scholarly journals The role of triggering by static stress transfer during geothermal reservoir stimulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (B9) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schoenball ◽  
C. Baujard ◽  
T. Kohl ◽  
L. Dorbath
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Geothermal Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Stimulation

scholarly journals Earthquake static stress transfer in the 2013 Valencia Gulf (Spain) seismic sequence

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluis Salo ◽  
Tanit Frontera ◽  
Xavier Goula ◽  
Lluis Pujades ◽  
Alberto Ledesma
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Underground Gas Storage ◽  
Focal Mechanism Solutions ◽  
Coulomb Failure ◽  
Final Stress ◽  
Static Stress Change

Abstract. On September 24th, 2013, a ML 3.6 earthquake struck in Valencia Gulf (Spain), near the Mediterranean coast of Castellon, roughly a week after the gas injections conducted in the area to develop an Underground Gas Storage had been halted. The event, felt by the nearby population, led to a sequence build-up of felt events which reached a maximum of ML 4.3 on October 2nd. Here, we study the role of static stress change as an earthquake triggering mechanism during the sequence, and provide quantitative assessment of the known faults final stress state. By means of the Coulomb Failure Function, the evolution of static stress is quantified both on fault planes derived from focal mechanism solutions (which act as source and receiver faults), and on the previously mapped structures in the area (receiver faults). Results show that static stress transfer could have acted as a partial trigger, and point towards an ESE-dipping structure as the most likely to have been activated during the sequence. Based on this approach, the influence of the studied events in the occurrence of future and potentially damaging earthquakes in the area would be, at most, of second order.

scholarly journals Earthquake static stress transfer in the 2013 Gulf of Valencia (Spain) seismic sequence

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Saló ◽  
Tànit Frontera ◽  
Xavier Goula ◽  
Luis G. Pujades ◽  
Alberto Ledesma
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Underground Gas Storage ◽  
Focal Mechanism Solutions ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Coulomb Failure ◽  
As Stress

Abstract. On 24 September 2013, an Ml 3.6 earthquake struck in the Gulf of Valencia (Spain) near the Mediterranean coast of Castelló, roughly 1 week after gas injections conducted in the area to develop underground gas storage had been halted. The event, felt by the nearby population, led to a sequence build-up of felt events which reached a maximum of Ml 4.3 on 2 October.Here, we study the role of static stress transfer as an earthquake-triggering mechanism during the main phase of the sequence, as expressed by the eight felt events. By means of the Coulomb failure function, cumulative static stress changes are quantified on fault planes derived from focal mechanism solutions (which act as both source and receiver faults) and on the previously mapped structures in the area (acting only as stress receivers in our modeling). Results suggest that static stress transfer played a destabilizing role and point towards an SE-dipping structure underlying the reservoir (or various with analogous geometry) that was most likely activated during the sequence. One of the previously mapped faults could be geometrically compatible, yet our study supports deeper sources. Based on this approach, the influence of the main events in the occurrence of future and potentially damaging earthquakes in the area would not be significant.

A New Technique to Calculate Earthquake Stress Transfer and to Probe the Physics of Aftershocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 863-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Segou ◽  
Tom Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Principle ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Stress Change ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Triggered Earthquakes ◽  
Stress Changes

ABSTRACT Coseismic stress changes have been the primary physical principle used to explain aftershocks and triggered earthquakes. However, this method does not adequately forecast earthquake rates and diverse rupture populations when subjected to formal testing. We show that earthquake forecasts can be impaired by assumptions made in physics-based models such as the existence of hypothetical optimal faults and regional scale invariability of the stress field. We compare calculations made under these assumptions along with different realizations of a new conceptual triggering model that features a complete assay of all possible ruptures. In this concept, there always exists a set of theoretical planes that has positive failure stress conditions under a combination of background and coseismic static stress change. In the Earth, all of these theoretical planes may not exist, and if they do, they may not be ready to fail. Thus, the actual aftershock plane may not correspond to the plane with the maximum stress change value. This is consistent with observations that mainshocks commonly activate faults with exotic orientations and rakes. Our testing ground is the M 7.2, 2010 El Mayor–Cucapah earthquake sequence that activated multiple diverse fault populations across the United States–Mexico border in California and Baja California. We carry out a retrospective test involving 748 M≥3.0 triggered earthquakes that occurred during a 3 yr period after the mainshock. We find that a probabilistic expression of possible aftershock planes constrained by premainshock rupture patterns is strongly favored (89% of aftershocks consistent with static stress triggering) versus an optimal fault implementation (35% consistent). Results show that coseismic stress change magnitudes do not necessarily control earthquake triggering, instead we find that the summed background stress and coseismic stress change promotes diverse ruptures. Our model can thus explain earthquake triggering in regions where optimal plane mapping shows coseismic stress reduction.

scholarly journals Some Key Aspects in the Mechanics of Stress Transfer Between SRG and Masonry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7303
Author(s):  
Giulia Baietti ◽  
Tommaso D’Antino ◽  
Christian Carloni
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Direct Shear Tests ◽  
Frp Composites ◽  
Mortar Matrix

The use of composite materials to strengthen masonry structures has become common practice within the civil engineering community. Steel-reinforced grout (SRG), which comprises high-strength steel fibers embedded in a mortar matrix, is part of the family of the fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites that represent a suitable alternative to fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for strengthening existing structures. Although studies on FRCMs have already reached a certain level of maturity, some key issues remain open, such as the role of matrix type and layout, substrate properties, and test rate. This paper focuses on some of these issues. The results of single-lap direct shear tests on masonry blocks strengthened with SRGs are presented to analyze the bond behavior between the composite material and the substrate. Four aspects are considered: (1) the change in the width of the SRG mortar matrix while keeping the width of the fiber sheet fixed; (2) the type of mortar used for the SRG; (3) the influence of the test rate, and (4) the type of substrate (i.e., concrete vs. masonry). The results obtained indicate the active role of the matrix layout and the importance of the test rate, encouraging further investigations to clarify these aspects.

scholarly journals Erratum to: The Lemnos 8 January 2013 (M w=5.7) earthquake: fault slip, aftershock properties and static stress transfer modeling in the north Aegean Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-273
Author(s):  
Athanassios Ganas ◽  
Zafeiria Roumelioti ◽  
Vassilios Karastathis ◽  
Konstantinos Chousianitis ◽  
Alexandra Moshou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Fault Slip ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Earthquake Fault ◽  
The North ◽  
North Aegean ◽  
North Aegean Sea

scholarly journals Assessing the role of stress transfer on aftershock locations

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (B11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Lasocki ◽  
Vassilis G. Karakostas ◽  
Eleftheria E. Papadimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Stress Transfer
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