Forested Streams May Warm More Than Observations Predict

Climate change is the single biggest environmental issue facing the world today. It has become a great challenge to our generation and its impact is felt in almost every society in the world. Nigeria is one of the most vulnerable countries in Africa. Nigeria as a developing nation with a population of about 200 million people is likely to be adversely impacted by climate change due to its vulnerability and low coping capabilities. Climate change is evidently linked to human actions, and in particular from the burning of fossil fuels and changes in global patterns of land use. The impacts of human activities, as well as those of natural phenomena on global warming, climate change, and the environment, were presented and discussed. Various manifestations of its impact are evident in Nigeria, which includes temperature rise, increase in draught, and scarcity of food instigated by irregularities in rainfall, over flooding, and so on. This paper examines the concepts of global warming and climate change; its impact on the Nigeria ecosystems. It highlights the climate change-related risks and hazards the nation could face if best practices are not employed to prevent and mitigate its impact. Two sets of measures have been advocated for confronting climate change, these are mitigation and adaptation measures. The review explores possible adaptation strategies that are required to respond to the climatic variations and suggests ways that these adaptation strategies can be implemented.

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Worrying about climate change: is it responsible to promote public debate?

BJPsych International ◽

10.1192/s2056474000000234 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 31-32

Author(s):

Helen L. Berry ◽

Dominic Peel

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mental Health ◽

Global Warming ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Well Being ◽

Public Debate ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Population Mental Health ◽

Regional Australia ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Some fear that provoking widespread worry about climate change may harm mental health. The Regional Wellbeing Survey, a large study of health, well-being and life in rural and regional Australia, examined climate change worry and attitudes. Most respondents were worried about climate change and agreed that fossil fuel use causes global warming, but there was no evidence to suggest that worry about climate change is linked to mental health in the general population. Respectful, calm, considered public debate about how to respond to climate change is unlikely to be harmful to population mental health. Individually focused clinical approaches are unlikely to be effective as a primary approach in managing the mental health impacts of climate change. Instead, collective, systems-based approaches will be needed.

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What the Science Tells Us about Climate Change

From Ideas to Action ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198852308.003.0002 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 19-42

Author(s):

Janis Sarra

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Food Security ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Production Systems ◽

Well Being ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Current Science ◽

Health And Well Being ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Chapter 2 offers an analysis of the state of science and its direct implications for business. It explores how the physical impacts of climate change are already evident, discussing impacts on human health and well-being; on food security and food production systems; on the ecosystems of oceans, lands, and wetlands; and impacts on freshwater resources and on the cryosphere. The chapter examines the concept of climate tipping points and the implications for businesses. It also explores why mitigation is crucially important to reversing the negative impacts of climate change and discusses why climate adaptation is important and necessary, but not, in itself, sufficient to change the current trajectory of global warming. The chapter focuses particularly on what companies need to know about the current science on climate change.

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Climate change and agricultural productivity in Brazil: future perspectives

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x1600005x ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 581-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Juliano Assunção ◽

Flávia Chein

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

General Circulation ◽

Agricultural Productivity ◽

General Circulation Models ◽

Future Perspectives ◽

Intergovernmental Panel ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractThis paper evaluates the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity. Cross-sectional variation in climate among Brazilian municipalities is used to estimate an equation in which geographical attributes determine agricultural productivity. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predictions based on atmosphere–ocean, coupled with general circulation models (for 2030–2049), are used to simulate the impacts of climate change. Our estimates suggest that global warming under the current technological standards is expected to decrease the agricultural output per hectare in Brazil by 18 per cent, with the effects on municipalities ranging from−40 to+15 per cent.

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Climate and land use change impacts on global terrestrial ecosystems and river flows in the HadGEM2-ES Earth system model using the representative concentration pathways

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-12-1317-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1317-1338 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

R. A. Betts ◽

N. Golding ◽

P. Gonzalez ◽

J. Gornall ◽

R. Kahana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Land Cover ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

21St Century ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Earth System Model ◽

System Model ◽

Earth System ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. A new generation of an Earth system model now includes a number of land-surface processes directly relevant to analyzing potential impacts of climate change. This model, HadGEM2-ES, allows us to assess the impacts of climate change, multiple interactions, and feedbacks as the model is run. This paper discusses the results of century-scale HadGEM2-ES simulations from an impacts perspective – specifically, terrestrial ecosystems and water resources – for four different scenarios following the representative concentration pathways (RCPs), used in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013, 2014). Over the 21st century, simulated changes in global and continental-scale terrestrial ecosystems due to climate change appear to be very similar in all 4 RCPs, even though the level of global warming by the end of the 21st century ranges from 2 °C in the lowest scenario to 5.5° in the highest. A warming climate generally favours broadleaf trees over needleleaf, needleleaf trees over shrubs, and shrubs over herbaceous vegetation, resulting in a poleward shift of temperate and boreal forests and woody tundra in all scenarios. Although climate related changes are slightly larger in scenarios of greater warming, the largest differences between scenarios arise at regional scales as a consequence of different patterns of anthropogenic land cover change. In the model, the scenario with the lowest global warming results in the most extensive decline in tropical forest cover due to a large expansion of agriculture. Under all four RCPs, fire potential could increase across extensive land areas, particularly tropical and sub-tropical latitudes. River outflows are simulated to increase with higher levels of CO2 and global warming in all projections, with outflow increasing with mean temperature at the end of the 21st century at the global scale and in North America, Asia, and Africa. In South America, Europe, and Australia, the relationship with climate warming and CO2 rise is less clear, probably as a result of land cover change exerting a dominant effect in those regions.

