Coal dust emissions: From environmental control to risk minimization by underground transport. An applicative case-study

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fabiano ◽  
F. Currò ◽  
A.P. Reverberi ◽  
E. Palazzi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Dust Emissions

Stochastic control for risk under deregulated electricity market — a case study using a new formulation

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Li Zhang ◽  
K Ponnambalam
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Explicit Method ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Second Moments ◽  
Deregulated Electricity Market ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Dual Dynamic Programming

This paper describes the implementation of a new solution approach — Fletcher-Ponnambalam model (FP) — for risk management in hydropower system under deregulated electricity market. The FP model is an explicit method developed for the first and second moments of the storage state distributions in terms of moments of the inflow distributions. This method provides statistical information on the nature of random behaviour of the system state variables without any discretization and hence suitable for multi-reservoir problems. Also avoiding a scenario-based optimization makes it computationally inexpensive, as there is little growth to the size of the original problem. In this paper, the price uncertainty was introduced into the FP model in addition to the inflow uncertainty. Lake Nipigon reservoir system is chosen as the case study and FP results are compared with the stochastic dual dynamic programming (SDDP). Our studies indicate that the method could achieve optimum operations, considering risk minimization as one of the objectives in optimization.Key words: reservoir operations, explicit method, uncertainty, stochastic programming, risk.

Environmental control of emergence patterns: Case study of changes in hourly and daily emergence of aquatic insects at constant and variable water temperatures

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Ivković ◽  
Marko Miliša ◽  
Ana Previšić ◽  
Aleksandar Popijač ◽  
Zlatko Mihaljević
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Emergence Patterns ◽  
Variable Water

scholarly journals A Case Study in Watershed-Based Plan Development and Implementation for the May River Watershed in Bluffton, South Carolina

2014 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Kimberly W. Jones ◽  
Ronald Bullman
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Beaufort County ◽  
The Town

The Town of Bluffton, South Carolina was a one square mile coastal village until it experienced exponential growth in the early 2000s, and today is approximately 54 square miles. Until this recent growth, few sources of possible impairments to water quality were recognized within the watershed, and even fewer within close proximity to the river itself. In 2007, the Town was told by the S.C. Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) that fecal coliform levels in the May River headwaters were increasing and in 2009 the river received a shellfish harvesting classification down-grade. In response to this down-grade, the Town of Bluffton, with Beaufort County and stakeholders, committed to take action to restore shellfish harvesting in the river and to prevent further degradation to the river. Following the U.S. EPA (EPA) guidelines for developing watershed plans, Town staff worked for nearly a year with consultants, Beaufort County, topic experts and local residents to develop the May River Watershed Action Plan which was adopted by Town Council in November 2011.

Ngs dust emissions caused by the climate change: A case-study of a mine in Russia’s far north

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
D.V. Makarov ◽  
A.V. Svetlov ◽  
A.A. Goryachev ◽  
O.T. Konina ◽  
V.A. Masloboev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Dust Emissions ◽  
Far North

A Case Study of How Vertical Spindle Pulverizer Performance is Related to Overall Plant Performance

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen K. Storm ◽  
Richard F. Storm ◽  
Daniel S. Storm ◽  
Sammy Tuzenew ◽  
Adam McClellan
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Super Heater ◽  
Generation Costs

Pulverizer performance optimization is the first step to a successful combustion optimization program and the inter-relationships of the pulverizers must be considered when attempting to optimize combustion, overall unit performance, operability, reliability, and capacity. Pulverizer capacity seems to be an industry challenge while many units today are undergoing drastic fuel changes. Considering there seems to be a huge disconnect when correlating mill performance with such issues as fuel line distribution, heat rate, NOx and environmental control equipment performance, it is the intent of this technical paper to provide better understanding of how mechanical optimization & tuning of the pulverizers can yield overall improved plant performance. Low NOx firing and/or optimization of the burner belt combustion with a limited amount of furnace residence time is absolutely essential to optimizing plant performance. For example, when pulverizer performance is poor, it is also often related to not only high furnace exit gas temperatures, increased slagging and/or high LOI, but also degrading electrostatic precipitator (ESP) performance from the coarse particle ash. Furthermore, reliability of the boiler (ie. tube leaks, fouling, and slagging) can also be impacted negatively by secondary combustion and consequent super heater and re-heater tube metals overheating and/or wall wastage often occurs from non-optimized fuel distribution being delivered from the pulverizers. Whether the reason for improving mill performance is for the aforementioned items and/or perhaps simply to reduce power generation costs with improved fuels flexibility, the purpose of this case study is to review the basics of vertical spindle mill performance improvements. The data used to support this paper is from a compilation of actual field testing & tuning results. Furthermore, Storm Technologies, Inc. (STI) suggests the aforementioned steps as an effective approach to optimization.

Comparison of the effects of using local and central snow deposits: a case study in Luleå

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Reinosdotter ◽  
M. Viklander ◽  
P.-A. Malmqvist
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
General Information ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Local Effects ◽  
Realistic Option ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Land Use Effects ◽  
Made In

The aim of the study was to determine if an increased use of local land-based snow deposits would be more sustainable than the use of a central snow deposit. The study focused on transport related emissions, costs for transporting the snow, technical attendance, local effects, public acceptance, land use, effects on the recipient environmental control and potential for accidents. General information was obtained from an inventory regarding snow handling that was made in 14, geographically spread, Swedish municipalities during 2001. The comparison of costs for transporting snow and transport-related emissions was based on information gathered from the municipality of Luleå. The study showed that using local land-based snow deposits would decrease traffic-related emissions such as CO2, CO and NOx by 40% annually and would decrease the annual cost for transporting snow by nearly 80%. On the other hand local snow deposits may lead to an increased risk of accidents and to negative local effects such as delayed growing season, flooding and drainage problems. Available land for local snow deposits in the cities is hard to find, and is usually expensive. Therefore a combination of local and central snow deposits is likely to be the most realistic option.

scholarly journals Environmental Control on Transpiration: A Case Study of a Desert Ecosystem in Northwest China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqin Xu ◽  
Zhongbo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sap Flow ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Threshold Control ◽  
Stand Transpiration ◽  
Semi Arid

Arid and semi-arid ecosystems represent a crucial but poorly understood component of the global water cycle. Taking a desert ecosystem as a case study, we measured sap flow in three dominant shrub species and concurrent environmental variables over two mean growing seasons. Commercially available gauges (Flow32 meters) based on the constant power stem heat balance (SHB) method were used. Stem-level sap flow rates were scaled up to stand level to estimate stand transpiration using the species-specific frequency distribution of stem diameter. We found that variations in stand transpiration were closely related to changes in solar radiation (Rs), air temperature (T), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) at the hourly scale. Three factors together explained 84% and 77% variations in hourly stand transpiration in 2014 and 2015, respectively, with Rs being the primary driving force. We observed a threshold control of VPD (~2 kPa) on stand transpiration in two-year study periods, suggesting a strong stomatal regulation of transpiration under high evaporative demand conditions. Clockwise hysteresis loops between diurnal transpiration and T and VPD were observed and exhibited seasonal variations. Both the time lags and refill and release of stem water storage from nocturnal sap flow were possible causes for the hysteresis. These findings improve the understanding of environmental control on water flux of the arid and semi-arid ecosystems and have important implications for diurnal hydrology modelling.

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