scholarly journals Antimicrobial functionalization of polymer surfaces via covalent attachment of bacteriophages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Campbell Putnam ◽  
Heather Broadhead
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Covalent Attachment

Conjugation of DNA to Plasma-Treated Polymer Surfaces and Their Application to Multiplex DNA Sequencing

1998 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Lambert ◽  
Jer-Kang Chen ◽  
Claudia Chiesa ◽  
George A. Fry ◽  
Vergine C. Furniss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Covalent Attachment ◽  
Polymer Support ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Polymer Supports ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Multiplex Sequencing ◽  
Binding Sequence ◽  
Plasma Techniques

AbstractPlasma treatment and deposition techniques have been used to facilitate the covalent attachment of DNA to polymer surfaces. The variety of surface functional groups that can be created by plasma techniques enables different chemical conjugation routes to be explored. For example, a phosphodiester linkage can be used for surfaces with hydroxyl groups. Likewise, a carboxyamide linkage can be used for surfaces with carboxyl or amine groups. The primary application of the engineered materials has been the hybridization-based separation of multiplexed DNA sequencing products. Traditionally, sequencing reactions are performed individually on single templates. Multiplex sequencing offers reagent and time savings by permitting multiple sequencing reactions on single or multiple templates. The method developed uses recoverable DNA sequencing primers with additional “capture sequences” attached to the 5' end. The capture sequences are designed to be complementary to “binding sequences” covalently attached to the plasma-treated polymer supports. When a solution of the extended recoverable primers is exposed to a polymer support, primers with complementary capture sequences hybridize to the immobilized binding sequences. Contacting a multiplexed sample with a series of solid supports (each having a different binding sequence) selectively removes each set of sequencing products from the mixture. Washing each solid support, followed by releasing the hybridized DNA, results in isolated and purified sequencing products that are amenable to analysis by gel or capillary electrophoresis.

scholarly journals Covalent attachment of functional protein to polymer surfaces: a novel one-step dry process

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher MacDonald ◽  
Richard Morrow ◽  
Anthony S Weiss ◽  
Marcela M.M Bilek
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Covalent Binding ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Covalent Attachment ◽  
Functional Protein ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
One Step ◽  
Control Surfaces

The attachment of bioactive protein to surfaces underpins the development of biosensors and diagnostic microarrays. We present a surface treatment using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) to create stable covalent binding sites for the attachment of functional soya-bean peroxidase (SBP). Fourier transform infrared spectra of the surfaces show that protein is retained on the surface after boiling in sodium dodecyl sulphate and sodium hydroxide, which is indicative of covalent attachment. The activity of SBP on the treated surfaces remains high in comparison with SBP attached to control surfaces over the course of 11 days. Surface plasmon resonance was used to show that the surface coverage of the attached protein is close to a monolayer. We describe the potential of the PIII treatment method to be used as a one-step dry process to create surfaces for large-scale protein micro- or nanopatterning.

Effects of Electrical Discharges in Low Pressure Gases on the Morphology of Polyethylene Crystals

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
L.H. Bolz ◽  
D.H. Reneker
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Electrical Discharges ◽  
Adhesive Bonds ◽  
Power Distribution Lines ◽  
Modification Of The Surface

The attack, on the surface of a polymer, by the atomic, molecular and ionic species that are created in a low pressure electrical discharge in a gas is interesting because: 1) significant interior morphological features may be revealed, 2) dielectric breakdown of polymeric insulation on high voltage power distribution lines involves the attack on the polymer of such species created in a corona discharge, 3) adhesive bonds formed between polymer surfaces subjected to such SDecies are much stronger than bonds between untreated surfaces, 4) the chemical modification of the surface creates a reactive surface to which a thin layer of another polymer may be bonded by glow discharge polymerization.

