The Role of Surface Energies and Chemical Potential during Nanowire Growth

Nano Letters ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rienk E. Algra ◽  
Marcel A. Verheijen ◽  
Lou-Fé Feiner ◽  
George G. W. Immink ◽  
Willem J. P. van Enckevort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Nanowire Growth ◽  
Surface Energies

Noncommutative scalar field in de Sitter space–time and pair creation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 2150011
Author(s):  
Nabil Mehdaoui ◽  
Lamine Khodja ◽  
Salah Haouat
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
De Sitter Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Pair Creation ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Scalar Particles ◽  
Constant Electromagnetic Field

In this work, we address the process of pair creation of scalar particles in [Formula: see text] de Sitter space–time in presence of a constant electromagnetic field by applying the noncommutativity on the scalar field up to first-order in [Formula: see text]. We calculate the density of particles created in the vacuum by the mean of the Bogoliubov transformations. In contrast to a previous result, we show that noncommutativity contributes to the pair creation process. We find that the noncommutativity plays the same role of chemical potential and gives an important interest for studies at high energies.

Role of surrounding oxygen on oxide nanowire growth

2010 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 073114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annop Klamchuen ◽  
Takeshi Yanagida ◽  
Masaki Kanai ◽  
Kazuki Nagashima ◽  
Keisuke Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanowire Growth

Theoretical study of first row transitional metals effects on stabilization of verdoheme analogues

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1100-1109
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Taghizadeh ◽  
Maryam Daghighi Asli ◽  
Parisa Rajabali Jamaat
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Dft Method ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Orbital Energy ◽  
Central Metal ◽  
Transitional Metals ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
Energy Formula ◽  
Homo And Lumo

Heme catabolism is an important physiological process that converts heme to biliverdin in the presence of heme oxygenase which has an essential role in destroying unwanted heme. Verdohemes, the green iron (II) complexes of the 5-oxaporphyrin macrocycle are produced by oxidative destruction of heme. The main goal of this study is clarification of the central metal effect on stabilization of metal 5-oxaporphyrin molecules. To investigate the role of central metal on geometric and electronic properties of five coordinated verdoheme analogues, the first row transitional metals, including Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn, as the central metal of five-coordinated metal 5-oxaporphyrins were systematically calculated without any symmetry constraint by using the B3LYP as DFT method and the 6-31G basis set in gas and solvent phases. According to the results, the stabilization energy of metal 5-oxaporphyrins increases with atomic mass in the solvent phase more than in the gas phase. By reviewing the properties such as the computed frontier orbital energy, HOMO and LUMO gap energy [Formula: see text], hardness [Formula: see text], chemical potential [Formula: see text], softness (s) and electrophilicity [Formula: see text], the pharmaceutical use of this compound can be discussed.

The role of twin boundary and surface energies in periodically twinned 〈111〉 nanowires

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hsien Wu ◽  
Deborah M. Aruguete ◽  
W.T. Reynolds ◽  
M. Murayama
Keyword(s):  
Twin Boundary ◽  
Surface Energies

Activation Volumes of Magnetic Aftereffects: Role of the Magnon Chemical Potential in Nanomagnets

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 3614-3616 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H. Bennett ◽  
E. Della Torre ◽  
S. Rao ◽  
R.E. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Potential

THE ROLE OF ANTIKAON CONDENSATES IN THE EQUATION OF STATE OF NEUTRON STARS

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (08n10) ◽  
pp. 1545-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
A. MESQUITA ◽  
M. RAZEIRA ◽  
C. A. Z. VASCONCELLOS
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Field Approximation ◽  
Mean Field Approximation ◽  
Charge Neutrality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nucleon Matter

We study the consequences of the presence of a negative electric charge condensate of antikaons in neutron stars using an effective model with derivative couplings. In our formalism, nucleons interact through the exchange of σ, ω and ϱ mesons, in the presence of electrons and muons, to accomplish electric charge neutrality and beta equilibrium. The phase transition to the antikaon condensate was implemented through the Gibbs conditions combined with the mean-field approximation, giving rise to a mixed phase of coexistence between nucleon matter and the antikaon condensate. Assuming neutrino-free matter, we observe a rapid decrease of the electron chemical potential produced by the gradual substitution of electrons by kaons to accomplish electric charge neutrality. The exotic composition of matter in neutron star including antikaon condensation and nucleons can yield a maximum mass of about M ns ~ 1.76 M ⊙.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics of manganese oxides: Sodium, potassium, and calcium birnessite and cryptomelane

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (7) ◽  
pp. E1046-E1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Birkner ◽  
Alexandra Navrotsky
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Oxidation State ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Surface Energies ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Bulk Thermodynamics ◽  
Lower Surface Energy

Manganese oxides with layer and tunnel structures occur widely in nature and inspire technological applications. Having variable compositions, these structures often are found as small particles (nanophases). This study explores, using experimental thermochemistry, the role of composition, oxidation state, structure, and surface energy in the their thermodynamic stability. The measured surface energies of cryptomelane, sodium birnessite, potassium birnessite and calcium birnessite are all significantly lower than those of binary manganese oxides (Mn3O4, Mn2O3, and MnO2), consistent with added stabilization of the layer and tunnel structures at the nanoscale. Surface energies generally decrease with decreasing average manganese oxidation state. A stabilizing enthalpy contribution arises from increasing counter-cation content. The formation of cryptomelane from birnessite in contact with aqueous solution is favored by the removal of ions from the layered phase. At large surface area, surface-energy differences make cryptomelane formation thermodynamically less favorable than birnessite formation. In contrast, at small to moderate surface areas, bulk thermodynamics and the energetics of the aqueous phase drive cryptomelane formation from birnessite, perhaps aided by oxidation-state differences. Transformation among birnessite phases of increasing surface area favors compositions with lower surface energy. These quantitative thermodynamic findings explain and support qualitative observations of phase-transformation patterns gathered from natural and synthetic manganese oxides.

Role of surface energies in superconductivity

Physica ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S42-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.L. Ginzburg
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energies

Role of chemical potential in relaxation of faceted crystal structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua P. Schneider ◽  
Kanna Nakamura ◽  
Dionisios Margetis
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Chemical Potential
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