How the Journal Article Reporting Standards and the Meta-Analysis Reporting Standards came to be and can be used in the future.

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Harris Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
The Future

A Meta-Analysis of Interviews and Cognitive Ability

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Roth ◽  
Allen I. Huffcutt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Employment Interviews ◽  
Moderator Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The topic of what interviews measure has received a great deal of attention over the years. One line of research has investigated the relationship between interviews and the construct of cognitive ability. A previous meta-analysis reported an overall corrected correlation of .40 ( Huffcutt, Roth, & McDaniel, 1996 ). A more recent meta-analysis reported a noticeably lower corrected correlation of .27 ( Berry, Sackett, & Landers, 2007 ). After reviewing both meta-analyses, it appears that the two studies posed different research questions. Further, there were a number of coding judgments in Berry et al. that merit review, and there was no moderator analysis for educational versus employment interviews. As a result, we reanalyzed the work by Berry et al. and found a corrected correlation of .42 for employment interviews (.15 higher than Berry et al., a 56% increase). Further, educational interviews were associated with a corrected correlation of .21, supporting their influence as a moderator. We suggest a better estimate of the correlation between employment interviews and cognitive ability is .42, and this takes us “back to the future” in that the better overall estimate of the employment interviews – cognitive ability relationship is roughly .40. This difference has implications for what is being measured by interviews and their incremental validity.

3 Estimating the Burden of Dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i1-i6
Author(s):  
Y Xiang ◽  
K Chan ◽  
I Rudan
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Dementia Prevalence ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Policy And Planning

Abstract Background and Objectives Rapid increase in life expectancy has resulted in an increase in the global burden of dementia that is expected to become a leading cause of morbidity in the future. Low- and middle-income countries are expected to bear an increasing majority of the burden, but lack data for accurate burden estimates that are key for informing policy and planning. Bayesian methods have recently gained recognition over traditional frequentist approaches for modelling disease burden for their superiority in dealing with severely limited data. This study provides updated estimates of dementia prevalence in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) for the years 2015, 2020 and 2030. Given the paucity of data, estimates were developed using a Bayesian methodology and confirmed by the traditional frequentist approach, with the aim of providing methodological insights for future disease burden estimates. Methods A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted to identify all relevant primary studies published between the years 2010–2018. The quality of the included studies was critically assessed. A random-effects model (REM) and a Bayesian normal-normal hierarchical model (NNHM) were used to obtain the pooled prevalence estimate of dementia for people aged 60 and above. The latter model was also developed to estimate age-specific dementia prevalence. Using UN population estimates, total and age-specific projections of the burden of dementia were calculated. Results The prevalence of dementia in LAC was found to be 14% (10–21%) in those above age 60 based on REM, and 8% (5–11.5%) based on NNHM. The prevalence increased from 2% (1–4%) in people aged 60–69 to 29% (20–37%) in people above the age of 80. The number of people living with dementia in LAC in 2015 was estimated at 5.68 million, with future projections of 6.86 million in 2020 and 9.94 million in 2030. Conclusions The findings of this review found that burden of dementia in LAC is substantial and continues to rapidly grow. The projected rise in dementia cases in the future should prompt urgent governmental response to address this growing public health issue. We were also able to demonstrate that given the overall paucity of data, a Bayesian approach was superior for estimating disease prevalence and burden.

scholarly journals Is hyperfiltration associated with the future risk of developing diabetic nephropathy? A meta-analysis

Diabetologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Magee ◽  
R. W. Bilous ◽  
C. R. Cardwell ◽  
S. J. Hunter ◽  
F. Kee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Risk

scholarly journals Reporting standards for literature searches and report inclusion criteria: Making research syntheses more transparent and easy to replicate

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Moshontz
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Search Strategies ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
Made In

A complete description of the literature search, including the criteria used for the inclusion of reports after they have been located, used in a research synthesis or meta-analysis is critical if subsequent researchers are to accurately evaluate and reproduce a synthesis' methods and results. Based on previous guidelines and new suggestions, we present a set of focused and detailed standards for reporting the methods used in a literature search. The guidelines cover five search strategies: reference database searches, journal and bibliography searches, searches of the reference lists of reports, citation searches, and direct contact searches. First, we bring together all the unique recommendations made in existing guidelines for research synthesis. Second, we identify gaps in reporting standards for search strategies. Third, we address these gaps by providing new reporting recommendations. Our hope is to facilitate successful evaluation and replication of research synthesis results.

