Calibration and performance of automatic compact instrumentation for the measurement of relative humidity from passenger aircraft

1998 ◽  
Vol 103 (D19) ◽  
pp. 25643-25652 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Helten ◽  
H. G. J. Smit ◽  
W. Sträter ◽  
D. Kley ◽  
P. Nedelec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Passenger Aircraft

A CHAMBER FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY AND SOIL MOISTURE ON INSECT EGGS

1968 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Doane ◽  
R. K. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Insect Eggs ◽  
Humidity Chamber ◽  
Solution Surface ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Optimum Relationship

AbstractConstruction and performance of a humidity chamber, designed to provide an optimum relationship between volume and conditioning-solution surface area, are described.

scholarly journals Air Quality Measurements in Laying Hens Housing

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Prodanov ◽  
Miroslav Radeski ◽  
Vlatko Ilieski
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Multiple Measurement ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Air Quality Measurements ◽  
Physical Measures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quality Measurements

AbstractEnsuring good environmental conditions of the poultry houses can be costly for the farmers, but without it losses due to poor bird health and performance due to poor air quality can be much more detrimental to net returns. The goal of this study was to investigate the variations in air quality in various areas inside the laying hen houses. Ten houses with laying hen conventional battery cages were measured for O2, H2S, CO, NH3, temperature, relative humidity, CO2, airflow and luminance. The results of the physical measures showed that temperatures in the houses were between 15.31–25.6°C, the relative humidity 48.03-81.12%, while the luminance rarely exceeded 8 lux. As for the gasses, the values for NH3 rarely exceeded 8 ppm, although at some measuring points it reached 26 ppm. O2 was generally at 20.9 %, and the levels of CO2 were very low. No presence of H2S and CO was detected. In this study it was concluded that the measurement of the air quality in a house can vary depending of the places this measures are taken. Multiple measurement points are important because they may make the staff aware of the problems connected to low ventilation and culmination of harmful gases. The air quality in different positions in the houses is of great importance not only for the animal welfare, but also for the safety of the staff.

scholarly journals Design, Building and Performance Evaluation of a Mixed-Mode Solar Dryer for Agricultural Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Performance

This research work presents the detailed explanation of the design, construction and performance evaluation of mixed-mode solar agricultural products dryer. The experimental set up used for testing the performance of the mixed-mode solar agricultural products dryer and determining the influence of various drying methods on the drying behaviour of agricultural products. Evaluation of the dryer was centered on the moisture content reduction, temperatures and relative humidities variations. 1680 g of freshly potato slides were used for evaluation. The test results gave that the temperatures inside the dryer cabinet and the solar collector were much higher than the ambient temperature during most hours of the daylight. The temperature inside the solar collector was up to 27 o C approximately higher than the ambient temperature. The temperature inside the drying cabinet was up to 22 o C approximately higher than the ambient temperature for about three hours immediately after 12.00 h (noon). The relative humidity in the solar collector and drying cabinet were lower than the ambient air relative humidity, with the ambient air recording the highest relative humidity at each reading followed by the drying cabinet and finally by the solar collector. Because of the decreased relative humidity inside the dryer, all the time, the temperature inside the dryer was high which is sufficient enough to dry the potato at an early time. Based on the results obtained during the test, temperature above 65 o C was recorded inside the drying cabinet. This high temperature in the drying cabinet causes 419 g of moisture to be removed on the first day, 257 g on the second day, 191 g on the third day, 136 g on the fourth day and finally 108 g on the fifth day. At the end of the five days of drying process, the mass of 1680 g of potato was reduced to 569 g. Total amount of moisture removed was 1111 g and total moisture loss was 66.1 %, which is the required amount of moisture to be removed for safe drying of freshly potato slides. The moisture content of the freshly potato slides was 24.9 % at the end of drying for the first day at about 5:00 pm, 20.4 % at the end of drying for the second day, 19 % at the end of drying for the third day, 16.7 % at the end of drying for the fourth day and finally 15.9% at the end of drying for the fifth day. It was observed that the drying rate increased from the end of one day to another, which shows the earlier and faster removal of moisture from the dried item.

scholarly journals Technical Note: Reanalysis of upper troposphere humidity data from the MOZAIC programme for the period 1994 to 2009

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 18905-18942 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. J. Smit ◽  
S. Rohs ◽  
P. Neis ◽  
D. Boulanger ◽  
M. Krämer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Tropopause Region ◽  
Passenger Aircraft ◽  
Year 2000

Abstract. In-situ observational data on the relative humidity (RH) in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UT/LS), or tropopause region, respectively, collected aboard civil passenger aircraft in the MOZAIC (Measurements of OZone, water vapour, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides by in-service AIrbus airCraft) programme were reanalysed for the period 2000 to 2009. Previous analyses of probability distribution functions (PDF) of upper troposphere humidity (UTH) data from MOZAIC observations from year 2000 and later indicated a bias of UTH data towards higher RH values compared to data of the period 1994 to 1999. As a result, PDF of UTH data show a substantial fraction of observations above 100% relative humidity with respect to liquid water (RHliquid), which is not possible from thermodynamical principles. An in-depth reanalysis of the data set recovered a calibration artefact from year 2000 on, while data of the previous period from 1994 to 1999 were found to be correct. The full data set for 2000–2009 was reanalysed applying the adjusted calibration procedure. Applied correction schemes and a revised error analysis are presented along with the reanalysed PDF of RHliquid and RHice.

