Adaptive sequentially space-filling metamodeling applied in optimal water quantity allocation at basin scale

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jamshid Mousavi ◽  
M. Shourian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quantity ◽  
Space Filling ◽  
Basin Scale

scholarly journals A multi-approach and multi-scale study on water quantity and quality changes in the Tapajós River basin, Amazon

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Luiz Bezerra Nóbrega ◽  
Gabriele Lamparter ◽  
Harold Hughes ◽  
Alphonce Chenjerayi Guzha ◽  
Ricardo Santos Silva Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Forest Catchment ◽  
Water Quantity And Quality

Abstract. We analyzed changes in water quantity and quality at different spatial scales within the Tapajós River basin (Amazon) based on experimental fieldwork, hydrological modelling, and statistical time-trend analysis. At a small scale, we compared the river discharge (Q) and suspended-sediment concentrations (SSC) of two adjacent micro-catchments (< 1 km2) with similar characteristics but contrasting land uses (forest vs. pasture) using empirical data from field measurements. At an intermediary scale, we simulated the hydrological responses of a sub-basin of the Tapajós (Jamanxim River basin, 37 400 km2), using a hydrological model (SWAT) and land-use change scenario in order to quantify the changes in the water balance components due to deforestation. At the Tapajós' River basin scale, we investigated trends in Q, sediments, hydrochemistry, and geochemistry in the river using available data from the HYBAM Observation Service. The results in the micro-catchments showed a higher runoff coefficient in the pasture (0.67) than in the forest catchment (0.28). At this scale, the SSC were also significantly greater during stormflows in the pasture than in the forest catchment. At the Jamanxim watershed scale, the hydrological modelling results showed a 2 % increase in Q and a 5 % reduction of baseflow contribution to total Q after a conversion of 22 % of forest to pasture. In the Tapajós River, however, trend analysis did not show any significant trend in discharge and sediment concentration. However, we found upward trends in dissolved organic carbon and NO3- over the last 20 years. Although the magnitude of anthropogenic impact has shown be scale-dependent, we were able to find changes in the Tapajós River basin in streamflow, sediment concentration, and water quality across all studied scales.

Integrated basin-scale and field-scale modelling as a tool to assess improved water and salinity management

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Torabi ◽  
H. R. Salemi ◽  
P. Droogers ◽  
M. Noshadi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Scenario Analyses ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Return Flows ◽  
The Impact

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of changes in water management on water and salinity problems and crop production at field and basin level by analysing several probable scenarios. First, a simplified water and salinity basin model (WSBM) was developed for a quick analysis of river basin processes and was combined with the comprehensive field-scale model, SWAP (soil–water–atmosphere–plant). The WSBM model was calibrated and used for water resources analyses in Zayandeh Rud basin in central Iran. Observed and simulated stream flows were similar, proving that the model could be used for scenario analyses. Yield functions for cotton were developed with SWAP, including the impact of water quantity and quality on crop yields and field water and salinity balances. Three scenarios were considered. The first scenario analysed the effect of more efficient irrigation techniques on the basin water resources, where it was assumed that farmers would not accept lower water allocations if they invested in these more efficient techniques. Therefore, return flows would decrease and less water would be available for downstream users. It was concluded that the effect on the downstream irrigation schemes was dramatic, with a 22% decrease in yield. Obviously, upstream yields would increase. A second scenario was defined where the effect of an increase in water extraction for the town of Esfahan was evaluated. In terms of basin-scale water quantity aspects, this increased extraction was negligible as extractions were relatively low and return flows high. The last scenario was developed to study the additional releases required from the reservoir to provide sufficient water for expansion of the tail-end Rudasht irrigation scheme. If no restriction were imposed on water quality, additional releases from the reservoir would be limited. However, if salinity levels were not to exceed 2�dS/m, mean annual water release requirements from the reservoir would increase from 52 to 64 m3/s, and peak requirements during the irrigation season would increase from 85 to 112 m3/s. In this case, the crop yield would increase from 66% (for the baseline scenario) to 73%. Finally, it was concluded that the methodology and the models developed were useful for a swift and transparent analysis of past, current, and future water and salt resources, and to perform scenario analyses.

