A Kinetic Investigation of Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene Using Reversible Addition−Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT) Agents with a Low Transfer Constant

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 4309-4318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred Smulders ◽  
Robert G. Gilbert ◽  
Michael J. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Kinetic Investigation ◽  
Seeded Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Transfer Constant ◽  
Reversible Addition

scholarly journals A Roadmap towards Successful Nanocapsule Synthesis via Vesicle Templated RAFT-Based Emulsion Polymerization

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Rusli ◽  
Alexander Jackson ◽  
Alexander van Herk
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
Reversible Addition

Vesicle templated emulsion polymerization is a special form of emulsion polymerization where the polymer is grown from the outside of the vesicle, leading to nanocapsules. Cost effective nanocapsules synthesis is in high demand due to phasing out of older methods for capsule synthesis. Although the first indications of this route being successful were published some 10 years ago, until now a thorough understanding of the parameters controlling the morphologies resulting from the template emulsion polymerization was lacking. Most often a mixture of different morphologies was obtained, ranging from solid particles to pro-trusion structures to nanocapsules. A high yield of nanocapsules was not achieved until now. In this paper, the influence of initial vesicle dispersion, choice of the Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) species and oligomer, monomer and crosslinker have been investigated. It turns out that good initial vesicle dispersion, molecular control of the RAFT process, a not too hydrophobic monomer and some crosslinking is needed to result in high yield of nanocapsules. In previous work, the level of RAFT control was often suboptimal and not properly verified and although nanocapsules were shown, other morphologies were also present. We now believe we have a full understanding of vesicle templated nanocapsules synthesis, relevant to many applications.

Toughening of an epoxy thermoset with poly[styrene-alt-(maleic acid)]-block-polystyrene-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate) reactive core–shell particles

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 35621-35627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren He ◽  
Xiaoli Zhan ◽  
Qinghua Zhang ◽  
Fengqiu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Raft Agent ◽  
Shell Particles

Reactive core–shell particles for epoxy toughening were synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer emulsion polymerization mediated by an amphiphilic macro-RAFT agent followed by core-crosslinking to increase stability.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Poly(3-vinylpyridine)-Block-Polystyrene Diblock Copolymers via Surfactant-Free RAFT Emulsion Polymerization

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Nieswandt ◽  
Prokopios Georgopanos ◽  
Clarissa Abetz ◽  
Volkan Filiz ◽  
Volker Abetz
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Diblock Copolymers ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Raft Polymerization ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Monomer Conversion ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Reversible Addition

In this work, we present a novel synthetic route to diblock copolymers based on styrene and 3-vinylpyridine monomers. Surfactant-free water-based reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of the macroRAFT agent poly(3-vinylpyridine) (P3VP) is used to synthesize diblock copolymers with molecular weights of around 60 kDa. The proposed mechanism for the poly(3-vinylpyridine)-block-poly(styrene) (P3VP-b-PS) synthesis is the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) which involves the in situ formation of well-defined micellar nanoscale objects consisting of a PS core and a stabilizing P3VP macroRAFT agent corona. The presented approach shows a well-controlled RAFT polymerization, allowing for the synthesis of diblock copolymers with high monomer conversion. The obtained diblock copolymers display microphase-separated structures according to their composition.

Nano-Engineered Multiblock Copolymer Nanoparticles via Reversible Addition–Fragmentation Chain Transfer Emulsion Polymerization

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 2965-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago R. Guimarães ◽  
Murtaza Khan ◽  
Rhiannon P. Kuchel ◽  
Isabel C. Morrow ◽  
Hideto Minami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Multiblock Copolymer ◽  
Reversible Addition

Emulsifier‐free reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer emulsion polymerization of alkyl acrylates mediated by symmetrical trithiocarbonates based on poly(acrylic acid)

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1303-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia S Serkhacheva ◽  
Nikolay I Prokopov ◽  
Elena V Chernikova ◽  
Elena Y Kozhunova ◽  
Inna O Lebedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Alkyl Acrylates ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid
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