Modeling Abrupt Climate Change as the Interaction Between Sea Ice Extent and Mean Ocean Temperature Under Orbital Insolation Forcing

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rial ◽  
R. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Abrupt Climate Change ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Insolation Forcing

Last Glacial Maximum Antarctic sea ice linked with global mean ocean temperature: evidence from PMIP3, PMIP4 and MIROC-4m simulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Vadsaria ◽  
Sam Sherriff-Tadano ◽  
Ayako Abe-Ouchi ◽  
Takashi Obase ◽  
Wing-Le Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Antarctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Antarctic

<p>Southern Ocean sea ice and oceanic fronts are known to play an important role on the climate system, carbon cycles, bottom ocean circulation, and Antarctic ice sheet. However, many models of the previous Past-climate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP) underestimated sea-ice extent (SIE) for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)(Roche et al., 2012; Marzocchi and Jensen, 2017), mainly because of surface bias (Flato et al., 2013) that may have an impact on mean ocean temperature (MOT). Indeed, recent studies further suggest an important link between Southern Ocean sea ice and mean ocean temperature (Ferrari et al., 2014; Bereiter et al., 2018 among others). Misrepresent the Antarctic sea-ice extent could highly impact deep ocean circulation, the heat transport and thus the MOT. In this study, we will stress the relationship between the distribution of Antarctic sea-ice extent and the MOT through the analysis of the PMIP3 and PMIP4 exercise and by using a set of MIROC models. To date, the latest version of MIROC improve its representation of the LGM Antarctic sea-ice extent, affecting the deep circulation and the MOT distribution (Sherriff-Tadano et al., under review).</p><p>Our results show that available PMIP4 models have an overall improvement in term of LGM sea-ice extent compared to PMIP3, associated to colder deep and bottom ocean temperature. Focusing on MIROC (4m) models, we show that models accounting for Southern Ocean sea-surface temperature (SST) bias correction reproduce an Antarctic sea-ice extent, 2D-distribution, and seasonal amplitude in good agreement with proxy-based data. Finally, using PMIP-MIROC analyze, we show that it exists a relationship between the maximum SIE and the MOT, modulated by the Antarctic intermediate and bottom waters.</p>

scholarly journals Ice-Core Evidence For Weddell Sea Ice Extent During The Past 200 Years

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
R. Mulvaney ◽  
A.P. Reid ◽  
D A. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
The Core

A continuous, detailed, 200-years record of the anionic species, chloride, nitrate and sulphate, has been measured on an ice core from Dolleman Island (70°35.2′ S, 60°55.5′ W), Antarctic Peninsula. The site lies on the east coast of the Peninsula, and the chemistry of the core is dominated by the changing pattern of sea-ice distribution and storm activity in the Wed dell Sea. Strong annual cycles in chloride and non sea salt sulphate reflect the dominance of the seasonal cycle in sea-ice distribution in the Weddell Sea, observed in time series derived from satellite imagery since the early 1970s. However, in the case of chloride there is also an exceptionally strong interannual variability, which in many parts of the core dominates the seasonal cycle. Secular variations in the sea-ice extent appear to have a strong influence on the climate of the region and may play a major role in determining how long-term climate change in the Antarctic Peninsula relates to global climate change. The paper examines documented evidence for sea-ice extent in the Weddell Sea sector, and evaluates the usefulness of ice-core data for reconstructing this parameter in the earlier period.

Sea ice metadata for Billefjorden and Grnfjorden, Svalbard

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris V. Ivanov ◽  
Pavel N. Sviashchennikov ◽  
Danila M. Zhuravskiy ◽  
Alexey K. Pavlov ◽  
Eirik J. Frland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Sea Transport ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Antarctic Research Institute ◽  
Instrumental Observations ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Antarctic Research

Description of sea ice conditions in the fjords of Svalbard is crucial for sea transport as well as studies of local climate and climate change. Old observations from the Russian Hydrometeorological stations in the mining settlements Barentsburg (Grnfjorden) and Pyramiden (Billefjorden) have now been digitized. These visual and instrumental observations are archived in the State Archive of Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) and Murmansk Branch of the Russian Hydrometeorological Service. In this paper, we bring an overview of the sea ice metadata with few examples of yearly changes in sea ice extent.

