scholarly journals Surface wind accuracy for modeling mineral dust emissions: Comparing two regional models in a Bodélé case study

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Laurent ◽  
B. Heinold ◽  
I. Tegen ◽  
C. Bouet ◽  
G. Cautenet
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Regional Models ◽  
Dust Emissions

scholarly journals The role of aerosol–radiation–cloud interactions in linking anthropogenic pollution over southern west Africa and dust emission over the Sahara

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 14657-14676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Menut ◽  
Paolo Tuccella ◽  
Cyrille Flamant ◽  
Adrien Deroubaix ◽  
Marco Gaetani
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Aerosol Cloud ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The aerosol direct and indirect effects are studied over west Africa in the summer of 2016 using the coupled WRF-CHIMERE regional model including aerosol–cloud interaction parameterization. First, a reference simulation is performed and compared with observations acquired during the Dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) field campaign which took place in June and July 2016. Sensitivity experiments are also designed to gain insights into the impact of the aerosols dominating the atmospheric composition in southern west Africa (one simulation with halved anthropogenic emissions and one with halved mineral dust emissions). The most important effect of aerosol–cloud interactions is found for the mineral dust scenario, and it is shown that halving the emissions of mineral dust decreases the 2 m temperature by 0.5 K and the boundary layer height by 25 m on a monthly average (July 2016) and over the Saharan region. The presence of dust aerosols also increases (decreases) the shortwave (longwave) radiation at the surface by 25 W m−2. It is also shown that the decrease of anthropogenic emissions along the coast has an impact on the mineral dust load over west Africa by increasing their emissions in the Saharan region. It is due to a mechanism where particulate matter concentrations are decreased along the coast, imposing a latitudinal shift of the monsoonal precipitation and, in turn, an increase of the surface wind speed over arid areas, inducing more mineral dust emissions.

scholarly journals The role of aerosol-cloud interactions in linking anthropogenic pollution over southern West Africa and dust emission over the Sahara

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Menut ◽  
Paolo Tuccella ◽  
Cyrille Flamant ◽  
Adrien Deroubaix ◽  
Marco Gaetani
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Aerosol Cloud ◽  
Aerosol Cloud Interactions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The aerosol direct and indirect effects are studied over West Africa in the summer of 2016 using the coupled WRF-CHIMERE regional model including aerosol-cloud interaction parametrization. First, a reference simulation is performed and compared with observations acquired during the Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) field campaign which took place in June and July 2016. Sensitivity experiments are also designed to gain insights into the impact of the aerosols dominating the atmospheric composition in southern West Africa (one simulation with halved anthropogenic emissions and one with halved mineral dust emissions). The most important effect of aerosol-cloud interactions is found for the mineral dust scenario and it is shown that halving the emissions of mineral dust decreases the 2-m temperature by 0.5 K and the boundary layer height by 25 m in monthly average and over the Saharan region. The presence of dust aerosols also increases (resp. decreases) the shortwave (resp. longwave) radiation at the surface by 25 W/m2. It is also shown that the decrease of anthropogenic emissions along the coast has an impact on the mineral dust load over West Africa by increasing their emissions in Saharan region. It is due to a mechanism where particulate matter concentrations are decreased along the coast, imposing a latitudinal shift of the monsoonal precipitation, and, in turn, an increase of the surface wind speed over arid areas, inducing more mineral dust emissions.

scholarly journals Formation and evolution mechanism of regional haze: a case study in the megacity Beijing, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 16259-16292 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Liu ◽  
J. Li ◽  
Y. Qu ◽  
T. Han ◽  
L. Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Evolution Mechanism ◽  
Regional Haze ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
The Government

