scholarly journals Improving the Upper-Ocean Temperature in an Ocean Climate Model (FESOM 1.4): Shortwave Penetration Versus Mixing Induced by Nonbreaking Surface Waves

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhu Wang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Qi Shu ◽  
Patrick Scholz ◽  
Gerrit Lohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Ocean Climate ◽  
Ocean Climate Model

Comparing the effect of shortwave penetration and mixing induced by non-breaking surface waves in an ocean climate model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizhu Wang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Qi Shu ◽  
Patrick Scholz ◽  
Gerrit Lohmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Ocean Climate

<p>Numerical models have been widely utilized to simulate the ocean and climate system. Parameterizations of some important processes, however, including the vertical mixing induced by surface waves, are still missing in many ocean models. In this work we incorporate the vertical mixing induced by non-breaking surface waves derived from a wave model into the multi-resolution Finite Element Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM), and compare its effect with that of shortwave penetration, another key process to vertically redistribute the heat in the upper ocean. Numerical experiments reveal that both processes ameliorate the simulation of upper-ocean temperature in mid and low latitudes mainly on the summer hemisphere. The regions where nonbreaking wave generates stronger improvement are where large temperature bias exists. The non-breaking surface waves plays a more significant role in decreasing the mean cold biases at 50 m (by 1.0 °C, in comparison to 0.5 °C achieved by applying shortwave penetration). We conclude that the incorporation of mixing induced by non-breaking surface waves into FESOM is practically very helpful, and suggest that it needs to be considered in other ocean climate models as well.</p>

scholarly journals Response of an ocean-atmosphere climate model to Milankovic forcing

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Posmentier
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Climate Variations ◽  
Nonlinear Feedback ◽  
Ocean Climate ◽  
Pleistocene Climate ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
Ocean Climate Model

Abstract. There is considerable evidence in support of Milankovic's theory that variations in high-latitude summer insolation caused by Earth orbital variations are the cause of the Pleistocene ice cycles. The enigmatic discrepancy between the spectra of Milankovic forcing and of Pleistocene climate variations is believed to be resolved by the slow, nonlinear response of ice sheets to changes in solar seasonality. An experiment with a preliminary version of a 14-region atmosphere/snow/upper ocean climate model demonstrates that the response of the ocean-atmosphere system alone to Milankovic forcing is capable of driving ice cycles with the observed spectrum. This occurs because of the highly nonlinear response of both the thermal seasons and the annual mean temperature to solar seasons, which is caused in turn by the highly nonlinear feedback between temperature and snow and sea ice.

scholarly journals Pacific decadal oscillation hindcasts relevant to near-term climate prediction

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 1833-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Mochizuki ◽  
Masayoshi Ishii ◽  
Masahide Kimoto ◽  
Yoshimitsu Chikamoto ◽  
Masahiro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Decadal Oscillation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Climate Prediction ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Predictive Skill ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Decadal Scale ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Ocean Climate Model

Decadal-scale climate variations over the Pacific Ocean and its surroundings are strongly related to the so-called Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) which is coherent with wintertime climate over North America and Asian monsoon, and have important impacts on marine ecosystems and fisheries. In a near-term climate prediction covering the period up to 2030, we require knowledge of the future state of internal variations in the climate system such as the PDO as well as the global warming signal. We perform sets of ensemble hindcast and forecast experiments using a coupled atmosphere-ocean climate model to examine the predictability of internal variations on decadal timescales, in addition to the response to external forcing due to changes in concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols, volcanic activity, and solar cycle variations. Our results highlight that an initialization of the upper-ocean state using historical observations is effective for successful hindcasts of the PDO and has a great impact on future predictions. Ensemble hindcasts for the 20th century demonstrate a predictive skill in the upper-ocean temperature over almost a decade, particularly around the Kuroshio-Oyashio extension (KOE) and subtropical oceanic frontal regions where the PDO signals are observed strongest. A negative tendency of the predicted PDO phase in the coming decade will enhance the rising trend in surface air-temperature (SAT) over east Asia and over the KOE region, and suppress it along the west coasts of North and South America and over the equatorial Pacific. This suppression will contribute to a slowing down of the global-mean SAT rise.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the sea ice simulation in a new coupled atmosphere-ocean climate model (HadGEM1)

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (C12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. McLaren ◽  
H. T. Banks ◽  
C. F. Durman ◽  
J. M. Gregory ◽  
T. C. Johns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ocean Climate ◽  
Ocean Climate Model
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