Adolescent Romance as a Developmental Event: Not a Monotonous Thing

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-642
Author(s):  
William Graziano
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Event

scholarly journals Forces drive basement membrane invasion inCaenorhabditis elegans

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (45) ◽  
pp. 11537-11542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cáceres ◽  
Nagagireesh Bojanala ◽  
Laura C. Kelley ◽  
Jes Dreier ◽  
John Manzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Developmental Event ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Anchor Cell

During invasion, cells breach basement membrane (BM) barriers with actin-rich protrusions. It remains unclear, however, whether actin polymerization applies pushing forces to help break through BM, or whether actin filaments play a passive role as scaffolding for targeting invasive machinery. Here, using the developmental event of anchor cell (AC) invasion inCaenorhabditis elegans, we observe that the AC deforms the BM and underlying tissue just before invasion, exerting forces in the tens of nanonewtons range. Deformation is driven by actin polymerization nucleated by the Arp2/3 complex and its activators, whereas formins and cross-linkers are dispensable. Delays in invasion upon actin regulator loss are not caused by defects in AC polarity, trafficking, or secretion, as appropriate markers are correctly localized in the AC even when actin is reduced and invasion is disrupted. Overall force production emerges from this study as one of the main tools that invading cells use to promote BM disruption inC. elegans.

scholarly journals Adrenarche in nonhuman primates: the evidence for it and the need to redefine it

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Conley ◽  
R M Bernstein ◽  
A D Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Adrenal Androgen ◽  
Adrenal Androgens ◽  
Old World ◽  
Developmental Event ◽  
Androgen Secretion ◽  
Definition Of

Adrenarche is most commonly defined as a prepubertal increase in circulating adrenal androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfo-conjugate (DHEAS). This event is thought to have evolved in humans and some great apes but not in Old World monkeys, perhaps to promote brain development. Whether adrenarche represents a shared, derived developmental event in humans and our closest relatives, adrenal androgen secretion (and its regulation) is of considerable clinical interest. Specifically, adrenal androgens play a significant role in the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian disease and breast and prostate cancers. Understanding the development of androgen secretion by the human adrenal cortex and identifying a suitable model for its study are therefore of central importance for clinical and evolutionary concerns. This review will examine the evidence for adrenarche in nonhuman primates (NHP) and suggest that a broader definition of this developmental event is needed, including morphological, biochemical, and endocrine criteria. Using such a definition, evidence from recent studies suggests that adrenarche evolved in Old World primates but spans a relatively brief period early in development compared with humans and some great apes. This emphasizes the need for frequent longitudinal sampling in evaluating developmental changes in adrenal androgen secretion as well as the tenuous nature of existing evidence of adrenarche in some species among the great apes. Central to an understanding of the regulation of adrenal androgen production in humans is the recognition of the complex nature of adrenarche and the need for more carefully conducted comparative studies and a broader definition in order to promote investigation among NHP in particular.

Peak selection and latency jitter correction in developmental event‐related potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie W. Guy ◽  
Stefania Conte ◽  
Aslı Bursalıoğlu ◽  
John E. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Developmental Event ◽  
Latency Jitter ◽  
Related Potentials

Histone Hl° expression during developmental growth of rat liver

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Larue ◽  
Elyse Bissonnette ◽  
Luc Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Developmental Event ◽  
Rat Liver Nuclei ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Liver Nuclei

Histone Hl° appears in rat liver nuclei around the time of birth; it increases to near-adult levels by 30 days of age, in waves which correlate with distinct phases of liver developmental growth. Hl° emerges as the liver terminates the bulk of its proliferative activity, but it accumulates mainly during the terminal cytodifferentiation phases leading to polyploidization. Premature interruption of liver DNA synthesis in neonatal rats, with cytosine arabinoside or dexamethasone, induces some accumulation of Hl° in the liver. Our data suggest that DNA synthesis arrest conditions in part, but is not the main developmental event underlying Hl° expression during differentiation of rat liver.

scholarly journals Parent–offspring similarity in the timing of developmental events: an origin of heterochrony?

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1769) ◽  
pp. 20131479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Tills ◽  
Simon D. Rundle ◽  
John I. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pond Snail ◽  
Developmental Event ◽  
Event Timing ◽  
Radix Balthica ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Understanding the link between ontogeny (development) and phylogeny (evolution) remains a key aim of biology. Heterochrony, the altered timing of developmental events between ancestors and descendants, could be such a link although the processes responsible for producing heterochrony, widely viewed as an interspecific phenomenon, are still unclear. However, intraspecific variation in developmental event timing, if heritable, could provide the raw material from which heterochronies originate. To date, however, heritable developmental event timing has not been demonstrated, although recent work did suggest a genetic basis for intraspecific differences in event timing in the embryonic development of the pond snail, Radix balthica . Consequently, here we used high-resolution (temporal and spatial) imaging of the entire embryonic development of R. balthica to perform a parent–offspring comparison of the timing of twelve, physiological and morphological developmental events. Between-parent differences in the timing of all events were good predictors of such timing differences between their offspring, and heritability was demonstrated for two of these events (foot attachment and crawling). Such heritable intraspecific variation in developmental event timing could be the raw material for speciation events, providing a fundamental link between ontogeny and phylogeny, via heterochrony.

Developmental event-related gamma oscillations: effects of auditory attention

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2214-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Yordanova ◽  
Vasil Kolev ◽  
Hartmut Heinrich ◽  
Wolfgang Woerner ◽  
Tobias Banaschewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Developmental Event
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