Dynamic Rupture Simulation Reproduces Spontaneous Multifault Rupture and Arrest During the 2016 M w 7.9 Kaikoura Earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Ando ◽  
Yoshihiro Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Dynamic Rupture Simulation ◽  
Kaikoura Earthquake

Curved slickenlines preserve direction of rupture propagation

Geology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 838-842
Author(s):  
Jesse Kearse ◽  
Yoshihiro Kaneko ◽  
Tim Little ◽  
Russ Van Dissen
Keyword(s):  
Cohesive Zone ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Rupture Propagation ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Slip Direction ◽  
Rupture Dynamics ◽  
Earthquake Rupture Dynamics ◽  
Kaikoura Earthquake ◽  
Rupture Direction ◽  
Dextral Strike Slip

Abstract Slip-parallel grooves (striations) on fault surfaces are considered a robust indicator of fault slip direction, yet their potential for recording aspects of earthquake rupture dynamics has received little attention. During the 2016 Kaikōura earthquake (South Island, New Zealand), >10 m of dextral strike-slip on the steeply dipping Kekerengu fault exhumed >200 m2 of fresh fault exposure (free faces) where it crossed bedrock canyons. Inscribed upon these surfaces, we observed individual striae up to 6 m long, all of which had formed during the earthquake. These were typically curved. Using simulations of spontaneous dynamic rupture on a vertical strike-slip fault, we reproduce the curved morphology of striae on the Kekerengu fault. Assuming strike-slip pre-stress, our models demonstrate that vertical tractions induced by slip in the so-called cohesive zone result in transient changes in slip direction. We show that slip-path convexity is sensitive to the direction of rupture propagation. To match the convexity of striae formed in 2016 requires the rupture to have propagated in a northeast direction, a prediction that matches the known rupture direction of the Kaikōura earthquake. Our study highlights the potential for fault striae to record aspects of rupture dynamics, including the rupture direction of paleo strike-slip earthquakes.

scholarly journals Dynamic rupture simulation of 2018, Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake: role of non-planar geometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Hisakawa ◽  
Ryosuke Ando ◽  
Tomoko Elizabeth Yano ◽  
Makoto Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Planar Geometry ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Dynamic Rupture Simulation

On the Free‐Surface Problem in Dynamic‐Rupture Simulation of a Nonplanar Fault

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 1162-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenguo Zhang ◽  
Hanqing Huang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiaofei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Dynamic Rupture Simulation

scholarly journals On the depth-dependent stress accumulation for earthquake generation process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Aochi ◽  
Kenichi Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Seismogenic Zone ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Earthquake Generation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dynamic Rupture Simulation ◽  
Stress Accumulation

<p>Dynamic rupture simulation of an earthquake mostly aims at a characteristic event, which may rupture the entire seismogenic zone of a fault system, perhaps reaching the ground surface. However, hazardous earthquakes sometimes occur along a part of the depths of a fault. Many questions arise why only this particular depth does rupture and whether the surrounding part remains hazardous. Previously, Aochi (GJI, 2018) has considered a depth-dependent stress accumulation for emphasizing the difference of reverse and normal faults under the hypothesis that stress is sufficiently and uniformly charged at all depths. We probably need to revise this hypothesis and the partially charged fault along depth would be more suitable for explaining the given question. By developing the previous simulations by Aochi (GJI, 2018), we carry out numerical simulations for demonstrating the importance of the depth-dependent stress accumulation.   </p>

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