Building and Using Coupled Models for the Space Weather System: Lessons Learned

Space Weather ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Baker ◽  
Jack Quinn ◽  
Jeffrey Hughes ◽  
John Lyon ◽  
Jon Linker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Weather System

The Evolving Space Weather System-Van Allen Probes Contribution

Space Weather ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 577-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Zanetti ◽  
B. H. Mauk ◽  
N. J. Fox ◽  
R. J. Barnes ◽  
M. Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Weather System ◽  
Van Allen Probes

Towards an integrated model of the space weather system

2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 1241-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Jeffrey Hughes ◽  
Mary K. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Weather System

scholarly journals Improving the Medium-Term Forecasting of Space Weather: A Big Picture Review From a Solar Observer's Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos Vourlidas
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Space Weather Forecasting ◽  
Forecasting Performance ◽  
Big Picture ◽  
Holding Back

We have improved considerably our scientific understanding of the key solar drivers of Space Weather, i.e., Coronal Mass Ejections, flares, in the last 20+ years thanks to a plethora of space missions and modeling advances. Yet, a major breakthrough in assessing the geo-effectiveness of a given CME and associated phenomena still escapes us, holding back actionable medium-term (up to 7 days) forecasting of Space Weather. Why is that? I adopt a two-pronged approach to search for answers. First, I assess the last 20+ years of research on solar drivers by identifying lessons-learned and paradigm shifts in our view of solar activity, always in relation to Space Weather concerns. Then, I review the state of key observation-based quantities used in forecasting to isolate the choke points and research gaps that limit medium-term forecasting performance. Finally, I outline a path forward along three vectors—breakthrough capabilities, geo-effective potential, and actionable forecast—with the strongest potential to improve space weather forecasting horizon and robustness.

October-November 2003's space weather and operations lessons learned

Space Weather ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Barbieri ◽  
R. E. Mahmot
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Lessons Learned

scholarly journals A GOLDen Way to Study Space Weather

Eos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zastrow
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Weather System ◽  
Nasa Mission

A NASA mission is observing airglow in the upper atmosphere and uncovering what it tells us about Earth’s space weather system.

scholarly journals International Cooperation: A Brief History We've Experienced

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Wu ◽  
Qingjiang Bai ◽  
Yongjian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Space Weather ◽  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
International Space ◽  
Weather Observation

The solar-terrestrial space is of considerable significance for human activities. Since the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 was launched in 1957, more knowledge about the dynamic conditions of the space environment has been acquired. With growing dependence on modern technology — both in space and on the ground, the vulnerability of the modern society and its infrastructure to space weather has increased dramatically. To better understand, forecast and reduce the adverse effects of space weather, science programs on space weather always prioritize the measurement or acquisition of the data from different locations of the geo-space, such as in magnetopause, polar cusps, and the magnetic tail. For the ground observations, it is necessary to locate the instruments in different longitudes and latitudes. For a single country, it is impossible to cover all these observation points. Therefore, international cooperation is very much needed. The paper reviews some of the international space weather observation programs we have experienced at the system design level. It may provide lessons learned for the community that may enable such kind of cooperative programs in the future.

LOFAR4SpaceWeather (LOFAR4SW) – Increasing European Space-Weather Capability with Europe’s Largest Radio Telescope: Beyond the Detailed Design Review (DDR)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario M. Bisi ◽  
Mark Ruiter ◽  
Richard A. Fallows ◽  
René Vermeulen ◽  
Stuart C. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Radio Telescope ◽  
Space Weather ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Regular Space ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Weather System ◽  
Design Review ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Horizon 2020