Early Holocene history of the Zachariae Ice Stream, NE Greenland: Evidence from geochemistry, grain size and sedimentary parameters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Davies ◽  
Anders Møller Mathiase ◽  
Christof Pearce ◽  
Marit-Solveig Seidenkrantz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cold Surface ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Arctic Sea

<p>The Arctic region exhibits some of the most visible signs of climate change globally. Arctic sea ice extent and volume has been declining sharply in recent decades; observations indicate a mean annual decrease of 3.2% since 1980. However, no extensive network of sea ice observations extends back further than the mid-18<sup>th</sup> century and satellite data since the late 1970s; this limits perspectives of sea ice variability on longer time scales. Thus, to understand the processes governing sea-ice cover and variability, predict how sea ice and ocean conditions will respond to anthropogenic climate change and to understand if the shrinking of Arctic sea ice is a unique and irreversible process, longer records of sea ice variability and oceanic conditions are required.</p><p>A multi-proxy approach, involving grain size, geochemical, foraminifera and sedimentary analysis, was applied to a marine sediment core from North East Greenland to reconstruct changes in sea ice extent and palaeoceanographic conditions throughout the early Holocene (ca. 12,400-7,800 cal. yrs. BP). The study aimed to improve the understanding of the interaction between ocean circulation, sea ice and fluctuations of the Zachariae Isstrøm (ZI), one of the main glacier outlets of NE Greenland. Four distinct zones have been identified: Zone 1 (12,400-11,600 cal. yrs. BP) covering the transition from the Younger Dryas into the Holocene which evidences a gradually warming climate, resulting in a retreat of the ZI; Zone 2 (11,600 – 10,300 cal. yrs. BP) which encapsulates two distinct cooling events as a result of cooler surface waters, rapid release of freshwater and local feedback mechanisms. This coincides with sudden re-advances of the ZI followed by gradual retreats; 3) Zone 3 (10,300 – 8,600 cal. yrs. BP) shows warm and stable conditions, with warm surface waters that resulted in the retreat of the ZI; 4) Zone 4 (8,600 – 7,800 cal. yrs. BP) which shows a rapid return to cooler conditions, with cold surface waters and rapid freshwater outbursts resulting in the re-advance of the ZI, forced by decreasing solar insolation and cold surface waters. Our investigation thus indicated that changes in oceanic conditions at the NE Greenland shelf had a significant impact on the extent and melting rate of the ZI glacier.</p>

scholarly journals The Record Low Bering Sea Ice Extent in 2018: Context, Impacts, and an Assessment of the Role of Anthropogenic Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. S53-S58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Thoman ◽  
Uma S. Bhatt ◽  
Peter A. Bieniek ◽  
Brian R. Brettschneider ◽  
Michael Brubaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice Extent

Monitoring and Assessing Arctic Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Otto Reiersen ◽  
Robert W. Corell
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
The North ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Arctic Climate Change ◽  
Global Systems

This overview of climate observation, monitoring, and research for the Arctic region outlines the key elements essential to an enhanced understanding of the unprecedented climate change in the region and its global influences. The first recorded observation of sea ice extent around Svalbard date back to the whaling activities around 1600. Over the following 300 years there are periodic and inadequate observations of climate and sea ice from explorers seeking a northern sea route for sailing to Asia or reaching the North Pole. Around 1900 there were few fixed meteorological stations in the circumpolar North. During the Second World War and the following Cold War, the observation network increased significantly due to military interest. Since the 1970s the use of satellites has improved the climate and meteorological observations of Arctic areas, and advancements in marine observations (beneath the sea surface and within oceanic sediments) have contributed to a much improved network of climate and meteorological variables. Climate change in the Arctic and its possible effects within the Arctic and on global climate such as extreme weather and sea level rise were first reported in the ACIA 2005 report. Since then there has been a lot of climate-related assessments based on data from the Arctic and ongoing processes within the Arctic that are linked to global systems.

scholarly journals Ice-Core Evidence For Weddell Sea Ice Extent During The Past 200 Years

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 350-350
Author(s):  
R. Mulvaney ◽  
A.P. Reid ◽  
D A. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
The Core

A continuous, detailed, 200-years record of the anionic species, chloride, nitrate and sulphate, has been measured on an ice core from Dolleman Island (70°35.2′ S, 60°55.5′ W), Antarctic Peninsula. The site lies on the east coast of the Peninsula, and the chemistry of the core is dominated by the changing pattern of sea-ice distribution and storm activity in the Wed dell Sea. Strong annual cycles in chloride and non sea salt sulphate reflect the dominance of the seasonal cycle in sea-ice distribution in the Weddell Sea, observed in time series derived from satellite imagery since the early 1970s. However, in the case of chloride there is also an exceptionally strong interannual variability, which in many parts of the core dominates the seasonal cycle.Secular variations in the sea-ice extent appear to have a strong influence on the climate of the region and may play a major role in determining how long-term climate change in the Antarctic Peninsula relates to global climate change. The paper examines documented evidence for sea-ice extent in the Weddell Sea sector, and evaluates the usefulness of ice-core data for reconstructing this parameter in the earlier period.

