scholarly journals Global MHD test particle simulations of >10 MeV radiation belt electrons during storm sudden commencement

2007 ◽  
Vol 112 (A9) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Kress ◽  
M. K. Hudson ◽  
M. D. Looper ◽  
J. Albert ◽  
J. G. Lyon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Particle ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Sudden Commencement ◽  
Storm Sudden Commencement ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
Radiation Belt Electrons

Interactions between magnetosonic waves and radiation belt electrons: Comparisons of quasi-linear calculations with test particle simulations

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (14) ◽  
pp. 4828-4834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinxing Li ◽  
Binbin Ni ◽  
Lun Xie ◽  
Zuyin Pu ◽  
Jacob Bortnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Particle ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
Radiation Belt Electrons

scholarly journals The cusp: a window for particle exchange between the radiation belt and the solar wind

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 3131-3137 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-Z. Zhou ◽  
T. A. Fritz ◽  
Q.-G. Zong ◽  
Z. Y. Pu ◽  
Y.-Q. Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Magnetospheric Convection ◽  
Cusp Region ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
Particle Exchange ◽  
Field Lines

Abstract. The study focuses on a single particle dynamics in the cusp region. The topology of the cusp region in terms of magnetic field iso-B contours has been studied using the Tsyganenko 96 model (T96) as an example, to show the importance of an off-equatorial minimum on particle trapping. We carry out test particle simulations to demonstrate the bounce and drift motion. The "cusp trapping limit" concept is introduced to reflect the particle motion in the high latitude magnetospheric region. The spatial distribution of the "cusp trapping limit" shows that only those particles with near 90° pitch-angles can be trapped and drift around the cusp. Those with smaller pitch angles may be partly trapped in the iso-B contours, however, they will eventually escape along one of the magnetic field lines. There exist both open field lines and closed ones within the same drift orbit, indicating two possible destinations of these particles: those particles being lost along open field lines will be connected to the surface of the magnetopause and the solar wind, while those along closed ones will enter the equatorial radiation belt. Thus, it is believed that the cusp region can provide a window for particle exchange between these two regions. Some of the factors, such as dipole tilt angle, magnetospheric convection, IMF and the Birkeland current system, may influence the cusp's trapping capability and therefore affect the particle exchanging mechanism. Their roles are examined by both the analysis of cusp magnetic topology and test particle simulations.

Corotating drift resonant electrons in Saturn's radiation belt: theory and observational evidence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Hao ◽  
Yixin Sun ◽  
Elias Roussos ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Chongjing Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Equatorial Plane ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Electron Radiation ◽  
Radial Transport ◽  
Resonant Energy ◽  
Particle Simulations

<p>Corotating drift resonant (CDR) electrons, of which the gradient and curvature drift could cancel the corotation around the Saturn, could get efficiently radial transported when exposed to the Saturnian global convective electric field. Such fast radial transport could lead to significant adiabatic acceleration and therefore supply for the electron radiation belt population. In this work, the nonlinear trapping nature of the corotating drift resonance is investigated. Electrons trapped inside the resonant island preform a banana-like orbit in the equatorial plane. We present an estimation of the trapping limit in L shell and energy for the resonant electrons with varying first adiabatic invariant, which could be directly compared to CASSINI observations. The estimation of the trapping period also indicates that trapped electrons takes times of more hours to close their orbit than the traveling electrons. The evolution in energy spectrogram driven by Saturn's convection and corotation has also been predicted by our test particle simulations. We suggest  that the bifurcation of the 'zebra stripes' near the corotation drift resonant energy could be a diagnostic feature of the nonlinear CDR. Observations from MIMI/LEMMS with similar zebra stripes and the bifurcation have been found as predicted, proving that the electrons in Saturn's radiation belt are being transported radially by the convection and that corotating drift resonant could be a significant candidate for the plenishing of the Saturn's electron radiation belt.   </p>

scholarly journals Rapid energization of radiation belt electrons by nonlinear wave trapping

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3451-3456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Katoh ◽  
Y. Omura ◽  
D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Wave ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Magnetic Mirror ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Whistler Mode ◽  
Wave Trapping ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
Radiation Belt Electrons ◽  
Particle Energization

Abstract. We show that nonlinear wave trapping plays a significant role in both the generation of whistler-mode chorus emissions and the acceleration of radiation belt electrons to relativistic energies. We have performed particle simulations that successfully reproduce the generation of chorus emissions with rising tones. During this generation process we find that a fraction of resonant electrons are energized very efficiently by special forms of nonlinear wave trapping called relativistic turning acceleration (RTA) and ultra-relativistic acceleration (URA). Particle energization by nonlinear wave trapping is a universal acceleration mechanism that can be effective in space and cosmic plasmas that contain a magnetic mirror geometry.

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