<p>The Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) is an advanced phased-array radio-telescope system based across Europe.  It is capable of observing over a wide radio bandwidth of ~10-250 MHz at both high spatial and temporal resolutions.  LOFAR has capabilities that enable studies of many aspects of what we class as space weather (from the Sun to the Earth and afar) to be progressed beyond today’s state-of-the-art.   However, with the present setup and organisation behind the operations of the telescope, it can only be used for space-weather campaign studies with limited triggering availability.  This severely limits our ability to effectively use LOFAR to contribute to space-weather monitoring/forecast beyond its core strength of enabling world-leading scientific research.  LOFAR itself is made up of a dense core of 24 stations near Exloo in The Netherlands with an additional 14 stations spread across the northeast Netherlands.  In addition to those, there are a further 13 stations based internationally across Europe.  These international stations are, currently, six in Germany, three in northern Poland, and one each in France, Ireland, Latvia, Sweden, and the UK.  Further sites are under preparations (for example, in Italy).</p><p> </p><p>We are undertaking a Horizon 2020 (H2020) INFRADEV design study to undertake investigations into upgrading LOFAR to allow for regular space-weather science/monitoring observations in parallel with normal radio-astronomy/scientific operations.  This project is called the LOFAR For Space Weather (LOFAR4SW) project (see: http://lofar4sw.eu/).  Our work involves all aspects of scientific and engineering work along with end-user and political engagements with various stakeholders.  This is with the full recognition that space weather is a worldwide threat with varying local, regional, continent-wide impacts, and also global impacts – and hence is a global concern.</p><p> </p><p>Here, we summarise the most-recent key aspects of the LOFAR4SW progress including outputs/progress following the Detailed Design Review (DDR) that took place at ASTRON, The Netherlands, in March 2020, as well as the implementation of recommendations from the earlier Preliminary Design Review (PDR) with an outlook to the LOFAR4SW User Workshop the week following EGU 2020.  We also aim to briefly summarise a key set of the longer-term goals envisaged for LOFAR to become one of Europe’s most-comprehensive space-weather observing systems capable of shedding new light on several aspects of the space-weather system, from the Sun to the solar wind to Jupiter and Earth’s ionosphere.</p>

scholarly journals The application of heliospheric imaging to space weather operations: Lessons learned from published studies

Space Weather ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 985-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Harrison ◽  
Jackie A. Davies ◽  
Doug Biesecker ◽  
Mark Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Lessons Learned

scholarly journals Overview towards improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to heavy precipitation in the western Mediterranean: lessons learned from HyMeX

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 17051-17078
Author(s):  
Samira Khodayar ◽  
Silvio Davolio ◽  
Paolo Di Girolamo ◽  
Cindy Lebeaupin Brossier ◽  
Emmanouil Flaounas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Warm Conveyor Belts

Abstract. Heavy precipitation (HP) constitutes a major meteorological threat in the western Mediterranean (WMed). Every year, recurrent events affect the area with fatal consequences for infrastructure and personal losses. Despite this being a well-known issue widely investigated in the past, open questions still remain. Particularly, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the modeling representation of the events must be improved. One of the major goals of the Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX; 2010–2020) has been to advance knowledge on this topic. In this article, we present an overview of the most recent lessons learned from HyMeX towards an improved understanding of the mechanisms leading to HP in the WMed. The unique network of instruments deployed as well as the use of finer model resolutions and coupled models provided an unprecedented opportunity to validate numerical model simulations, develop improved parameterizations, and design high-resolution ensemble modeling approaches and sophisticated assimilation techniques across scales. All in all, HyMeX, and particularly the science team heavy precipitation, favored the evidencing of theoretical results, the enrichment of our knowledge on the genesis and evolution of convection in a complex topography environment, and the improvement of precipitation forecasts. Illustratively, the intervention of cyclones and warm conveyor belts in the occurrence of heavy precipitation has been pointed out, and the crucial role of the spatiotemporal distribution of atmospheric water vapor for the understanding and accurate forecast of the timing and location of deep convection has been evidenced, as has the complex interaction among processes across scales. The importance of soil and ocean conditions and the interactions among systems were highlighted, and such systems were specifically developed in the framework of HyMeX to improve the realism of weather forecasts. Furthermore, the benefits of cross-disciplinary efforts within HyMeX have been a key asset in bringing our knowledge about heavy precipitation in the Mediterranean region a step forward.

scholarly journals The Electron Proton Helium INstrument as an example for a Space Weather Radiation Instrument

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Patrick Kühl ◽  
Bernd Heber ◽  
Raúl Gómez-Herrero ◽  
Olga Malandraki ◽  
Arik Posner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Weather ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Particle Detectors ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
Human Exploration ◽  
Important Design

The near-Earth energetic particle environment has been monitored since the 1970’s. With the increasing importance of quantifying the radiation risk for, e.g. for the human exploration of the Moon and Mars, it is essential to continue and further improve these measurements. The Electron Proton Helium INstrument (EPHIN) on-board SOHO continually provides these data sets to the solar science and space weather communities since 1995. Here, we introduce the numerous data products developed over the years and present space weather related applications. Important design features that have led to EPHINs success as well as lessons learned and possible improvements to the instrument are also discussed with respect to the next generation of particle detectors.

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