Hypertemporal analysis of remotely sensed sea-ice data for climate change studies

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Piwowar ◽  
Ellsworth F. LeDrew
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Ice

Climatologists have speculated that a spatially coherent pattern of high-latitude temperature trends could be an early indicator of climatic change. The sensitivity of sea ice to the temperature of the overlying air suggests the possibility that trends in Arctic ice conditions may be useful proxy indicators of general climatic changes. Aspects of the north-polar ice pack which have been identified as key parameters to be monitored include ice extent, concentration, type, thickness and motion dynamics. In spite of the considerable interannual, regional and seasonal variations exhibited by these data, there may be some evidence of an emerging trend towards decreasing ice extent and concentration. Collecting data in such a remote and harsh environment to support these analyses is only possible through satellite remote sensing. Remote sensing in the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is particularly relevant for polar applications because microwaves are capable of penetrating the atmosphere under virtually all conditions and are not dependent on the sun as a source of illumination. In particular, analyses of passive microwave imagery can provide us with daily information on sea-ice extent, type, concentration, dynamics and melt onset. A historical record of Arctic imagery from orbiting passive microwave sensors starting from 1973 provides us with an excellent data source for climate change studies. The development of analysis tools to support large area monitoring is integral to advancing global change research. The critical need is to create techniques which highlight the space-time relationships in the data rather than simply displaying voluminous quantities of data. In particular, hypertemporal image analysis techniques are required to help find anticipated trends and to discover unexpected or anomalous temporal relationships. Direct hypertemporal classification, principal components analysis and spatial time-series analysis are identified as three primary techniques for enhancing change in temporal image sequences. There is still a need for the development of new tools for spatial- temporal modelling.

scholarly journals Consistent Comparison of Remotely Sensed Sea Ice Concentration Products with ERA-Interim Reanalysis Data in Polar Regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2880
Author(s):  
Shuang Liang ◽  
Jiangyuan Zeng ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Dejing Qiao ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Climate Change Research ◽  
Ice Concentration

Sea ice concentration (SIC) plays a significant role in climate change research and ship’s navigation in polar regions. Satellite-based SIC products have become increasingly abundant in recent years; however, the uncertainty of these products still exists and needs to be further investigated. To comprehensively evaluate the consistency of the SIC derived from different SIC algorithms in long time series and the whole polar regions, we compared four passive microwave (PM) satellite SIC products with the ERA-Interim sea ice fraction dataset during the period of 2015–2018. The PM SIC products include the SSMIS/ASI, AMSR2/BT, the Chinese FY3B/NT2, and FY3C/NT2. The results show that the remotely sensed SIC products derived from different SIC algorithms are generally in good consistency. The spatial and temporal distribution of discrepancy among satellite SIC products for both Arctic and Antarctic regions are also observed. The most noticeable difference for all the four SIC products mostly occurs in summer and at the marginal ice zone, indicating that large uncertainties exist in satellite SIC products in such period and areas. The SSMIS/ASI and AMSR2/BT show relatively better consistency with ERA-Interim in the Arctic and Antarctic, respectively, but they exhibit opposite bias (dry/wet) relative to the ERA-Interim data. The sea ice extent (SIE) and sea ice area (SIA) derived from PM and ERA-Interim SIC were also compared. It is found that the difference of PM SIE and SIA varies seasonally, which is in line with that of PM SIC, and the discrepancy between PM and ERA-Interim data is larger in Arctic than in Antarctic. We also noticed that different algorithms have different performances in different regions and periods; therefore, the hybrid of multiple algorithms is a promising way to improve the accuracy of SIC retrievals. It is expected that our findings can contribute to improving the satellite SIC algorithms and thus promote the application of these useful products in global climate change studies.

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