scholarly journals Impact of water quality on municipal water price and residential water demand and implications for water supply benefits

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Piper
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Price ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
Residential Water

scholarly journals Advances in the Economic Analysis of Residential Water Use: An Introduction

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Reynaud ◽  
Giulia Romano
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Price ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Residential Water Use ◽  
Household Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Residential Water

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather evidence on the impact of price policies (PP) and non-price policies (NPP) in shaping residential water use in a context of increased water scarcity. Indeed, a large body of the empirical economic literature on residential water demand has been devoted to measuring the impact of PP (water price increases, use of block rate pricing or peak pricing, etc.). The consensus is that the residential water demand is inelastic with respect to water price, but not perfectly. Given the low water price elasticity, pricing schemes may not always be effective tools for modifying household water behaviors. This is puzzling since increasing the water price is still viewed by public authorities as the most direct economic tool for inducing water conservation behaviors. Additional evidence regarding the use of PP in shaping residential water use is then required. More recently, it has been argued that residential consumers may react to NPP, such as water conservation programs, education campaigns, or smart metering. NPP are based on the idea that residential water users can implement strategies that will result in water savings via changing their individual behaviors. Feedback information based on smart water metering is an example of approach used by some water utilities. There are still large gaps in the knowledge on the residential water demand, and in particular on the impact of PP and NPP on residential water use, household water affordability and water service performance. These topics are addressed in this Special Issue “Advances in the Economic Analysis of Residential Water Use”.

The joint effect of water price changes and pressure management, at the economic annual real losses level, on the system input volume of a water distribution system

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1069-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilis Kanakoudis ◽  
Konstantinos Gonelas
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Price ◽  
Pressure Management ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
System Input ◽  
Real Losses ◽  
Residential Water

This study attempts to examine the factors affecting the residential water demand level in the city of Kozani in Greece. Based on an 8-year (2005–12) detailed sample of residential water demand panel data, the values of the water price (WP) elasticity of residential demand are identified, and the influence of socio-economic and demographic factors and climate conditions on water-use levels and trends are analyzed. The system's response in terms of system input volume is examined (through the simulation model developed for the network and a pressure management (PM) application) for different scenarios of increased and decreased WP levels. Various scenarios for the real losses were examined, starting from their current level (current annual real losses), down to their economic level (economic annual real losses) after implementing PM measures. The overall objective is to determine and record the overall reaction of consumers to the changing WPs as a result of the full water cost principle implemented.

Residential water demand in a transition economy: evidence from Poland

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Bartczak ◽  
Agnieszka Kopanska ◽  
Jan Raczka
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Transition Economy ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Economies In Transition ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Residential Water

This paper analyzes residential water demand in Poland and the determinants thereof, including both water tariffs and income levels. Information on the price and income elasticities of residential water demand is crucial for effective management of water demand. We carried out this empirical analysis using several panel-data models. The analysis is based on data provided by the urban municipalities, in which the number of the end-users connected to water supply networks exceeded 50,000. We focused on the larger cities to obtain sample homogeneity in terms of the access to water supply and sewage collection systems, as well as the income structure. We found that the indicators of price elasticity of residential water demand in Poland are similar to those being known from the relevant surveys conducted in Western Europe. However, the income elasticity is smaller in absolute terms when compared to that in countries with more developed economies. Based on the results obtained, our prediction is that the decreasing trend of individual water consumption in Poland will slow down in the next few years. Our study is one of the first to investigate the price and income elasticities of water demand in Poland, and also one of the first such ones carried out for economies in transition.

scholarly journals Residential water demand modelling and hydraulic reliability in design of building water supply systems: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Mangalekar ◽  
K. S. Gumaste
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Residential Water

Abstract The building water supply system is a fundamental unit in water supply systems as it is directly associated with end users. However, the studies available on its efficient design are limited. Water demand estimation continues to be an important issue in water supply systems' design because of its multifaceted nature. Hunter's curve, or Fixture Unit method, is widely used for estimating the load on plumbing. Regardless of its popularity, it has a few drawbacks and is arbitrarily modified in some plumbing codes. Fixture-use probability, a basic entity in the Fixture Unit and some other methods, is a difficult parameter to estimate. Commonly, high-resolution field data is used for stochastic modelling of residential water demand which may not be always available. The paper reviews important residential water demand models in view of their applicability in building water supply system design. The irregular nature of water demand in buildings is due to uncertainty in water-use behaviour of users at fixture level. Use of soft-computing techniques can provide an advantage over the other methods in modelling such behaviour. The paper also discusses reliability of building water supply systems and applicability of some common indices for estimating reliability of building water supply systems.

scholarly journals Estimation of Residential Water Demand with Imperfect Price Perception

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Estelle Binet ◽  
Fabrizio Carlevaro ◽  
Michel Paul
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Price Perception ◽  
Residential Water

scholarly journals Determinants of residential water demand in Germany

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1756-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Schleich ◽  
Thomas Hillenbrand
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Residential Water Demand ◽  
Residential Water
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