The N(2D°-4S°) 520 nm forbidden doublet in the nightglow: An experimental test of the theoretical intensity ratio

B. D. Sharpee; T. G. Slanger; P. C. Cosby; D. L. Huestis

doi:10.1029/2005gl023044

The N(2D°-4S°) 520 nm forbidden doublet in the nightglow: An experimental test of the theoretical intensity ratio

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1029/2005gl023044 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B. D. Sharpee ◽

T. G. Slanger ◽

P. C. Cosby ◽

D. L. Huestis

Keyword(s):

Experimental Test ◽

Intensity Ratio ◽

Theoretical Intensity

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Effect of Consonant-Vowel Ratio Modification on Amplitude Envelope Cues for Consonant Recognition

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.3402.415 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 415-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Richard L. Freyman ◽

G. Patrick Nerbonne ◽

Heather A. Cote

Keyword(s):

White Noise ◽

Intensity Ratio ◽

Recognition Performance ◽

Amplitude Envelope ◽

Signal To Noise ◽

Noise Masking ◽

Spectral Cues ◽

Consonant Recognition ◽

Nonlinear Amplification ◽

Speech Envelope

This investigation examined the degree to which modification of the consonant-vowel (C-V) intensity ratio affected consonant recognition under conditions in which listeners were forced to rely more heavily on waveform envelope cues than on spectral cues. The stimuli were 22 vowel-consonant-vowel utterances, which had been mixed at six different signal-to-noise ratios with white noise that had been modulated by the speech waveform envelope. The resulting waveforms preserved the gross speech envelope shape, but spectral cues were limited by the white-noise masking. In a second stimulus set, the consonant portion of each utterance was amplified by 10 dB. Sixteen subjects with normal hearing listened to the unmodified stimuli, and 16 listened to the amplified-consonant stimuli. Recognition performance was reduced in the amplified-consonant condition for some consonants, presumably because waveform envelope cues had been distorted. However, for other consonants, especially the voiced stops, consonant amplification improved recognition. Patterns of errors were altered for several consonant groups, including some that showed only small changes in recognition scores. The results indicate that when spectral cues are compromised, nonlinear amplification can alter waveform envelope cues for consonant recognition.

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