Identification of Novel Electrophilic Metabolites ofPiper methysticumForst. (Kava)

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Johnson ◽  
Sheng-Xiang Qiu ◽  
Shide Zhang ◽  
Fagen Zhang ◽  
Joanna E. Burdette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrophilic Metabolites

scholarly journals Micronuclei in Bone Marrow and Liver in relation to Hepatic Metabolism and Antioxidant Response due to Coexposure to Chloroform, Dichloromethane, and Toluene in the Rat Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Belmont-Díaz ◽  
Ana Paulina López-Gordillo ◽  
Eunice Molina Garduño ◽  
Luis Serrano-García ◽  
Elvia Coballase-Urrutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Electrophilic Metabolites

Genotoxicity in cells may occur in different ways, direct interaction, production of electrophilic metabolites, and secondary genotoxicity via oxidative stress. Chloroform, dichloromethane, and toluene are primarily metabolized in liver by CYP2E1, producing reactive electrophilic metabolites, and may also produce oxidative stress via the uncoupled CYP2E1 catalytic cycle. Additionally, GSTT1 also participates in dichloromethane activation. Despite the oxidative metabolism of these compounds and the production of oxidative adducts, their genotoxicity in the bone marrow micronucleus test is unclear. The objective of this work was to analyze whether the oxidative metabolism induced by the coexposure to these compounds would account for increased micronucleus frequency. We used an approach including the analysis of phase I, phase II, and antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, and micronuclei in bone marrow (MNPCE) and hepatocytes (MNHEP). Rats were administered different doses of an artificial mixture of CLF/DCM/TOL, under two regimes. After one administration MNPCE frequency increased in correlation with induced GSTT1 activity and no oxidative stress occurred. Conversely, after three-day treatments oxidative stress was observed, without genotoxicity. The effects observed indicate that MNPCE by the coexposure to these VOCs could be increased via inducing the activity of metabolism enzymes.

Electrophilic metabolites of 3-methylindole as toxic intermediates in pulmonary oedema

Xenobiotica ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Nocerini ◽  
J. R. Carlson ◽  
G. S. Yost
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Oedema ◽  
Electrophilic Metabolites

Hydroxylation and formation of electrophilic metabolites of tienilic acid and its isomer by human liver microsomes

1991 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Dansette ◽  
C. Amar ◽  
P. Valadon ◽  
C. Pons ◽  
P.H. Beaune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Liver ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Human Liver Microsomes ◽  
Tienilic Acid ◽  
Electrophilic Metabolites
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