scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Solar Spectral Irradiance on Near-Infrared Clear-Sky Atmospheric Absorption and Heating Rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 6460-6468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaah P. Menang
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Atmospheric Absorption ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Water vapour foreign-continuum absorption in near-infrared windows from laboratory measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1968) ◽  
pp. 2557-2577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Ptashnik ◽  
Robert A. McPheat ◽  
Keith P. Shine ◽  
Kevin M. Smith ◽  
R. Gary Williams
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Pair Interaction ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Atmospheric Absorption ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Long Time

For a long time, it has been believed that atmospheric absorption of radiation within wavelength regions of relatively high infrared transmittance (so-called ‘windows’) was dominated by the water vapour self-continuum, that is, spectrally smooth absorption caused by H 2 O−H 2 O pair interaction. Absorption due to the foreign continuum (i.e. caused mostly by H 2 O−N 2 bimolecular absorption in the Earth's atmosphere) was considered to be negligible in the windows. We report new retrievals of the water vapour foreign continuum from high-resolution laboratory measurements at temperatures between 350 and 430 K in four near-infrared windows between 1.1 and 5 μm (9000–2000 cm −1 ). Our results indicate that the foreign continuum in these windows has a very weak temperature dependence and is typically between one and two orders of magnitude stronger than that given in representations of the continuum currently used in many climate and weather prediction models. This indicates that absorption owing to the foreign continuum may be comparable to the self-continuum under atmospheric conditions in the investigated windows. The calculated global-average clear-sky atmospheric absorption of solar radiation is increased by approximately 0.46 W m −2 (or 0.6% of the total clear-sky absorption) by using these new measurements when compared with calculations applying the widely used MTCKD (Mlawer–Tobin–Clough–Kneizys–Davies) foreign-continuum model.

scholarly journals Spectral Irradiance Influence on Solar Cells Efficiency

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5017
Author(s):  
David Leitão ◽  
João Paulo N. Torres ◽  
João F. P. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Copper Indium ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Pass

This paper investigates the influence of the spectral irradiance variation and the spectral response (SR) on the production of energy by photovoltaic cells. To determine the impact of SR and spectral irradiance on m-Si and perovskite cells, experimental tests were conducted outdoors, used optical filters to select different zones of the spectrum. For the computational simulations of the different photovoltaic modules, when subjected to a certain spectral irradiance, a model with spectral factor (SF) was implemented. The SF model accurately simulated the experiments performed for the high-pass filters. The highest relative errors for certain irradiation bands occurred due to the input variables used in the model, which did not fully describe the reality of the experiments performed. The effect of the SR and the spectral irradiance for each of them were observed through the simulations for the m-Si, a-Si, CdTe, and copper indium selenide (CIS) modules. The CIS technology presented a better overall result in the near infrared zone, producing about half of the energy produced by the CdTe technology in the visible zone. The SF, spectral incompatibility factor (MM), and spectral effective responsivity (SEF) parameters were verified to be important for studying the photovoltaic energy production.

The impact of solar spectral irradiance variability on middle atmospheric ozone

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (13) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee W. Merkel ◽  
Jerald W. Harder ◽  
Daniel R. Marsh ◽  
Anne K. Smith ◽  
Juan M. Fontenla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Atmospheric Ozone ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Metrology of the Solar Spectral Irradiance at the Top Of Atmosphere in the Near Infrared Measured at Mauna Loa Observatory: The PYR-ILIOS campaign

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Pereira ◽  
David Bolsée ◽  
Peter Sperfeld ◽  
Sven Pape ◽  
Dominique Sluse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Solar Physics ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Calibration Source ◽  
Error Budget ◽  
Mauna Loa ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Earth’S Radiation Budget

Abstract. The near infrared (NIR) part of the solar spectrum is of prime importance for the solar physics and climatology, directly intervening in the Earth's radiation budget. Despite its major role, available solar spectral irradiance (SSI) NIR datasets, space-borne or ground based, present discrepancies caused by instrumental or methodological reasons. We present new results obtained from the PYR-ILIOS campaign, which is a replication of the previous IRSPERAD campaign which took place in 2011 at the Izaña Observatory (IZO). We used the same instrument and primary calibration source of spectral irradiance. A new site was chosen for PYR-ILIOS: the Mauna-Loa observatory in Hawaii (3397 m asl), approximately 1000 m higher than IZO. Relatively to IRSPERAD, the methodology of monitoring the traceability to the primary calibration source was improved. The results as well as a detailed error budget are presented. We demonstrate that the most recent results, from PYR-ILIOS and other space-borne and ground-based experiments show an NIR SSI lower than ATLAS3 for wavelengths above 1.6 μm.

