Microreaction Technology as a Novel Approach to Drug Design, Process Development and Reliability

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriyar Taghavi-Moghadam ◽  
Axel Kleemann ◽  
Georg Golbig
Keyword(s):  
Drug Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Microreaction Technology

scholarly journals Integrating Value Considerations in the Decision Making for the Design of Biorefineries

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 2927-2955
Author(s):  
Mar Palmeros Parada ◽  
Lotte Asveld ◽  
Patricia Osseweijer ◽  
John Alexander Posada
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Value Sensitive Design ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Biobased Production

AbstractBiobased production has been promoted as a sustainable alternative to fossil resources. However, controversies over its impact on sustainability highlight societal concerns, value tensions and uncertainties that have not been taken into account during its development. In this work, the consideration of stakeholders’ values in a biorefinery design project is investigated. Value sensitive design (VSD) is a promising approach to the design of technologies with consideration of stakeholders’ values, however, it is not directly applicable for complex systems like biorefineries. Therefore, some elements of VSD, such as the identification of relevant values and their connection to a technology’s features, are brought into biorefinery design practice. Midstream modulation (MM), an approach to promoting the consideration of societal aspects during research and development activities, is applied to promote reflection and value considerations during the design decision making. As result, it is shown that MM interventions during the design process led to new design alternatives in support of stakeholders' values, and allowed to recognize and respond to emerging value tensions within the scope of the project. In this way, the present work shows a novel approach for the technical investigation of VSD, especially for biorefineries. Also, based on this work it is argued that not only reflection, but also flexibility and openness are important for the application of VSD in the context of biorefinery design.

Generic Modular Operations for Virtual Manufacturing Process Engineering

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Lee ◽  
H. Thomas Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Process Engineering ◽  
Virtual Manufacturing ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Computational Costs ◽  
Direct Mechanism ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Operation Control ◽  
Virtual Process

Abstract In order to address the computational costs of modeling and analyzing manufacturing processes, a novel approach to virtual manufacturing process engineering using generic modular operations is presented. Relying on a state based representation of operation control for a simplified virtual manufacturing workcell, the valid states for each sequence of generic modular operations are aggregated and both operation state and processing constraints applied to specify the subtasks required to complete each step in a product’s process plan. By adopting this state based control approach, virtual process engineering provides a direct mechanism to map virtual process representations onto actualized processes. Using these generic modular operations and their temporal and processing dependencies, the computationally complex elements of virtual manufacturing process simulation can be directly identified and an architecture for virtual process development specified. Examples from both machining and assembly processes are provided.

Public Involvement in the Design of Public Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Emad S. Mushtaha ◽  
Omar Hassan Omar ◽  
Dua S. Barakat ◽  
Hessa Al-Jarwan ◽  
Dima Abdulrahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Public Project ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Building Program

The involvement of the public in the decision-making process is essential, especially in the early stages of a design process. This study aims to achieve the development of an architectural program for a memorial public project, using the outcomes of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on public opinion. It employs a novel approach that sharply focuses on public involvement in the design process, using a quantitative methodology for the development of a suitable building program and selecting a memorial form that meets the public's needs in a practical way. The study drew on data from various memorial projects to identify possible spaces and their selection criteria. A written questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 105 members of the public, to narrow down the number of spaces according to public response. Then, a hearing (spoken) questionnaire was conducted on a sample of 20 to produce the program for development by generating the most strongly preferred form of memorial. The results contradicted the existing norm for a memorial as a sculpture; it was revealed that most of the public preferred memorial landscapes to buildings and great structures. The study concluded that AHP could be used to further involve the relevant stakeholders in the decision-making process of the design of a public project.

A Novel Approach for Designing Boltless Connectors - Example on a New Drilling Riser Connector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonore Roguet ◽  
Emmanuel Persent ◽  
Daniel Averbuch
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
New Product ◽  
Block Type ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Structural Tests

Abstract A new method which uses elastic and elasto-plastic Finite Element analyses is developed to design a double breech-block type connector. All relevant criteria proposed by API16F are fulfilled. In addition, plastic and bearing criteria have been added to support the use of lugs for load transfer in the connector. The proposed methodology has been applied and validated through experimental tests at different scales and in particular on laboratory specimens and small-scaled connectors. Based on these last structural tests, a safety factor of almost 8 was obtained for the design method on small-scaled connectors. Prototype tests at scale 1:1 allowed the methodology to be fully validated and a new product to be qualified. Certification bodies validated the whole design process, the employed methodology and the new connector.

