Understanding individual differences in environmental-risk exposure.

2004 ◽  
pp. 61-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rutter ◽  
Lorna Champion ◽  
David Quinton ◽  
Barbara Maughan ◽  
Andrew Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Risk Exposure

Environmental Risk Exposure, Risk Perception, Political Ideology and Support for Climate Policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Mayer ◽  
Tara O’Connor Shelley ◽  
Ted Chiricos ◽  
Marc Gertz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Exposure Risk

Corporate Environmental Policy and Shareholder Value: Following the Smart Money

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 2023-2051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitru S. Fernando ◽  
Mark P. Sharfman ◽  
Vahap B. Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Shareholder Value ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Corporate Policies ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Smart Money ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Institutional Shareholders

We examine the value consequences of corporate social responsibility through the lens of institutional shareholders. We find a sharp asymmetry between corporate policies that mitigate the firm’s exposure to environmental risk and those that enhance its perceived environmental friendliness (“greenness”). Institutional investors shun stocks with high environmental risk exposure, which we show have lower valuations, as predicted by risk management theory. These findings suggest that corporate environmental policies that mitigate environmental risk exposure create shareholder value. In contrast, firms that increase greenness do not create shareholder value and are also shunned by institutional investors.

scholarly journals The Impact of Environmental Risk Exposure on the Determinants of Sustainable Entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura H. Middermann ◽  
Jan Kratzer ◽  
Susanne Perner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Sustainable Entrepreneurship ◽  
Environmental Failures ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Impact

Does the increasing awareness of environmental risk exposure also affect intentions to create enterprises which address these social and environmental failures? Besides economic explanations that social and environmental needs and market failure create opportunities for sustainable entrepreneurship, it is less clear how cognitive processes and motivations related to sustainable entrepreneurship are shaped by its context. This research integrates environmental risk exposure as a contextual variable into the theory of planned behavior and uses data gathered in the course of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. We provide empirical evidence for the impact of environmental risk exposure on the determinants of sustainable entrepreneurial intention and contribute to a deeper understanding of the formation of sustainable entrepreneurial intention.

Genotype-environment interactions and schizophrenia

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Tienari
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Nature And Nurture ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Vulnerable Individual ◽  
The Individual

Nature and nurture are not separate. Instead it is important to investigate the interplay between genes and environment and how they influence on another. To an important degree, genetic effects on behavior come about because they either influence the extent to which the individual is likely to be exposed to individual differences in environmental risk or they affect how susceptible the individual is to environmental adversities.The current inability to explain or predict which genetically predisposed individuals will finally become schizophrenic has forced us to confront our ignorance of the precise mechanism and mode of the transmission of this disorder. Zubin's proposal to view the schizophrenic as a vulnerable individual who develops a temporary episode only under certain provocations can help place the controversy in proper perspective. Vulnerability (predisposition, diathesis) to schizophrenia can be defined as the individual's characteristic treshold beyond which stressful events produce decompensation manifest in the clinically diagnosable symptom picture.

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