Identifying the Structural Requirements for Chromosomal Aberration by Incorporating Molecular Flexibility and Metabolic Activation of Chemicals

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1927-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovanes Mekenyan ◽  
Milen Todorov ◽  
Rossitsa Serafimova ◽  
Stoyanka Stoeva ◽  
Aynur Aptula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Molecular Flexibility ◽  
Structural Requirements

Identification of the Structural Requirements for Mutagenicity by Incorporating Molecular Flexibility and Metabolic Activation of Chemicals I:  TA100 Model

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovanes Mekenyan ◽  
Sabcho Dimitrov ◽  
Rossitsa Serafimova ◽  
Ed Thompson ◽  
Stefan Kotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Molecular Flexibility ◽  
Structural Requirements

scholarly journals In VitroandIn VivoGenotoxicity Assessment ofAristolochia manshuriensisKom.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Hwan Hwang ◽  
Taesoo Kim ◽  
Won-Kyung Cho ◽  
Hye Jin Yang ◽  
Dong Hoon Kwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Reverse Mutation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration Test ◽  
Mutation Assay

Arisolochiae speciesplants containing aristolochic acids I and II (AA I and AA II) are well known to cause aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). Recently, there are various approaches to use AAs-containing herbs after the removal of their toxic factors. However, there is little information about genotoxicity ofArisolochiae manshuriensisKom. (AMK)per se. To obtain safety information for AMK, its genotoxicity was evaluated in accordance with OECD guideline. To evaluate genotoxicity of AMK, we tested bacterial reverse mutation assay, chromosomal aberration test, and micronucleus test. Here, we also determined the amounts of AA I and II in AMK (2.85 ± 0.08 and 0.50 ± 0.02 mg/g extract, resp.). In bacterial reverse mutation assay, AMK dose-dependently increased revertant colony numbers in TA98, TA100 and TA1537 regardless of metabolic activation. AMK increased the incidence of chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells, but there was no statistically significant difference. The incidences of micronucleus in bone marrow erythrocyte were significantly increased in mice after oral administration of AMK (5000 mg/kg), comparing with those of vehicle group (P<0.05). The results of three standard tests suggest that the genotoxicity of AMK is directly related to the AAs contents in AMK.

Studies of the Toxicological Potential of Capsinoids: V. Genotoxicity Studies of Dihydrocapsiate

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce K. Bernard ◽  
Eri Watanabe ◽  
Terutaka Kodama ◽  
Shoji Tsubuku ◽  
Akira Otabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Transgenic Rats ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration Test ◽  
Mutation Assay ◽  
Gene Mutation Assay

A series of studies was performed to evaluate the safety of dihydrocapsiate (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl 8-methylnonanoate; CAS no. 205687-03-2). This study evaluated the potential genotoxicity of this compound using a variety of in vitro and in vivo test systems, including bacterial reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test, micronucleus test, gene mutation assay with transgenic rats, and single-cell gel (SCG) assay (Comet assay). In vitro tests (bacterial reverse mutation test and chromosomal aberration test) produced positive results in the absence of metabolic activation, but negative results in the presence of metabolic activation. The in vivo gene mutation assay (with transgenic rats) produced negative results, as did the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, which failed to induce micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. Although the rat SCG assay produced statistically significant increases in the Olive tail moment and % tail DNA of the liver and intestine in the 2000 mg/kg group (compared with the negative-control group), a number of factors caused the authors to question the validity of these findings. Taken together, these results suggest that dihydrocapsiate has a low or extremely low likelihood of inducing genotoxicity.

scholarly journals Genotoxic property of poly herbal formulation of annona squomosa, zingiber officinalis and triticum aestivum plant extracts by in vitro chromosomal aberration test

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3449-3460
Author(s):  
Rajesh R ◽  
Jagadeesh Singh S D ◽  
Channabasava R
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Cho Cell ◽  
Cellular Integrity ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration Test ◽  
The One

The present study was aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of polyherbal formulations by chromosomal aberration test. Cancer being the second most cause of death among all ailments even after the improvised medications needs alternative sources of treatment. Herbal sources were always among the one as prime treatment sources. Polyherbal formulations were taking the lead in medications because of their broad spectrum of activity and synergic effects. Annona squamosa, Zingiber Officinalis, and Triticum Aestivum formulation with 1:2:3 ratio has shown significant results in the definitive and confirmatory chromosome aberration assays. Indicated the test article PF3 did not induce a statistically significant increase in the percentage of cells with aberrations both in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. PF3 was found non-clostagenic at a maximum dose of 15 µg/ml in the CHO cell line. Inhibition of chromosomal aberration, DNA fragmentation, and maintenance of cellular integrity may prevent the genotoxic effect. Further optimization and in vivo authenticated studies need to be proven.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document