General obligation to supreme love to God.

2012 ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
Francis Wayland
Keyword(s):  
General Obligation

State General Obligation Bond Credit Ratings

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEROME S. OSTERYOUNG ◽  
DALLAS R. BLEVINS
Keyword(s):  
Credit Ratings ◽  
General Obligation ◽  
General Obligation Bond

Protection of the Marine Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-211
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
General Obligation ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trade Measures

Abstract The general obligation to protect and preserve the marine environment is contained in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Increasingly, marine issues are addressed in regional or multilateral trade agreements, including the covered agreements of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This article examines selected legal developments, such as provisions in regional trade agreements on marine capture fisheries, marine litter and waste management infrastructure. Rules on the use of trade measures to eliminate harmful fishing practices, and the prohibition of certain subsidies, are also explored. The article calls for attention to the impact of these developments on dispute settlement between states under UNCLOS, support for marine protected areas, and the capacity for regime interaction between relevant bodies. These issues have relevance for the conservation of marine living resources as well as other issues relating to the protection of the marine environment, including marine plastics and climate change.

13. Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-293
Author(s):  
Paola Gaeta ◽  
Jorge E. Viñuales ◽  
Salvatore Zappalà
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Peaceful Settlement ◽  
General Obligation ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
Flexible Mechanisms

The general obligation of peaceful settlement of disputes complementing the general ban on the use or threat of force prompted States to revitalize and strengthen the traditional means for settling disputes and establish innovative and flexible mechanisms for preventing disputes or, more generally, inducing compliance with international law. This chapter discusses the so-called diplomatic mechanisms for promoting agreement between disputants, the so-called judicial means (arbitration and adjudication), and the interplay between them. The chapter further examines the establishment of more flexible mechanisms for either preventing or settling disputes, in particular non-compliance and supervisory procedures.

scholarly journals Municipal Bond Ratings: Are They Worthwhile for Rural Governments?

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Municipal Bond ◽  
Bond Ratings ◽  
General Obligation Bonds ◽  
General Obligation

Rural governments in the Northeast purchased credit ratinqs for a high percentage of their general obligation bonds sold in 1977. This paper examines the effect credit ratings had on the interest cost of GO bonds sold by nonmetro governments in the Northeast. The results suggest that the decision to purchase a rating may be a costly error under certain circumstances.

The United States and the International Criminal Court: Avoiding Jurisdiction Through Bilateral Agreements in Reliance on Article 98

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Bogdan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Criminal Court ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
The United States ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
General Obligation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treaty Interpretation

AbstractState-parties to the International Criminal Court Statute have a general obligation to cooperate with the Court. The duty to cooperate represents the functional cornerstone of the Court's existence. A narrow exception to this duty is contained in Article 98 of the Statute, which provides for limited circumstances in which the Court must refrain from seeking a surrender of an individual to the Court. Following rules of treaty interpretation, as well as an examination of the legislative history of the ICC Statute, the article explores the scope of Article 98, the provision the United States relied on in concluding a series of bilateral agreements that are primarily aimed at preventing the surrender of any U.S. nationals to the ICC. The article considers the issue of what impact, if any, the agreements have in the context of extradition, and the U.S.' legal ability to fulfill the commitments made in the "Article 98" agreements.

Moody’s ratings and regionalization: State government general obligation bonds

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Uyar ◽  
Donald R. Escarraz ◽  
Kenneth Oldfield
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
General Obligation Bonds ◽  
General Obligation
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