Manufacturing Task Process Characterization Utilizing Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Janet H. Sanders ◽  
Silvanus J. Udoka
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Process Development ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Process Characterization ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
High Strength Fiber ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
Operating Window

To meet today’s business culture of rapid deployment of new products and processes, engineering and manufacturing personnel must utilize efficient means for process development. This paper discusses a novel approach to characterize a task driven manufacturing process. The approach utilized Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to investigate, identify, and prioritize the key process drivers and subsequently develop quantifiable methods for setting the operating levels for the process drivers to determine if the current levels of these key process drivers result in a process response value that is near optimum. The approach identifies the improved response region, generates a mathematical model of the process and specifies an operating window that would yield consistent results for each of the process drivers. A High Strength Fiber Splicing process was used to demonstrate this approach. This study led to the identification of the region that improved the process yield from 65% to 85%.

scholarly journals Investigation of Centrifugal Fractionation with Time-Dependent Process Parameters as a New Approach Contributing to the Direct Recycling of Lithium-Ion Battery Components

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
Tabea Sinn ◽  
Andreas Flegler ◽  
Andreas Wolf ◽  
Thomas Stübinger ◽  
Wolfgang Witt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Aqueous Dispersion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Speed Increase ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Constant Output

Recycling of lithium-ion batteries will become imperative in the future, but comprehensive and sustainable processes for this are still rather lacking. Direct recycling comprising separation of the black mass components as a key step is regarded as the most seminal approach. This paper contributes a novel approach for such separation, that is fractionation in a tubular centrifuge. An aqueous dispersion of cathode materials (lithium iron phosphate, also referred to as LFP, and carbon black) serves as exemplary feed to be fractionated, desirably resulting in a sediment of pure LFP. This paper provides a detailed study of the commonly time-dependent output of the tubular centrifuge and introduces an approach aiming to achieve constant output. Therefore, three different settings are assessed, constantly low, constantly high and an increase in rotational speed over time. Constant settings result in the predictable unsatisfactory time-variant output, whereas rotational speed increase proves to be able to maintain constant centrate properties. With further process development, the concept of fractionation in tubular centrifuges may mature into a promising separation technique for black mass in a direct recycling process chain.

Using Free Computational Resources To Illustrate the Drug Design Process in an Undergraduate Medicinal Chemistry Course

2015 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo P. Rodrigues ◽  
Saulo F. Andrade ◽  
Susimaire P. Mantoani ◽  
Vera L. Eifler-Lima ◽  
Vinicius B. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Medicinal Chemistry ◽  
Computational Resources

An Interactive Tool for the Participatory Design of Product Interface

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loris Barbieri ◽  
Agostino Angilica ◽  
Fabio Bruno ◽  
Maurizio Muzzupappa
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
End Users ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Usability Tests ◽  
Interactive Tool ◽  
Novel Approach

The importance of participatory design (PD) is progressively increasing thanks to its capacity to explore a wide variety of concepts, thus increasing the opportunity to create a successful product. In fact the design process should not be a solo activity, as designers often need inputs and other points of view, especially from end-users. According to the ultimate idea of PD, end-users are actively involved in the various activities of the product development to ensure that their needs and desires are satisfied. This paper presents a novel approach to the participatory design of product interfaces in a user-centered design (UCD) process. The approach is based on an interactive tool that allows end-users to design custom user interfaces of household appliances taking advantage of their own needs and experiences. The tool incorporates the analytical and more abstract knowledge of the designers codified in the form of aesthetical, technological and manufacturing constraints (i.e., limitations in the number and geometry of interface components, a limited number of colors, a discretization of the area where interface widgets are placed). This solution allows the end-users to directly design their favorite interface without the interference of any other subject. Through an accurate analysis of the choices done by the users, the designers are able to access to the deepest level of the users’ expression in order to catch their latent needs and tacit knowledge. The tool has been designed in order to make possible to immediately perform usability tests on the designed interface by using a Mixed Reality prototype. The paper describes the development of the tool and proposes a methodology that has been specifically addressed to include this tool in a design process based on UCD principles. Both the tool and the methodology are presented through the description of a case-study related to the redesign of a washing machine dashboard. Experimental results show that the proposed tool can be an effective support to design product interfaces during PD sessions.

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