Solar spectral irradiance measurements: visible to near-infrared regions

Metrologia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Rottman ◽  
G Mount ◽  
G Lawrence ◽  
T Woods ◽  
J Harder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance

scholarly journals The impact of cloudiness and cloud type on the atmospheric heating rate of black and brown carbon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Ferrero ◽  
Asta Gregorič ◽  
Griša Močnik ◽  
Martin Rigler ◽  
Sergio Cogliati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
High Time ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Cloud Type ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Brown Carbon ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We experimentally quantified the impact of cloud fraction and cloud type on the heating rates (HRs) of black and brown carbon (HRBC and HRBrC).In particular, in this work, we examine in more detail the average cloud effect (Ferrero et al., 2018) using high time-resolution measurements of aerosol absorption at multiple-wavelengths coupled with spectral measurements of the direct, diffuse and surface reflected radiation and lidar data in the Po Valley. The experimental set-up allowed a direct determination of HRBC and HRBrC in any sky condition. The highest values of total HR were found in the middle of the winter (1.43 ± 0.05 K day−1) while the lowest in spring (0.54 ± 0.02 K day−1) Overall the HRBrC accounted for 13.7 ± 0.2 % of the total HR, the BrC being characterized by an AAE of 3.49 ± 0.01. Simultaneously, sky conditions were classified (from clear-sky to cloudy) in terms of fraction of sky covered by clouds (oktas) and cloud types. Cloud types were grouped as a function of altitude into the following classes: 1) low level ( 7 km) cirrus, cirrocumulus-cirrostratus. Measurements carried out in different sky conditions at high-time resolution showed a constant decrease of HR with increasing cloudiness of the atmosphere enabling us to quantify for the first time the bias (in %) in the aerosol HR introduced by improperly assuming clear-sky conditions in radiative transfer calculations. In fact, during the campaign, clear sky conditions were only present 23 % of the time while the remaining time (77 %) was characterized by cloudy conditions. Our results show that, by incorrectly assuming clear-sky conditions, the HR of light absorbing aerosol can be largely overestimated (by 50 % in low cloudiness, oktas = 1–2), up to over 400 % (in complete overcast conditions, i.e., oktas = 7–8). The impact of different cloud types on the HR compared to a clear sky condition was also investigated. Cirrus were found to have a modest impact, decreasing the HRBC and HRBrC by −1– −5 %. Cumulus decreased the HRBC and HRBrC by −31 ± 12 and −26 ± 7 %, respectively, while cirrocumulus-cirrostratus by −60 ± 8 and −54 ± 4 %, which was comparable to the impact of altocumulus (−60 ± 6 and −46 ± 4 %). A high impact on HRBC and HRBrC was found for stratocumulus (−63 ± 6 and −58 ± 4 %, respectively) and altostratus (−78 ± 5 and −73 ± 4 %, respectively), although the highest impact was found to be associated to stratus that suppressed the HRBC and HRBrC by −85 ± 5 and −83 ± 3 %, respectively. Additionally, the cloud influence on the radiation spectrum that interacts with the absorbing aerosol was investigated. Black and brown carbon (BC and BrC) have different spectral responses (a different absorption Angstrom exponent, AAE) and our results show that the presence of clouds causes a greater decrease for the HRBC with respect to to HRBrC going clear sky to complete overcast conditions; the observed the difference is 12 ± 6 %. This means that, compared to BC, BrC is more efficient in heating the surrounding atmosphere in cloudy conditions than in clear sky. Overall, this study extends the results of a previous work (Ferrero et al., 2018), highlighting the need to take into account both the role of cloudiness and of different cloud types to better estimate the HR associated to both BC and BrC, and in turn decrease the uncertainties associated to the quantification of the impact of these species on radiation and climate.

Analysis of Different Solar Spectral Irradiance Reconstructions and Their Impact on Solar Heating Rates

Solar Physics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 289 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thuillier ◽  
S. M. L. Melo ◽  
J. Lean ◽  
N. A. Krivova ◽  
C. Bolduc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Heating ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Solar Spectral Irradiance
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document