Near-Real-Time Estimates on Earthquake Rupture Directivity Using Near-Field Ground Motion Data From a Dense Low-Cost Seismic Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (15) ◽  
pp. 7496-7503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyh Cherng Jan ◽  
Hsin-Hua Huang ◽  
Yih-Min Wu ◽  
Chien-Chih Chen ◽  
Cheng-Horng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
Rupture Directivity ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Time Estimates

Rapid Detection of Earthquake Rupture Directivity Using Strong Ground Motion Data in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Feng Wu ◽  
Ting-Li Lin ◽  
Ying-Chi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
Rupture Directivity ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Directivity Effect ◽  
Source Studies

<p>In the past decade, there have been several disaster earthquakes occurred in Taiwan.<br>From the observed data of the disaster earthquakes, the stations located in the source<br>rupture direction have obvious directivity pulses, and the distribution of the earthquake<br>disaster is related to the peak ground velocity. Therefore, how to use a large and high-<br>dense seismic database to develop a near-real-time detection system on the earthquake<br>rupture directivity, which is a very important task in Taiwan. In this study, we determine<br>the earthquake rupture directivity using near-field velocity data from 1991 to 2018, which<br>were collected under the Taiwan Strong Motion Instrument Program (TSMIP). The used<br>method is mainly constructed in the interpolation of the peak-ground-velocity map and<br>the directional attenuation regression analysis. Through the analysis of moderate-to-large<br>magnitude (M L > 5.5) seismic events, the source rupture directivity can be detected<br>effectively and quickly by the applied method. The detection results are also comparable<br>with those from the previous source studies. We also find out a linear relationship between<br>the directivity effect and earthquake magnitude. Since the TSMIP station may provide<br>real-time services in the future, the detection system proposed by this research can quickly<br>provide disaster prediction information, which is of great importance for earthquake<br>emergency response and hazard mitigation.</p>

NFC-Capable Mobile Devices for Mobile Payment Services

2007 ◽  
pp. 706-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karnouskos
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Mobile Payments ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Interesting Candidate ◽  
Service Oriented

An old saying coming from the telecom world states that nothing can be really considered as a service unless you are able to charge for it. As we move towards a service-oriented society, the necessity to pay in real time for a variety of services via different channels anywhere, anytime, in any currency increases. According to Gartner (www.gartner.com), worldwide mobile phone sales totaled 816.6 million units in 2005, a 21% increase from 2004. Due to the high penetration rates of the mobile devices, they pose an interesting candidate for the real-time payment scenarios. Several efforts have already been done (Karnouskos, 2004), but as new technology comes aboard, new capabilities are also brought along. Near Field Communication (NFC) is such a technology, which due to the industry support and its low cost (in comparison with similar ones) may become dominant in short-range communication among a variety of devices, including mobile phones. NFC is well equipped in order to facilitate mobile payments with little interference from the user side.

scholarly journals Variability of Near-Field Ground Motion from Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Simulations

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 1207-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ripperger ◽  
P. M. Mai ◽  
J.-P. Ampuero
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Earthquake Rupture

Development of Qube: A Low-Cost Internet of Things Device for On-Site and Regional Earthquake Warning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivien He
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Seismic Network ◽  
Motion Velocity ◽  
Local Earthquake ◽  
Local Earthquake Magnitude

Abstract Earthquakes are a major global risk. The current earthquake early warning systems based on public seismic stations face challenges such as high cost, low density, high latency, no alert zone, and difficulty in predicting ground motions at the location of the user. This article pursues an alternative consumer-based approach. An Internet of Things consumer device, called a “Qube,” was built for a cost below $100 and is about the size of a Rubik’s cube. The Qube successfully detected earthquakes and issued earthquake warnings through sounding the onboard alarm for on-site warning and sending text messages to local subscribers for regional warning. The Qube is highly sensitive. During nine months of testing from September 2020 to May 2021, it detected all earthquakes over M 3.0 magnitude around Los Angeles, as well as nearby earthquakes down to M 2.3. The Qube uses a geophone for ground-motion velocity sensing and captures earthquake waveforms consistent with a nearby broadband seismometer in the Southern California Seismic Network. By analyzing data of the earthquakes detected by the Qube, an empirical logarithmic formula that is used to estimate local earthquake magnitude based on detected ground-motion amplitude in digital counts was developed. Although the Qube’s response in digital counts to ground-motion velocity in μm/s has not been determined, the empirical formula between Qube’s output and local earthquake magnitude suggests the Qube’s consistency in ground-motion measurement. The Qube has Wi-Fi connectivity and is controllable via a smartphone or computer. The combination of low cost, high sensitivity, and integrated alarm function of the Qube is intended to enable a consumer-based approach with the potential for mass adoption and use in dense networks, creating new opportunities for seismic network, earthquake warning, and educational applications.

