An examination of the relative contribution of saturation and selective attention to memory deficits in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia and their unaffected parents.

2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Cellard ◽  
Andrée-Anne Lefèbvre ◽  
Michel Maziade ◽  
Marc-André Roy ◽  
Sébastien Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Relative Contribution

Multidimensional Anxiety and Content-specificity Effects in Preferential Processing of Threat

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel G. Calvo ◽  
P. Avero ◽  
M. Dolores Castillo ◽  
Juan J. Miguel-Tobal
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Color Naming ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Ego Threat ◽  
Phobic Anxiety ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Content Specificity ◽  
Specificity Effects

We examined the relative contribution of specific components of multidimensional anxiety to cognitive biases in the processing of threat-related information in three experiments. Attentional bias was assessed by the emotional Stroop word color-naming task, interpretative bias by an on-line inference processing task, and explicit memory bias by sensitivity (d') and response criterion (β) from word-recognition scores. Multiple regression analyses revealed, first, that phobic anxiety and evaluative anxiety predicted selective attention to physical- and ego-threat information, respectively; cognitive anxiety predicted selective attention to both types of threat. Second, phobic anxiety predicted inhibition of inferences related to physically threatening outcomes of ambiguous situations. And, third, evaluative anxiety predicted a response bias, rather than a genuine memory bias, in the reporting of presented and nonpresented ego-threat information. Other anxiety components, such as motor and physiological anxiety, or interpersonal and daily-routines anxiety made no specific contribution to any cognitive bias. Multidimensional anxiety measures are useful for detecting content-specificity effects in cognitive biases.

Are Visual Memory Deficits in Recent-Onset Psychosis Degenerative? Response to Smucny et al.

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-357
Author(s):  
Jolanta Zanelli ◽  
Josephine Mollon ◽  
Sven Sandin ◽  
Abraham Reichenberg
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Recent Onset

Abnormal externally guided movement preparation in recent-onset schizophrenia is associated with impaired selective attention to external input

2009 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henderikus G.O.M. Smid ◽  
Joanna M. Westenbroek ◽  
Richard Bruggeman ◽  
Henderikus Knegtering ◽  
Robert J. Van den Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
External Input ◽  
Movement Preparation ◽  
Recent Onset

VISUAL SCANNING IN RECENT-ONSET SCHIZOPHRENIA: RELATIONSHIP WITH THE ANTISACCADE TASK AND WORKING MEMORY DEFICITS

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (3 & 4) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
D. Nieman ◽  
L. Bour ◽  
D. Linszen ◽  
J. Koelman ◽  
B. Ongerboer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Antisaccade Task ◽  
Visual Scanning ◽  
Recent Onset

scholarly journals Executive functions in children with dyslexia

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Thais Barbosa ◽  
Camila Cruz Rodrigues ◽  
Claudia Berlim de Mello ◽  
Mariana Cristina de Souza e Silva ◽  
Orlando Francisco Amodeo Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Phonological Skill ◽  
Memory Inhibition

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify whether children with dyslexia have difficulties in executive functions (shifting, working memory, inhibition). Methods: A sample of 47 children (ages 8-13 years) participated in the study: 24 who were dyslexic and 23 controls with typical development. A battery of neuropsychological tests was used. Results: Results revealed executive function difficulties among the dyslexic children when compared with controls, encompassing selective attention modulation processes, shifting, and inhibitory control. These difficulties appeared to be affected by phonological working memory deficits, typically associated with dyslexia. Conclusion: Our findings support the consensus among scholars regarding the central involvement of phonological skill dysfunctions in dyslexia.

Disorganization syndrome is correlated to working memory deficits in unmedicated schizophrenic patients with recent onset schizophrenia

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 323-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Daban ◽  
I. Amado ◽  
F. Baylé ◽  
A. Gut ◽  
D. Willard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

scholarly journals Are Visual Memory Deficits in Recent-Onset Psychosis Degenerative?

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-356
Author(s):  
Jason Smucny ◽  
Vanessa C. Zarubin ◽  
J. Daniel Ragland ◽  
Cameron S. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Recent Onset

scholarly journals Psychotic symptom and cannabis relapse in recent-onset psychosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hides ◽  
S. Dawe ◽  
D. J. Kavanagh ◽  
R. M. Young
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Psychotic Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Symptom Relapse

BackgroundCannabis use appears to exacerbate psychotic symptoms and increase risk of psychotic relapse. However, the relative contribution of cannabis use compared with other risk factors is unclear. The influence of psychotic symptoms on cannabis use has received little attention.AimsTo examine the influence of cannabis use on psychotic symptom relapse and the influence of psychotic symptom severity on relapse in cannabis use in the 6 months following hospital admission.MethodAt baseline, 84 participants with recent-onset psychosis were assessed and 81 were followed up weekly for 6 months, using telephone and face-to-face interviews.ResultsA higher frequency of cannabis use was predictive of psychotic relapse, after controlling for medication adherence, other substance use and duration of untreated psychosis. An increase in psychotic symptoms was predictive of relapse to cannabis use, and medication adherence reduced cannabis relapse risk.ConclusionsThe relationship between cannabis use and psychosis may be bidirectional, highlighting the need for early intervention programmes to target cannabis use and psychotic symptom severity in this population.

scholarly journals Working memory assessment in schizophrenia and its correlation with executive functions ability

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur A. Berberian ◽  
Bruna T. Trevisan ◽  
Tais S. Moriyama ◽  
José M. Montiel ◽  
José Ari C. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Multiple Features ◽  
Brazilian Sample ◽  
Memory Assessment ◽  
New Strategies

OBJECTIVE: Working memory impairment is common in schizophrenia and is possibly a cause of multiple features of the disorder. However few studies have replicated such findings of impairment patterns in Brazilian samples. The main target of this study was to assess auditory and visual working memory in patients with schizophrenia, to assess if they work as separate systems, and to correlate working memory deficits with executive functions. METHOD: Twenty subjects with schizophrenia and twenty healthy subjects matched by gender, age, and schooling have participated. The abilities assessed were auditory and visual working memory, selective attention, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and planning. RESULTS: Patients showed declines in all measures evaluated, except for a measure reaction time of inhibitory control. Auditory working memory was correlated to selective attention, inhibition, flexibility and planning while Visual working memory to planning and flexibility. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that working memory and executive functions deficits are present in patients with schizophrenia in the Brazilian sample evaluated. Alterations in executive functions may lead to incapacity of operation of processes of working memory. These findings may contribute to delineate and develop new strategies of schizophrenia treatment in the Brazilian population.

Auditory Selective Attention in Cerebral-Palsied Individuals

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Ann Laraway
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the auditory selective attention abilities of normal and cerebral-palsied individuals. Twenty-three cerebral-palsied and 23 normal subjects between the ages of 5 and 21 were asked to repeat a series of 30 items consisting of from 2 to 4 digits in the presence of intermittent white noise. Results of the study indicate that cerebral-palsied individuals perform significantly poorer than normal individuals when the stimulus is accompanied by noise. Noise was not a significant factor in the performance of the normal subjects regardless of age.

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