A Real-Time Study of Homogeneous Nucleation, Growth, and Phase Transformations in Nanodroplets of Low Molecular Weight Isotactic Polypropylene Using AFM

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (20) ◽  
pp. 7223-7230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekshmi Kailas ◽  
Cvetelin Vasilev ◽  
Jean-Nicolas Audinot ◽  
Henri-Noël Migeon ◽  
Jamie K. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Homogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Time Study ◽  
Nucleation Growth

Real-time measurement of cell permeabilization with low-molecular-weight membranolytic agents

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Virta ◽  
Karl E. O. Åkerman ◽  
Petri Saviranta ◽  
Christian Oker-Blom ◽  
Matti T. Karp
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Permeabilization ◽  
Real Time Measurement

714 Real-time, in Vivo Imaging of Convective Distribution of a Low-molecular-weight Tracer

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-457
Author(s):  
David Croteau ◽  
Stuart Walbridge ◽  
Paul F. Morrison ◽  
John A. Butman ◽  
Alexander O. Vortmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

714 Real-time, in Vivo Imaging of Convective Distribution of a Low-molecular-weight Tracer

Neurosurgery ◽  
2004 ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
David Croteau ◽  
Stuart Walbridge ◽  
Paul F. Morrison ◽  
John A. Butman ◽  
Alexander O. Vortmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

Real-time in vivo imaging of the convective distribution of a low-molecular-weight tracer

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Croteau ◽  
Stuart Walbridge ◽  
Paul F. Morrison ◽  
John A. Butman ◽  
Alexander O. Vortmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Quantitative Autoradiography ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Convection Enhanced Delivery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is increasingly used to distribute therapeutic agents to locations in the central nervous system. The optimal application of convective distribution of various agents requires the development of imaging tracers to monitor CED in vivo in real time. The authors examined the safety and utility of an iodine-based low-molecular-weight surrogate tracer for computerized tomography (CT) scanning during CED. Methods. Various volumes (total volume range 90–150 µ1) of iopamidol (MW 777 D) were delivered to the cerebral white matter of four primates (Macaca mulatta) by using CED. The distribution of this imaging tracer was determined by in vivo real-time and postinfusion CT scanning (≤ 5 days after infusion [one animal]) as well as by quantitative autoradiography (14C-sucrose [all animals] and 14C-dextran [one animal]), and compared with a mathematical model. Clinical observation (≤ 5 months) and histopathological analyses were used to evaluate the safety and toxicity of the tracer delivery. Real-time CT scanning of the tracer during infusion revealed a clearly definable region of perfusion. The volume of distribution (Vd) increased linearly (r2 = 0.97) with an increasing volume of infusion (Vi). The overall Vd/Vi ratio was 4.1 ± 0.7 (mean ± standard deviation) and the distribution of infusate was homogeneous. Quantitative autoradiography confirmed the accuracy of the imaged distribution for a small (sucrose, MW 359 D) and a large (dextran, MW 70 kD) molecule. The distribution of the infusate was identifiable up to 72 hours after infusion. There was no clinical or histopathological evidence of toxicity in any animal. Conclusions. Real-time in vivo CT scanning of CED of iopamidol appears to be safe, feasible, and suitable for monitoring convective delivery of drugs with certain features and low infusion volumes.

Reversed-Phase Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry Applied to the Real-Time Monitoring of Low Molecular Weight Alcohols in Chloroform

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin S. Creaser ◽  
David Gómez Lamarca ◽  
Jeffrey Brum ◽  
Christopher Werner ◽  
Anthony P. New ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
The Real ◽  
Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry

Real-time microwave characterization of low-molecular-weight antioxidant biomarkers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Naumova ◽  
Hanna Hlukhova ◽  
Svetlana Vitusevich ◽  
Alexander Barannik ◽  
Alexey Gubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Microwave Characterization
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