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Erratum to: Impacts of climate change on European hydrology at 1.5, 2 and 3 degrees mean global warming above preindustrial level

Climatic Change ◽

10.1007/s10584-017-2022-0 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 143 (3-4) ◽

pp. 535-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chantal Donnelly ◽

Wouter Greuell ◽

Jafet Andersson ◽

Dieter Gerten ◽

Giovanna Pisacane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

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Multiyear variations in High Arctic river temperatures in response to climate variability

Arctic Science ◽

10.1139/as-2017-0053 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 605-623 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher Bolduc ◽

Scott F. Lamoureux

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Variability ◽

Aquatic Ecosystems ◽

Ecosystem Health ◽

Cold Water ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

River System ◽

High Arctic ◽

Small Rivers ◽

Wide Range

Water temperature measurements (2004–2016) from two small rivers in the High Arctic were analyzed to determine the effects of climate variability on thermal regime and the sensitivity to climate change. The East and West rivers (unofficial names) drain similar watersheds (11.6 and 8.0 km2, respectively) and are located at the Cape Bounty Arctic Watershed Observatory (CBAWO), Melville Island, Canada (74°55′N, 109°35′W). Differences in seasonal timing of river temperatures were evident when comparing the coldest and warmest years of the study period, and across different discharge conditions. Snowmelt runoff is characterized by uniformly cold water (∼0–1 °C) over a wide range of discharge conditions, followed by warming water temperatures during flow recession. The rivers showed varying sensitivity to mid-summer air temperature conditions in a given year, with warmer years indicating high correlation (r2 = 0.794–0.929), whereas colder years showed reduced correlation (r2 = 0.368–0.778). River temperatures reached levels which are reported to negatively affect fish and other cold-water aquatic species (>18 °C) with greater frequency and duration during the warmest years. These results provide a basis to further enhance prediction of river thermal conditions to assess ecosystem health in a river system and to refine insights into the effects of climate change on High Arctic aquatic ecosystems.

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Impacts of climate change on European hydrology at 1.5, 2 and 3 degrees mean global warming above preindustrial level

Climatic Change ◽

10.1007/s10584-017-1971-7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 143 (1-2) ◽

pp. 13-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Chantal Donnelly ◽

Wouter Greuell ◽

Jafet Andersson ◽

Dieter Gerten ◽

Giovanna Pisacane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

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Analysis Of Strategies For Mitigation And Adaptation To The Impacts Of Climate Change In The Agricultural Sector In Northern Philippines

10.32920/ryerson.14644512 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Grace Tan

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation Strategies ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

There is widespread evidence that countries in the tropical regions especially the less developed countries will be most affected by the impacts of climate change and global warming. Unfortunately, these countries are highly dependent on agriculture, which is very sensitive to climate change, thereby threatening food security and economic development in the region. Interestingly, agriculture is one of the main contributors to the atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, it is important that actions taken to adapt to climate change do not undermine the effectiveness of mitigation strategies that impact the agricultural sector. The present study investigates the effects of mitigation and adaptation strategies on the impacts of climate change in the agricultural sector in Northern Philippines and identifies where synergies or conflicts between the two approaches may arise. Further analysis of the selected strategies suggests that one or more adaptation strategies may be ideal to achieve the maximum benefits.

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The effect of climate change on Australian arboviruses

Microbiology Australia ◽

10.1071/ma09062 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

John S Mackenzie

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Viral Diseases ◽

Complex Interplay ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Since it was first raised more than 20 years ago, there has been increasing concern about the potential impacts of climate change on mosquito-borne viral diseases in Australia. This has generated a number of predictions and projections on the effect of global warming on the incidence and spread of Australian arboviruses. These have been discussed recently by Russell and Jacobs & colleagues and thus need not be repeated in detail here. In addition, it was also the topic of a previous ?In Focus? article. This paper will briefly focus on the complex interplay between climate-associated factors which may affect the incidence and spread of mosquito-borne viruses, and show how these factors may influence the ecologies of the major Australian arboviruses.

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