). In addition, measures of depression and eating problems as well as the Personal Attributes Questionnaire were completed. Results indicated inconsistent gender differences on voice measures with some showing no differences, others showing men as having lower voice, and others showing lower voice in women. Correlations between the two voice measures for men and for women were small to moderate. As suggested by Harter, Waters, Whitesell, and Kastelic (1998), femininity was often negatively related to voice, though masculinity was more consistently, and positively, related. The link between lack of voice and psychopathology that has been suggested by various researchers was documented more clearly for women than for men. The results, then, show different patterns of relationships involving voice measures for men than for women. This raises the possibility that the measures are tapping different constructs in men and women, rendering mean comparisons questionable.

scholarly journals Promoting Girls in Science - A Longitudinal Study of Self-Concept in Profile Classes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 972-987
Author(s):  
Alena Schulte ◽  
Claas Wegner
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Lower Secondary School ◽  
Girls In Science ◽  
Regular Classes

Previous studies show that girls have a lower scientific self-concept than boys. Since interest starts declining over the course of lower secondary school, this exacerbates the issue that fewer girls aspire to choose a scientific profession. In this article, we present the concept of scientific profile classes. Profile classes pursue the goal of promoting girls by way of supporting their scientific self-concept. A longitudinal study was conducted to examine the self-concept of students in profile classes (Sample I N=53; Sample II N=54). The development of girls in profile classes was compared to both boys in profile classes and girls in the regular classes. Our results show that there is no gender difference in self-concept between girls and boys in the profile class. This study provides initial indications of how girls in profile classes develop in terms of their self-concept.

Shame and interpersonal sensitivity: Gender differences and the association between internalized shame coping strategies and interpersonal sensitivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus B. T. Nyström ◽  
Emilie Kjellberg ◽  
Ulrica Heimdahl ◽  
Bert Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Interpersonal Sensitivity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Internalized Shame ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

The present study investigated gender differences in interpersonal sensitivity and internalized shame coping strategies in 252 undergraduate students. To measure interpersonal sensitivity and shame coping strategies, the self-assessment forms Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure and Compass of Shame Scale were used. The analyses revealed that compared to men, women display interpersonal sensitivity to a higher degree, and they use internalized shame coping strategies to a greater extent. The results also showed that interpersonal sensitivity is highly correlated with shame coping strategies. However, in contrast to earlier research, no gender difference was found, and gender did not significantly mediate the association between interpersonal sensitivity and internalized shame coping. These results could aid clinicians and researchers in promoting, designing, delivering, and evaluating treatments for patients with, for example, depression, anxiety, and interpersonal and/or relational problems.

scholarly journals AN EXPLORATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE CHILDREN’S SELF-CONTROL ABILITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Shih-Tseng Tina Huang ◽  
Vinh-Long Tran-Chi ◽  
Tung-En Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Self Evaluation

The purpose of the present research is to explore the development of self-control ability during childhood. A group of 360 children (185 boys and 175 girls from grades 2, 4, and 6) participated in the survey. They completed the Children’s Perceived Self-Control Scale (CPSC) which included the interpersonal self-control (ISC), the personal self-control (PSC), and the self-evaluation (SE) subscales. Results showed significant differences in ISC, SE and total scores among the second, fourth and sixth graders. On the total scores, the fourth graders had higher scores than the second and the sixth graders. Moreover, the scores of ISC of the fourth graders were higher than those of the sixth grades. There was no gender difference and interaction of gender and grade found. The results suggested that the development of self-control following a quadratic pattern increased and reached a peak in the fourth grade and then decreased during sixth grade time. Keywords: academic performance, self-control, self-ratings, Vietnamese children.

scholarly journals Investigating the Gender Difference in Following Various Study Patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol III (IV) ◽  
pp. 552-562
Author(s):  
Tehsin Ehsan ◽  
Naveed Sultana ◽  
Muhammad Shah
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Female Students ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Watching Tv

The study aims at finding gender difference in the study patterns and environment of study followed by different university students in Pakistan. To undertake this study, we have collected data from 1334 university students (male= 649, female = 685) in Pakistan. They respond of the self-reported questionnaires on five study patterns such as study aloud, walking while studying, study silently, watching TV or listening to music while studying and group study and environment of study like as Calm place ( e.g. bedroom, study room), Noisy place (e.g. T.V lounge), Library / Lab study, Lawn / Cafe campus. The difference between male and female students was examined with an independent t-test. It found that gender plays a significant role in differentiating the pattern of studying aloud. No gender difference was observed for all other forms of study and environment. The study suggests conducting more research in future to clear the gender role.

scholarly journals A Survey on Self-efficacy of English Majors: Exploring Its Correlation with Time Management and Strategy Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1624
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Gan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
The Self ◽  
English Learning ◽  
English Majors

The present study seeks to investigate the self-efficacy of English majors and its relationship with time management and strategy use during their English learning. The study reported in this paper was conducted to examine self-efficacy of students passing TEM-4 (Test for English Majors -- Band 4) and their self-regulating time management. The data were collected via student questionnaires & interviews. The findings of this case study revealed that there is a gender difference in English majors’ self-efficacy. Meanwhile, a positive correlation between the self-efficacy of students passing TEM -4 & their strategy use as well as self-regulating time management was demonstrated. Implications of the findings to language teaching and learning are discussed.

Self-Perception of Intelligence in Male and Female Undergraduates in Old and New Welsh Universities

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance Workman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
The Self ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Privy Council ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Iq Test ◽  
Uk Higher Education

In 1991 John Major's UK government announced that the binary divide in UK higher education was to be phased out as polytechnics would be given permission by the Privy Council to apply for university status. But has the binary divide really ceased to exist in higher education? Given that the ‘old’ universities typically ask for higher A-level grades than the ‘new’ ones we might ask: do students at new universities perceive themselves as being less able than those at old universities? In addition to the possibility of differences between institutions we might also ask do the sexes differ in their self-perceptions of intelligence? Over the last 25 years, a number of studies have demonstrated a robust gender difference in self-estimation of intelligence, with female undergraduates consistently producing lower ratings of their own intelligence than their male counterparts (see for example Hogan, 1978; Higgins, 1987 and Furnham, 2000, 2001). Does this situation still prevail in today's universities where more women than men now enter higher education? Finally, given the rapid rise in the proportion of the population entering higher education during the 1990s we might ask whether this rise has had an effect on the self-perception of intelligence in students. The current study was designed to throw some light on all three of these questions by simply asking undergraduate samples at an old and a new Welsh university what score they think they would achieve on an IQ test. The findings suggest that female undergraduates still rate themselves less highly than males, that students attending new universities perceive themselves as being less intelligent than those studying at old universities and finally, that during the 1990s there was a general fall in self-estimates of IQ amongst university students.

Problem behavior in autism spectrum disorders: A paradigmatic self-organized perspective of network structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Tonello ◽  
Luca Giacobbi ◽  
Alberto Pettenon ◽  
Alessandro Scuotto ◽  
Massimo Cocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Self ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Critical Equilibrium ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Acute Agitation ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects can present temporary behaviors of acute agitation and aggressiveness, named problem behaviors. They have been shown to be consistent with the self-organized criticality (SOC), a model wherein occasionally occurring “catastrophic events” are necessary in order to maintain a self-organized “critical equilibrium.” The SOC can represent the psychopathology network structures and additionally suggests that they can be considered as self-organized systems.

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