Abstract. The main objective of this study is to investigate the formation and evolution mechanism of the regional haze in megacity Beijing by analyzing the process of a severe haze that occurred 20–27 September 2011. Mass concentration and size distribution of aerosol particles as well as aerosol optical properties were concurrently measured at the Beijing urban atmospheric environment monitoring station. Gaseous pollutants (SO2, NO-NO2-NOx, O3, CO) and meteorological parameters (wind speed, wind direction, and relative humidity (RH)) were simultaneously monitored. Meanwhile, aerosol spatial distribution and the height of planetary boundary layer (PBL) were retrieved from the signal of satellite and LIDAR (light detection and ranging). Results showed that high intensity of local pollutants from Beijing urban source is the fundamental cause that led to the regional haze. Meteorological factors such as higher RH, weak surface wind speed, and decreasing height of PBL played an important role on the deterioration of air quality. New particle formation was considered to be the most important factor contributing the formation of haze. In order to improve the atmospheric visibility and reduce the occurrence of the haze, the mass concentration of PM2.5 at dry condition should be less than 60 µg m−3 in Beijing according to the empirical relationship of visibility, PM2.5 mass concentration and RH. This case study may provide valuable information for the public to recognize the formation mechanism of the regional haze event over the megacity, which is also useful for the government to adopt scientific approach to forecast and eliminate the occurrence of regional haze in China.

scholarly journals Homogeneized modeling of mineral dust emissions over Europe and Africa using the CHIMERE model

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 3441-3480 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Briant ◽  
L. Menut ◽  
G. Siour ◽  
C. Prigent
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Roughness Length ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Dust Production ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Sahel Region ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Abstract. In the region including Africa and Europe, the main part of mineral dust emissions is observed in Africa. The particles are thus transported towards Europe and constitute a non-negligible part of the surface aerosols measured and controlled in the framework of the European air quality legislation. The modelling of these African dust emissions fluxes and transport is widely studied and complex parameterizations are already used in regional to global model for this Sahara-Sahel region. In a lesser extent, mineral dust emissions occur locally in Europe, mainly over agricultural areas. Their modelling is generally poorly done or just ignored. But in some cases, this contribution may be important and may impact the European air quality budget. In this study, we propose an homogeneized calculations of mineral dust fluxes for Europe and Africa. For that, we extended the CHIMERE dust production model (DPM) by using new soil and surface datasets, and the global aeolian roughness length dataset provided by GARLAP from microwave and visible satellite observations. This DPM is detailed along with academic tests case results and simulation on a real case results.

scholarly journals Modeling of Mineral Dust Emissions with a Weibull Wind Speed Distribution Including Subgrid-Scale Orography Variance

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1221-1236
Author(s):  
Laurent Menut
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Subgrid Scale ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Speed Distribution ◽  
Wind Speed Distribution ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Dust Modeling

AbstractThe modeling of mineral dust emissions requires an extensive knowledge of the wind speed close to the surface. In regional and global models, Weibull distributions are often used to better represent the subgrid-scale variability of the wind speed. This distribution mainly depends on a k parameter, itself currently parameterized as a function of the wind speed value. In this study we propose to add the potential impact of the orography variance in the wind speed distribution by changing the k parameter value. Academic test cases are designed to estimate the parameters of the scheme. A realistic test case is performed over a large domain encompassing the northern part of Africa and Europe and for the period 1 January–1 May 2012. The results of the simulations are compared to particulate matter (PM10) surface concentrations and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) aerosol optical depth and aerosol size distribution. We show that with the orography variance, the simulation results are closer to the ones without variance, showing that this additional variability is not the main driver of possible errors in mineral dust modeling.

