Relativistic Solar Proton Database for the Ground Level Enhancements During Solar Cycle 22

1993 ◽  
Vol 98 (A12) ◽  
pp. 21107-21109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C. Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Ground Level Enhancements

Small Size Ground Level Enhancements During Solar Cycle 24

Solar Physics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonty I. Miroshnichenko ◽  
Chuan Li ◽  
Victor G. Yanke
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Cycle 24 ◽  
Cycle 24 ◽  
Ground Level Enhancements

scholarly journals Current status and possible extension of the global neutron monitor network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Alexander Mishev ◽  
Ilya Usoskin
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Neutron Monitor ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Energetic Particles ◽  
Solar Energetic Particles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Flight Altitude ◽  
Ground Level Enhancements

The global neutron monitor network has been successfully used over several decades to study cosmic ray variations and fluxes of energetic solar particles. Nowadays, it is used also for space weather purposes, e.g. alerts and assessment of the exposure to radiation. Here, we present the current status of the global neutron monitor network. We discuss the ability of the global neutron monitor network to study solar energetic particles, specifically during large ground level enhancements. We demonstrate as an example, the derived solar proton characteristics during ground level enhancements GLE #5 and the resulting effective dose over the globe at a typical commercial jet flight altitude of 40 kft (≈12,200 m) above sea level. We present a plan for improvement of space weather services and applications of the global neutron monitor network, specifically for studies related to solar energetic particles, namely an extension of the existing network with several new monitors. We discuss the ability of the optimized global neutron monitor network to study various populations of solar energetic particles and to provide reliable space weather services.

The Cosmic Ray Solar Flare Increase of 16 February 1984

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-594
Author(s):  
A. G. Fenton ◽  
K. B. Fenton ◽  
J. E. Humble
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Solar Flare ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Solar Proton Events

Six solar proton events have been observed by ground level cosmic ray detectors so far during solar cycle 21, a little less than one per year. All of these have been much smaller than the giant events observed in solar cycle 19. As with many other aspects of solar activity, the reason for the differences from cycle to cycle remain unknown.

Characteristics of source location and solar cycle distribution of the strong solar proton events (≥ 1000 pfu) from 1976 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui-Ming Le ◽  
Ming-Xian Zhao ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Gui-Ang Liu ◽  
Tian Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Solar Proton Events ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

Abstract We studied the source locations and solar cycle distribution of strong solar proton events (≥ 1000 pfu) measured at the Earth from 1976 to 2018. There were 43 strong solar proton events (SPEs) during this period. 27.9 per cent of the strong SPEs were ground level enhancement (GLE) events. We detect more strong SPEs coming from the western hemisphere. The strong SPEs were distributed in the region of [E90-W90], extreme SPEs (≥10000 pfu) appeared within the longitudinal area from E30 to W75, while the SPEs with peak fluxes ≥ 20000 pfu concentrated in the range from E30 to W30 and were always accompanied by super geomagnetic storms (Dst ≤−250 nT). The northern and southern hemispheres of the Sun have 23 and 20 strong SPEs, respectively. The ranges S0–S19 and N0–N19 have 13 and 11 strong SPEs, respectively. S20–S45 and N20–N45 have 7 and 12 strong SPEs, respectively, indicating that the N-S asymmetry of strong SPEs mainly occurred in the areas with a latitude greater than 20○ of the two hemispheres of the Sun. The statistical results showed that 48.8 per cent, 51.2 per cent, and 76.7 per cent of the strong SPEs appeared during the rising phase, declining phase, and in the period from two years before to the three years after the solar maximum, respectively. The number of strong SPEs during a solar cycle has a poor correlation with the solar cycle size.

scholarly journals Possible ground level enhancements at the beginning of the maximum of Solar Cycle 24

2015 ◽  
Vol 632 ◽  
pp. 012063 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Belov ◽  
E Eroshenko ◽  
O Kryakunova ◽  
N Nikolayevskiy ◽  
A Malimbayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Cycle 24 ◽  
Cycle 24 ◽  
Ground Level Enhancements

scholarly journals Characteristics of solar proton events associated with ground level enhancements

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (A10) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Oh ◽  
Y. Yi ◽  
J. W. Bieber ◽  
P. Evenson ◽  
Y. K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Solar Proton Events ◽  
Ground Level Enhancements
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