scholarly journals Characterization of Crustal and Uppermost‐Mantle Seismic Discontinuities in the Ontong Java Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 7155-7170 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tonegawa ◽  
S. Miura ◽  
A. Ishikawa ◽  
T. Sano ◽  
D. Suetsugu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uppermost Mantle ◽  
Ontong Java Plateau ◽  
Seismic Discontinuities

ChannelSeg3D: channel simulation and deep learning for channel interpretation in 3D seismic images

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-50
Author(s):  
Hang Gao ◽  
Xinming Wu ◽  
Guofeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Channel Models ◽  
Meandering Channel ◽  
Seismic Discontinuities ◽  
Seismic Volumes ◽  
Seismic Images ◽  
Channel Structures

Seismic channel interpretation involves detecting channel structures which often appear as meandering shapes in 3D seismic images. Many conventional methods are proposed for delineating channel structures using different seismic attributes. However, these methods are often sensitive to seismic discontinuities (e.g., noise and faults) that are not related to channels. We propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) method to improve the automatic channel interpretation. The key problem in applying the CNNs method into channel interpretation is the absence of the labeled field seismic images for training the CNNs. To solve this problem, we propose a workflow to automatically generate numerous synthetic training datasets with realistic channel structures. In this workflow, we first randomly simulate various meandering channel models based on geological numerical simulation. We further simulate structural deformation in the form of stratigraphic folding referred to as “folding structures” and combine them with the previously generated channel models to create reflectivity models and the corresponding channel labels. Convolved with a wavelet, the reflectivity models can be transformed into learnable synthetic seismic volumes. By training the designed CNN with synthetic seismic data, we obtain a CNN which learns the characterization of channel structures. Although trained on only synthetic seismic volumes, this CNN shows an outstanding performance on field seismic volumes. This indicates that the synthetic seismic images created in this workflow are realistic enough to train the CNN for channel interpretation in field seismic images.

scholarly journals Integrated geological-geophysical characterization of the zone of the Kherson—Smolensk transregional tectonic suture — deep long-lived magma- and fluid-conducting channel

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
I. K. Pashkevich ◽  
O. M. Rusakov
Keyword(s):  
Precambrian Basement ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Mantle Heterogeneity ◽  
Uppermost Mantle ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Conducting Channel ◽  
Crystalline Crust ◽  
Dss Data ◽  
Geophysical Characterization

The transregional Kherson—Smolensk suture has been established to be located between large meridional faults of the crystalline crust of the Ukrainian Shield (USh) in a strip of 50—70 km width and separates two microplates of different composition of the Precambrian basement. It is traced by subcrustal mantle heterogeneity in the lithosphere and a change in the relief of the main geodynamic boundary. The suture controls the USh large multiphase magmatic massifs and manifestation of the basic mafic magmatism in the Dniepr-Donets Depressin (DDD), which age decreases from south to north from the Early Proterozoic in the shield to the Devonian in the depression. On both sides of it, the crystalline crust differs in a set of parameters including a zone of low velocities in the area of the Novokonstantinovsky ore field of the USh to the east of the Kherson—Smolensk suture, where from DSS data its maximum thickness is 10—15 km in the upper crust. It appears to bea source of abiogenic hydrogen manifestations recorded by mining operations on this field. The Kherson—Smolensk suture, being a transregional mantle feature, unites the existing hydrocarbon manifestation in the USh with the promising hydrocarbon areas of the DDD. The inhomogeneities of the crystalline crust and the uppermost mantle give strong evidences to classify reasonably the transregional tectonic suture Kherson—Smolensk as a powerful mantle long-lived magmatic and fluid-conducting channel. Ores hows and modern degassing of methane are related to it, with methane beingmain greenhouse gas.

Characterization of hydration in the mantle lithosphere: Peridotite xenoliths from the Ontong Java Plateau as an example

Lithos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 212-215 ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Demouchy ◽  
Akira Ishikawa ◽  
Andréa Tommasi ◽  
Olivier Alard ◽  
Shantanu Keshav
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Lithosphere ◽  
Ontong Java Plateau ◽  
Peridotite Xenoliths

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

Characterization of Coherent, Ordered Precipitates in Nickel-Base Alloys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
B. H. Kear ◽  
J. M. Oblak
Keyword(s):  
Stable Phase ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Alloy 718 ◽  
Commercial Alloy ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Continuous Precipitation ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Base Superalloy ◽  
Strengthening Precipitate

A nickel-base superalloy is essentially a Ni/Cr solid solution hardened by additions of Al (Ti, Nb, etc.) to precipitate a coherent, ordered phase. In most commercial alloy systems, e.g. B-1900, IN-100 and Mar-M200, the stable precipitate is Ni3 (Al,Ti) γ′, with an LI2structure. In A lloy 901 the normal precipitate is metastable Nis Ti3 γ′ ; the stable phase is a hexagonal Do2 4 structure. In Alloy 718 the strengthening precipitate is metastable γ″, which has a body-centered tetragonal D022 structure.Precipitate MorphologyIn most systems the ordered γ′ phase forms by a continuous precipitation re-action, which gives rise to a uniform intragranular dispersion of precipitate particles. For zero γ/γ′ misfit, the γ′ precipitates assume a spheroidal.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Some applications of electron beam microanalysis techniques in VLSI process evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Simon Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Characterization Of Materials ◽  
Circuits Vlsi

Trends in the technology development of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI) have been in the direction of higher density of components with smaller dimensions. The scaling down of device dimensions has been not only laterally but also in depth. Such efforts in miniaturization bring with them new developments in materials and processing. Successful implementation of these efforts is, to a large extent, dependent on the proper understanding of the material properties, process technologies and reliability issues, through adequate analytical studies. The analytical instrumentation technology has, fortunately, kept pace with the basic requirements of devices with lateral dimensions in the micron/ submicron range and depths of the order of nonometers. Often, newer analytical techniques have emerged or the more conventional techniques have been adapted to meet the more stringent requirements. As such, a variety of analytical techniques are available today to aid an analyst in the efforts of VLSI process evaluation. Generally such analytical efforts are divided into the characterization of materials, evaluation of processing steps and the analysis of failures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document