The SMART I Accelerograph Array (1980-1987): A Review

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Abrahamson ◽  
B. A. Bolt ◽  
R. B. Darragh ◽  
J. Penzien ◽  
Y. B. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
Transform Faults ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Time Histories

SMART 1 is the first large digital array of strong-motion seismographs specially designed for engineering and seismological studies of the generation and near-field properties of earthquakes. Since the array began operation in September 1980, it has recorded over 3000 accelerogram traces from 48 earthquakes ranging in local magnitude ( ML) from 3.6 to 7.0. Peak ground accelerations have been recorded up to 0.33g and 0.34g on the horizontal and vertical components, respectively. Epicentral distances have ranged from 3 km 200 km from the array center, and focal depths have ranged from shallow to 100 km. The recorded earthquakes had both reverse and strike-slip focal mechanisms associated with the subduction zone and transform faults. These high quality, digital, ground motions provide a varied resource for earthquake engineering research. Earthquake engineering studies of the SMART 1 ground motion data have led to advances in knowledge in several cases: for example, on frequency-dependent incoherency of free-surface ground motions over short distances, on response of linear systems to multiple support excitations, on attenuation of peak ground-motion parameters and response spectra, on site torsion and phasing effects, and on the identification of wave types. Accelerograms from individual strong-motion seismographs do not, in general, provide such information. This review describes the SMART 1 array and the recorded earthquakes with special engineering applications. Also, it tabulates the unfiltered peak array accelerations, displays some of the recorded ground motion time histories, and summarizes the main engineering research that has made use of SMART 1 data.

A Neural Network for Automated Quality Screening of Ground Motion Records from Small Magnitude Earthquakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1637-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Bellagamba ◽  
Robin Lee ◽  
Brendon A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Feedforward Neural Networks ◽  
Earthquake Ground Motion ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Motion Data ◽  
Motion Models ◽  
Ground Motion Records

The ambitious scopes of recent earthquake ground motion studies are generating a need for more high-quality ground motion records. As the number of deployed sensors is rapidly growing through improved accessibility and cost (e.g., ground motion stations, low-cost accelerometers, smart phones), an exponentially increasing amount of data are being generated. Previously, quality-assured ground motion data sets for engineering applications were generated using both manual and automated quality screening methodologies. More recently, new techniques have emerged that potentially offer both improved classification accuracy and computational expediency. This work presents a machine learning–oriented method to facilitate and accelerate the quality classification of ground motion records from small magnitude earthquakes. Feedforward neural networks are selected for their ability to efficiently recognize patterns and are trained on two New Zealand data sets. An application to physics-based ground motion simulation validation indicates that the proposed approach delivers results that are comparable with manual quality selection. Robust automatic ground motion quality screening allows a significant increase in data set size for development, calibration, and validation of ground motion models.

Impact of RFID and Xbee Communication Network on Supply Chain Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 983-987
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmed ◽  
Khalid Hasnan ◽  
Badrul Aisham ◽  
Qadir Bakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
The Impact

Every industry, organization or individual needs to be minimize their expenditure, time and fatigue and maximize their profit in supply chain. These goals can be achieved through automation by using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Zigbee wireless communication technologies, which is easily available in the market. Basically RFID technology is used for automatically tracking, locating or identifying the entities. It can easily integrate with low cost low power consumption Xbee (Zigbee) device, which is used to increase the communication range by large number of node deployment. RFID-Xbee network integrates with Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) Graphical User Interface (GUI), which gives real time information of supply chain at single control panel. The integrated communication model proves the near field inductive coupling and can be used in supermarket for item pricing, office automation, security system, and car parking. This system confirms the concept of real-time locating system (RTLS) in an indoor environment. The impact of RFID and Xbee network communication model enhance the read range of RFID reader, so that out of range items can be tracked easily without additional RFID readers. The benefit of this system is to maximize profit, reduce human intervention and minimize waste.

scholarly journals The ShakeMaps of the Amatrice, M6, earthquake

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Licia Faenza ◽  
Valentino Lauciani ◽  
Alberto Michelini
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Main Shock ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Strong Motion ◽  
Rupture Directivity ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Motion Data

In this paper we describe the performance of the ShakeMap software package and the fully automatic procedure, based on manually revised location and magnitude, during the main event of the Amatrice sequence with special emphasis to the M6 main shock, that struck central Italy on the 24th August 2016 at 1:36:32 UTC. Our results show that the procedure we developed in the last years, with real-time data exchange among those institutions acquiring strong motion data, allows to provide a faithful description of the ground motion experienced throughout a large region in and around the epicentral  area. The prompt availability of the rupture fault model, within three hours after the earthquake occurrence, provided a better descriptions of the level of strong ground motion throughout the affected area.  Progressive addition of  station data and  manual verification of the data insures improvements in the description of the experienced ground motions.  In particular, comparison between the MCS intensity shakemaps and preliminary field macroseismic reports show favourable similarities.  Finally the overall  spatial pattern of the ground motion of the main shock is consistent with reported rupture directivity toward NW and reduced levels of ground shaking toward SW probably linked to the peculiar source effects of the earthquake.

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