Ngs dust emissions caused by the climate change: A case-study of a mine in Russia’s far north

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
D.V. Makarov ◽  
A.V. Svetlov ◽  
A.A. Goryachev ◽  
O.T. Konina ◽  
V.A. Masloboev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Far North

scholarly journals A Case Study of the Effect of the Observation Time in 3D-Var on Near-Surface Wind Forecasts in a Limited Region

SOLA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (0) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Jianbo Yang ◽  
Min Shao ◽  
Qingeng Wang ◽  
Xu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wind ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Limited Region ◽  
Near Surface

scholarly journals The spatial distribution of mineral dust and its shortwave radiative forcing over North Africa: modeling sensitivities to dust emissions and aerosol size treatments

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 8821-8838 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zhao ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
L. R. Leung ◽  
B. Johnson ◽  
S. A. McFarlane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Sahel Region

Abstract. A fully coupled meteorology-chemistry-aerosol model (WRF-Chem) is applied to simulate mineral dust and its shortwave (SW) radiative forcing over North Africa. Two dust emission schemes (GOCART and DUSTRAN) and two aerosol models (MADE/SORGAM and MOSAIC) are adopted in simulations to investigate the modeling sensitivities to dust emissions and aerosol size treatments. The modeled size distribution and spatial variability of mineral dust and its radiative properties are evaluated using measurements (ground-based, aircraft, and satellites) during the AMMA SOP0 campaign from 6 January to 3 February of 2006 (the SOP0 period) over North Africa. Two dust emission schemes generally simulate similar spatial distributions and temporal evolutions of dust emissions. Simulations using the GOCART scheme with different initial (emitted) dust size distributions require ~40% difference in total emitted dust mass to produce similar SW radiative forcing of dust over the Sahel region. The modal approach of MADE/SORGAM retains 25% more fine dust particles (radius<1.25 μm) but 8% less coarse dust particles (radius>1.25 μm) than the sectional approach of MOSAIC in simulations using the same size-resolved dust emissions. Consequently, MADE/SORGAM simulates 11% higher AOD, up to 13% lower SW dust heating rate, and 15% larger (more negative) SW dust radiative forcing at the surface than MOSAIC over the Sahel region. In the daytime of the SOP0 period, the model simulations show that the mineral dust heats the lower atmosphere with an average rate of 0.8 ± 0.5 K day−1 over the Niamey vicinity and 0.5 ± 0.2 K day−1 over North Africa and reduces the downwelling SW radiation at the surface by up to 58 W m−2 with an average of 22 W m−2 over North Africa. This highlights the importance of including dust radiative impact in understanding the regional climate of North Africa. When compared to the available measurements, the WRF-Chem simulations can generally capture the measured features of mineral dust and its radiative properties over North Africa, suggesting that the model is suitable for more extensive simulations of dust impact on regional climate over North Africa.

scholarly journals Wildfires as a source of airborne mineral dust – Revisiting a conceptual model using Large-Eddy simulations (LES)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wagner ◽  
Michael Jähn ◽  
Kerstin Schepanski
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Large Eddy Simulations ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Fire Area ◽  
Fire Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Airborne mineral dust is a key player in the Earth system and shows manifold of impacts on atmospheric properties such as the radiation budget and cloud micro-physics. Investigations of smoke plumes originating from wildfires found significant fractions of mineral dust within these plumes – raised by strong turbulent winds related to the fire. The present study revisits the conceptual model describing the emission of mineral dust particles during wildfires by pyro-convection as described by the literature. This is achieved by means of high resolved Large-Eddy simulations (LES), conducted with the All Scale Atmospheric Model (ASAM). The impact of different fire properties representing typical grassland and shrubland fires, and different ambient atmospheric conditions on the fire-driven winds and their capability to mobilize mineral dust particles were investigated. Results from this study illustrate that the energy release of the fire leads to a strong increase in strength and frequency of occurrence of intense near-surface winds, which exceed typical threshold velocities inevitably required for dust emissions. The fire-induced modulations of the wind field can be transported up to some kilometers downstream of the fire area and are able to favor dust emissions also in some distance to the fire area. Although measurements showed already the importance of wildfires on dust emissions, pyro-convection is so far neglected as a dust emission process in atmosphere-aerosol models. The results presented in this study can be seen as the first step towards a systematic parameterization representing the connection between typical fire properties and related dust emissions, which eventually can be implemented in larger-scale aerosol models ultimately contributing to the reduction of uncertainties in the aerosol-climate feedback.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document