Applications of Time-OF-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-309
Author(s):  
Bruno Schueler ◽  
Robert W. Odom
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Secondary Ions ◽  
Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) provides unique capabilities for elemental and molecular compositional analysis of a wide variety of surfaces. This relatively new technique is finding increasing applications in analyses concerned with determining the chemical composition of various polymer surfaces, identifying the composition of organic and inorganic residues on surfaces and the localization of molecular or structurally significant secondary ions signals from biological tissues. TOF-SIMS analyses are typically performed under low primary ion dose (static SIMS) conditions and hence the secondary ions formed often contain significant structural information.This paper will present an overview of current TOF-SIMS instrumentation with particular emphasis on the stigmatic imaging ion microscope developed in the authors’ laboratory. This discussion will be followed by a presentation of several useful applications of the technique for the characterization of polymer surfaces and biological tissues specimens. Particular attention in these applications will focus on how the analytical problem impacts the performance requirements of the mass spectrometer and vice-versa.

Thrombus formation on artificial surfaces: Correlative microscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-841
Author(s):  
Quintin J. Lai ◽  
Stuart L. Cooper ◽  
Ralph M. Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Adhesion Of Platelets ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

Thrombus formation and embolization are significant problems for blood-contacting biomedical devices. Two major components of thrombi are blood platelets and the plasma protein, fibrinogen. Previous studies have examined interactions of platelets with polymer surfaces, fibrinogen with platelets, and platelets in suspension with spreading platelets attached to surfaces. Correlative microscopic techniques permit light microscopic observations of labeled living platelets, under static or flow conditions, followed by the observation of identical platelets by electron microscopy. Videoenhanced, differential interference contrast (DIC) light microscopy permits high-resolution, real-time imaging of live platelets and their interactions with surfaces. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) provides information on the focal adhesion of platelets on surfaces. High voltage, transmission electron microscopy (HVEM) allows observation of platelet cytoskeletal structure of whole mount preparations. Low-voltage, high resolution, scanning electron microscopy allows observation of fine surface detail of platelets. Colloidal gold-labeled fibrinogen, used to identify the Gp Ilb/IIIa membrane receptor for fibrinogen, can be detected in all the above microscopies.

The Effect of Heparin vs. Citrate on the Interaction of Platelets with Vascular Graft Materials

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 842-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandice Kottke-Marchant ◽  
James M Anderson ◽  
Albert Rabinovitch ◽  
Richard A Huskey ◽  
Roger Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
In Vitro Perfusion ◽  
Citrate Anticoagulation ◽  
Platelet Release

SummaryHeparin is known to affect platelet function in vitro, but little is known about the effect of heparin on the interaction of platelets with polymer surfaces in general, and vascular graft materials in particular. For this reason, the effect of heparin vs. citrate anticoagulation on the interaction of platelets with the vascular graft materials expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), Dacron Bionit (DB) and preclotted Dacron Bionit (DB/PC) was studied in a recirculating, in vitro perfusion system. Platelet activation, as shown by a decrease in platelet count, an increase in platelet release and a decrease in platelet aggregation, was observed for all vascular graft materials tested using heparin and was greater for Dacron and preclotted Dacron than for ePTFE. Significant differences between heparin and citrate anticoagulation were seen for platelet release, platelet aggregation and the relative ranking of material platelet-reactivity. However, the trends and time course of platelet activation were similar with both heparin and citrate for the materials tested.

Photochemical and Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Catalyzed by a Polyoxometalate-Organic Photosensitizer Complex

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandan Dey ◽  
Ronny Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Covalent Attachment ◽  
Hybrid Complex ◽  
Open Face

<p>A manganese substituted Anderson type polyoxometalate, [MnMo<sub>6</sub>O<sub>24</sub>]<sup>9-</sup>, tethered with an anthracene photosensitizer was prepared and used as catalyst for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction. The polyoxometalate-photosensitizer hybrid complex, obtained by covalent attachment of the sensitizer to only one face of the planar polyoxometalate, was characterized by NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry measurements show a catalytic response for the reduction of carbon dioxide, thereby suggesting catalysis at the manganese site on the open face of the polyoxometalate. Controlled potentiometric electrolysis showed the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO with a TOF of ~15 sec<sup>-1</sup>. Further photochemical reactions showed that the polyoxometalate-anthracene hybrid complex was active for the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to yield formic acid and/or CO in varying amounts dependent on the reducing agent used. Control experiments showed that the attachment of the photosensitizer to [MnMo<sub>6</sub>O<sub>24</sub>]<sup>9-</sup> is necessary for photocatalysis.</p><div><br></div>

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