Environmental Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tales Carvalho-Resende
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Natural Flow Regime ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Transboundary River Basins ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Water Uses

The Environmental Water Stress in Transboundary River Basins indicator focuses on the water quantity aspect and considers hydrological alterations from monthly dynamics of the natural flow regime due to anthropogenic water uses and dam operations. For more information, visit: http://twap-rivers.org/ Basin Stress Surface water Transboundary

Observed seasonal regimes of North-South Atlantic Ocean interbasin exchange

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed D. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Volume Flux ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Interbasin Exchange ◽  
North And South

North and South Atlantic lateral volume exchange is a key component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) embedded in Earth’s climate. Northward AMOC heat transport within this exchange mitigates the large heat loss to the atmosphere in the northern North Atlantic. Because of inadequate climate data, observational basin-scale studies of net interbasin exchange between the North and South Atlantic have been limited. Here ten independent climate datasets, five satellite-derived and five analyses, are synthesized to show that North and South Atlantic climatological net lateral volume exchange is partitioned into two seasonal regimes. From late-May to late-November, net lateral volume flux is from the North to the South Atlantic; whereas from late-November to late-May, net lateral volume flux is from the South to the North Atlantic. This climatological characterization offers a framework for assessing seasonal variations in these basins and provides a constraint for climate models that simulate AMOC dynamics.

Features of system for water recirculation in thermal power plant ‘Morava’ on the right bank of River Velika Morava

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 342-349
Author(s):  
L. Andjelic ◽  
M. Pavlovic ◽  
B. Babovic
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Hydraulic Transport ◽  
Productive Force ◽  
Recirculation System ◽  
Water Recirculation ◽  
The Right

The thermal power plant ‘Morava’, with a productive force of 125 MW, is located on the right bank of the River Velika Morava, near the city of Svilajnac, Serbia. This power plant uses coal for production. Ash and slag from the coal are burned and go to a landfill by hydraulic transport. The ratio of the liquid/solid mixture is 10:1. Towards the reduction of water quantity taken from the Velika Morava river for hydraulic transport, it's provided to build a water recirculation system for overflow and drainage water from landfill to power plant. In this paper, the results of the hydraulic study of water balance in landfill is shown. The goal of this study is to assess the water quantity in landfill, which can then be reused for hydraulic transport. For dimensioning of drainage system and overflow building on landfill, it was necessary to perform detailed analysis of rainfall and filtration throw landfill. With results of water quantity in drainage system, and overflow water, all parts of the recirculation system of water, from landfill to power plant, was performed. Also, in this paper are the data of hydraulic transport of mixture of water and ash/slag.

Innovative Tools for Water Quality Management and Policy Analysis: Desert and Streamplan

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Carlo De Marchi ◽  
Pavel Ivanov ◽  
Ari Jolma ◽  
Ilia Masliev ◽  
Mark Griffin Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Water Quality Modeling ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Alternative Water

This paper presents the major features of two decision support systems (DSS) for river water quality modeling and policy analysis recently developed at the International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), DESERT and STREAMPLAN. DESERT integrates in a single package data management, model calibration, simulation, optimization and presentation of results. DESERT has the flexibility to allow the specification of both alternative water quality models and flow hydraulics for different branches of the same river basin. Specification of these models can be done interactively through Microsoft® Windows commands and menus and an easy to use interpreted language. Detailed analysis of the effects of parameter uncertainty on water quality results is integrated into DESERT. STREAMPLAN, on the other hand, is an integrated, easy-to-use software system for analyzing alternative water quality management policies on a river basin level. These policies include uniform emission reduction and effluent standard based strategies, ambient water quality and least-cost strategies, total emission reduction under minimized costs, mixed strategies, local and regional policies, and strategies with economic instruments. A distinctive feature of STREAMPLAN is the integration of a detailed model of municipal wastewater generation with a water quality model and policy analysis tools on a river basin scale.

Main topics and recent experiences for environmental monitoring and modelling diffuse pollution

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Federico Preti
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Field Monitoring ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Nonpoint Pollution ◽  
Nonpoint Sources ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Basin Scale

Monitoring and modelling are two complementary instruments necessary for the analysis of pollution phenomena, such as groundwater contamination and lakes eutrophication, often generated by diffuse (nonpoint) sources (NPS). A review of scientific literature has been conducted to obtain the information necessary to develop a correct methodology relative to environmental field monitoring and modelling agricultural nonpoint pollution. A questionnaire has been handed out to several researchers who are involved in this research field in order to learn of other pertinent activities being undertaken and to facilitate the exchange of information. Testing and verification of a methodology for the analysis of contamination caused by the use of agrochemicals, based on field monitoring studies and the application of a distributed nonpoint pollution model, have been conducted in Italy. Based on the research developed and practical experience, some of the main guidelines for conducting studies of pollution processes caused by agriculture as well as a summary of theoretical and practical aspects encountered in the design of field and basin scale model validation studies and in the use of published experimental results to test models can be proposed.

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