scholarly journals A Methodological Review of fNIRS in Driving Research: Relevance to the Future of Autonomous Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Balters ◽  
Joseph M. Baker ◽  
Joseph W. Geeseman ◽  
Allan L. Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Methodological Review ◽  
The Future

As automobile manufacturers have begun to design, engineer, and test autonomous driving systems of the future, brain imaging with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can provide unique insights about cognitive processes associated with evolving levels of autonomy implemented in the automobile. Modern fNIRS devices provide a portable, relatively affordable, and robust form of functional neuroimaging that allows researchers to investigate brain function in real-world environments. The trend toward “naturalistic neuroscience” is evident in the growing number of studies that leverage the methodological flexibility of fNIRS, and in doing so, significantly expand the scope of cognitive function that is accessible to observation via functional brain imaging (i.e., from the simulator to on-road scenarios). While more than a decade’s worth of study in this field of fNIRS driving research has led to many interesting findings, the number of studies applying fNIRS during autonomous modes of operation is limited. To support future research that directly addresses this lack in autonomous driving research with fNIRS, we argue that a cogent distillation of the methods used to date will help facilitate and streamline this research of tomorrow. To that end, here we provide a methodological review of the existing fNIRS driving research, with the overarching goal of highlighting the current diversity in methodological approaches. We argue that standardization of these approaches will facilitate greater overlap of methods by researchers from all disciplines, which will, in-turn, allow for meta-analysis of future results. We conclude by providing recommendations for advancing the use of such fNIRS technology in furthering understanding the adoption of safe autonomous vehicle technology.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Utility of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Gao ◽  
Li-Ping Lu ◽  
Zhi-Guo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Type I ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Phospholipase A2 Receptor ◽  
The Future

Abstract Background Membranous nephropathy is an autoimmune nephropathy that is one of the most common pathological types of nephrotic syndrome. It is important to find and apply specific biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). However, there are limited data about their diagnostic value. Therefore, an overall meta-analysis helps to identify effective biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of IMN. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science from inception until December 31, 2020. Two researchers searched for studies that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the joint study were expressed in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Results The meta-analysis included 24 studies with biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of IMN, including phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), thrombospondin type I domain-containing 7A (THSD7A), lysosome membrane protein-2 (LIMP-2) and circular RNAs. The diagnostic efficiency of PLA2R for IMN had a combined sensitivity of 60% and a combined specificity of 100%. The diagnostic efficiency of THSD7A for IMN had a combined sensitivity of 3% and a combined specificity of 99%. The diagnostic efficiency of urinary LIMP-2 for IMN was 100%, and the specificity was 100%. The diagnostic efficiency of exosomal circRNAs for IMN was 100%, and the specificity was 100%. Conclusions This meta-analysis shows that PLA2R and THSD7A are of important diagnostic value for IMN. More studies are needed in the future to reveal the diagnostic value of LIMP-2 and circRNAs for IMN. At the same time, other new diagnostic biomarkers in IMN need to be found in the future.

Preliminary data of hereditary constitutional studies in endemic goiter in the Mariob region

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-299
Author(s):  
M. P. Andreev ◽  
M. G. Ul'yanova
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Endemic Goiter ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
The Future

In the summer of 1928 and 1929, we had to work on an expedition to study the endemic goiter in the Mariob region. It is impossible to cover in a journal article the enormous amount of material that these expeditions brought (mainly in 1929), its processing is still ongoing and the publication of data in special works of the expedition is a matter of the future; but already at the present time it is possible to share some preliminary results that are of interest to a wide medical community.

scholarly journals Creating Innovation Policies that Leads to Positive Future Spillovers - A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Mohamed Buheji
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Future ◽  
Innovation Policies

This paper reviews what is the essence and importance of innovation policy today and in the future. The Importance of innovation meta-analysis and its benefits for the policies beneficiaries and stakeholders are explored. Then, cases of market failure and how innovation policies could bring influence and spillovers on the economy, are discussed.This critical review implies that it shows the main mechanisms of innovation instruments and where the essentials and the rationales of creating socially preferable innovation policies need to be more investigated as per the clusters targeted for competitiveness differentiation.

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