Modulating Antibacterial Immunity via Bacterial Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles

Abstract Background Aortic valve disease is the most common valvular heart disease leading to valve replacement. The efficacy of pharmacological therapy for aortic valve disease is limited by the high mechanical stress at the aortic valves impairing the binding rate. We aimed to identify nanoparticle coating with entire platelet membranes to fully mimic their inherent multiple adhesion mechanisms and target the sclerotic aortic valve of apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice based on their multiple sites binding capacity under high shear stress. Methods Considering the potent interaction of platelet membrane glycoproteins with components present in sclerotic aortic valves, platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles (PNPs) were synthetized and the binding capacity under high shear stress was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results Compared with PNPs bound intensity in the static station, 161%, 59%, and 39% of attached PNPs remained adherent on VWF-, collagen-, and fibrin-coated surfaces under shear stress of 25dyn/cm2 respectively. PNPs demonstrated effectively adhering to von Willebrand factor, collagen and fibrin under shear stresses in vitro. In an aortic valve disease model established in ApoE−/− mice, PNPs group exhibited significant increase of accumulation in the aortic valves compared with PBS and control NP group. PNPs displayed high degrees of proximity or co-localization with vWF, collagen and fibrin, which exhibited good targeting to sclerotic aortic valves by mimicking platelet multiple adhesive mechanisms. Conclusion PNPs could provide a promising platform for the molecular diagnosis and targeting treatment of aortic valve disease. Targeting combination Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China

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Engineering Climate-Change-Resilient Crops: New Tools and Approaches

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22157877 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 7877

Author(s):

Fahimeh Shahinnia ◽

Néstor Carrillo ◽

Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Sustainable Agriculture ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Plant Science ◽

Chemical Treatments ◽

Coated Nanoparticles ◽

Rapid Climate Change ◽

Protective Resources

Environmental adversities, particularly drought and nutrient limitation, are among the major causes of crop losses worldwide. Due to the rapid increase of the world’s population, there is an urgent need to combine knowledge of plant science with innovative applications in agriculture to protect plant growth and thus enhance crop yield. In recent decades, engineering strategies have been successfully developed with the aim to improve growth and stress tolerance in plants. Most strategies applied so far have relied on transgenic approaches and/or chemical treatments. However, to cope with rapid climate change and the need to secure sustainable agriculture and biomass production, innovative approaches need to be developed to effectively meet these challenges and demands. In this review, we summarize recent and advanced strategies that involve the use of plant-related cyanobacterial proteins, macro- and micronutrient management, nutrient-coated nanoparticles, and phytopathogenic organisms, all of which offer promise as protective resources to shield plants from climate challenges and to boost stress tolerance in crops.

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Biomimetic recombinant of red blood cell membranes for improved photothermal therapy

Journal of Nanobiotechnology ◽

10.1186/s12951-021-00949-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pengkai Wu ◽

Xing Jiang ◽

Shuai Yin ◽

Ying Yang ◽

Tianqing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Escape ◽

Green Technology ◽

Structural Failure ◽

Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽

Coated Nanoparticles ◽

Rbc Membrane ◽

Delivery Platform ◽

Red Blood Cell Membranes ◽

Endogenous Proteins ◽

Active Substances

Abstract Background RBC membrane derived nanoparticles (NPs) represent an emerging platform with prolonged circulation capacity for the delivery of active substances. For functionalize derived RBCs NPs, various strategies, such as biomimetic rebuilding of RBCs, chemical modification or inserting ligands, have been carried out to improve their performance. However, one potential adverse effect for these methods is the structural failure of membrane proteins, consequently affecting its original immune escape function. Results In this study, we reported a green technology of “disassembly-reassembly” to prepare biomimetic reconstituted RBCs membrane (rRBCs) by separating the endogenous proteins and lipids from nature RBC membrane. IR780 iodide was used as a pattern drug to verify the property and feasibility of rRBCs by constructing IR780@rRBC NPs with IR780@RBC NPs and free IR780 as controls. The results demonstrated the superiority of IR780@rRBC NPs in toxicity, stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics compared with IR780@rRBC and free IR780. Conclusions The reported “disassembly-reassembly” strategy shows great potential to produce controllable and versatile rRBC membrane-inspired delivery platform, which may be used to overcome the deficiency of functionalization in cell membrane coated nanoparticles . Graphic abstract

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