Investigation of PEMFC under Static Magnetic Field: Temperature, Relative Humidity and Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. F1-F8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ruksawong ◽  
R. Songprakorp ◽  
V. Monyakul ◽  
N. A. David ◽  
P. C. Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Static Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Temperature ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Measurements of total odd nitrogen (NO<sub>y</sub>) aboard MOZAIC in-service aircraft: instrument design, operation and performance

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 6149-6183
Author(s):  
A. Volz-Thomas ◽  
M. Berg ◽  
T. Heil ◽  
N. Houben ◽  
A. Lerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Gold Surface ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Small System ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Passenger Aircraft ◽  
Odd Nitrogen

Abstract. A small system for the unattended measurement of total odd nitrogen (NOy, i.e., the sum of NO and its atmospheric oxidation products) aboard civil in-service aircraft in the framework of MOZAIC is described. The instrument employs the detection of NO by its chemiluminescence with O3 in combination with catalytic conversion of the other NOy compounds to NO at 300°C on a gold surface in the presence of H2. The instrument has a sensitivity of 0.4–7 cps/ppt and is designed for unattended operation during 1–2 service cycles of the aircraft (400–800 flight hours). The total weight is 50 kg, including calibration system, compressed gases, mounting, and safety measures. The layout and inlet configuration are governed by requirements due to the certification for passenger aircraft. Laboratory tests are described regarding the conversion efficiency for NO2 and HNO3 (both >98%). Interference by HCN and NH3 is 100% and <1%, respectively. The time response (90% time) of the instrument is <1 s for NO2 and 150 s for HNO3, the latter being caused by memory effects in the 80 cm long inlet line.

scholarly journals Measurements of total odd nitrogen (NO<sub>y</sub>) aboard MOZAIC in-service aircraft: instrument design, operation and performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Volz-Thomas ◽  
M. Berg ◽  
T. Heil ◽  
N. Houben ◽  
A. Lerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Gold Surface ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Small System ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Passenger Aircraft ◽  
Odd Nitrogen

Abstract. A small system for the unattended measurement of total odd nitrogen (NOy, i.e., the sum of NO and its atmospheric oxidation products) aboard civil in-service aircraft in the framework of MOZAIC is described. The instrument employs the detection of NO by its chemiluminescence with O3 in combination with catalytic conversion of the other NOy compounds to NO at 300°C on a gold surface in the presence of H2. The instrument has a sensitivity of 0.4-0.7cps/ppt and is designed for unattended operation during 1-2 service cycles of the aircraft (400-800 flight hours). The total weight is 50kg, including calibration system, compressed gases, mounting, and safety measures. The layout and inlet configuration are governed by requirements due to the certification for passenger aircraft. Laboratory tests are described regarding the conversion efficiency for NO2 and HNO3 (both >98%). Interference by non-NOy species is <1% for CH3CN and NH3, <5x10-5% for N2O (corresponding to <0.2ppt fake NOy from ambient N2O) and 100% for HCN. The time response of the instrument is <1s (90% change) for NO2. The response for HNO3 is nonlinear: 20s for 67%, 60s for 80%, and 150s for 90% response, respectively.

scholarly journals Design, Fabrication, and Performance Analysis of an Automatic Horizontal Egg Incubator

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Bharosh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Nischal Pokhrel ◽  
Dinesh Khatiwada ◽  
Madan Khanal ◽  
Triratna Bajracharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Favorable Temperature ◽  
Design Construction

This research paper presents the design, construction, and performance testing of an automatic electrically powered egg incubator utilizing the horizontal placement of eggs. This experimental research was driven by the specific design and construction of a well-insulated rectangular egg-incubating box of dimension 400 mm × 600 mm × 500 mm and thickness 30 mm, where sample eggs were kept for experimental test analysis under the favorable temperature and humidity inside the box, which was automatically controlled. The device was made to operate under the temperature range of 37°C – 38°C, which was found to be adequate for developing embryos and also maintaining relative humidity at the range of 45–60% for the first 18 days and 60–90% for the last three days. Finally, in this machine, the egg tray was adjusted horizontally, and a motor clamped mechanism was used 5 times a day which was controlled automatically by a micro-controller for the motion of eggs up to 18 days of incubation. In conclusion, this egg-incubating machine has an efficiency and hatchability of 72.22%.

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