Limitations in the Use of Surface Tension and the Gibbs Equation To Determine Surface Excesses of Cationic Surfactants

Langmuir ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 6739-6747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Xun Li ◽  
Robert K. Thomas ◽  
Jeffrey Penfold
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Gibbs Equation

scholarly journals Poly(Oxyethylene)-Amidoamine Based Gemini Cationic Surfactants for Oilfield Applications: Effect of Hydrophilicity of Spacer Group

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Shakil Hussain ◽  
Ahmad Mahboob ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Nacl Solution

Thermal stability, salt tolerance, and solubility in normal and high salinity brine are the major requirements for any surfactant designed for oilfield applications because the surfactant stays in a non-ambient environment inside the reservoir for a long period of time. Herein, a series of new gemini cationic surfactants (GSs) with varying spacer hydrophilicity were synthesized and elucidated using MALDI-ToF-MS, NMR (1H, 13C), as well as FTIR spectroscopy. GSs found to be soluble in normal as well as high salinity brine and aqueous stability tests revealed that GSs possess the ability to retain their structural integrity at high salinity and high temperature conditions because no suspension formation or precipitation was detected in the oven aged sample of GSs at 90 °C for 30 days. Thermal gravimetric analysis displayed a higher decomposition temperature than the real reservoir temperature and the GS with a secondary amine spacer exhibited high heat stability. The significant reduction in surface tension and critical micelle concentration was observed using 1 M NaCl solution in place of deionized water. The difference in surface tension and critical micelle concentration was insignificant when the 1 M NaCl solution was replaced with seawater. The synthesized surfactants can be utilized for oilfield applications in a challenging high temperature high salinity environment.

Modeling Adsorption of Cationic Surfactants at Air/Water Interface without Using the Gibbs Equation

Langmuir ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 4743-4749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi M. Phan ◽  
Thu N. Le ◽  
Cuong V. Nguyen ◽  
Shin-ichi Yusa
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Gibbs Equation ◽  
Air Water Interface

scholarly journals Micelle and Surface Tension of Double-Chain Cationic Surfactants

ACS Omega ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 10907-10911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Minh Phan ◽  
Shin-ichi Yusa ◽  
Tomoko Honda ◽  
Komol Kanta Sharker ◽  
Anita Evelyn Hyde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Double Chain

Surface Tension–Concentration Relationship for Solutions (Gibbs Equation)

1968 ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
J.M. WILSON ◽  
R.J. NEWCOMBE ◽  
A.R. DENARO ◽  
R.M.W. RICKETT
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Gibbs Equation

Effect of Ethoxylation and Molecular Weight of Cationic Surfactants on Nucleate Boiling in Aqueous Solutions

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juntao Zhang ◽  
Raj M. Manglik
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Cationic Surfactants ◽  
Bubble Dynamics ◽  
Surfactant Solution ◽  
Dynamic Surface Tension ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Dynamic Surface ◽  
Reduce Surface Tension

Saturated, nucleate pool boiling on a horizontal, cylindrical heater and the associated bubble dynamics in aqueous solutions of cationic surfactants of different molecular weight and ethoxylation or ethylene oxide (EO) content, are experimentally investigated. Boiling curves qw″∝ΔTsat for different concentrations and photographic records of the salient features of the ebullient behavior are presented, along with a characterization of interfacial properties (surface tension and contact angle). The surfactant additive significantly alters the nucleate boiling in water and enhances the heat transfer. The enhancement increases with concentration, with an optimum obtained in solutions at or near the critical micelle concentration (c.m.c.) of the surfactant. The photographic and visual observations indicate a markedly different boiling behavior than that of water, as well as between pre- and post-c.m.c. solutions. A lower molecular weight surfactant tends to reduce surface tension faster, and show better enhancement performance than its higher molecular weight counterpart. With EO groups in its molecular chain the surfactant solution becomes more hydrophilic, and the higher wettability tends to suppress nucleation, thereby weakening the boiling process. Also, enhancement in pre-micellar solutions is shown to depend on the dynamic surface tension, and the number of EO groups in and molecular weight of the surfactant.

scholarly journals Studies on the Interactions of Paracetamol in Water and Binary Solvent Mixtures at T = (298.15–313.15) K: Viscometric and Surface Tension Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2776-2786
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Surface Excess ◽  
Gibbs Equation ◽  
Surface Tension Data ◽  
D Values

Temperature, concentration, and solvent conditions have consequences on the formation and dissolution of the drug. Viscometric measurements of paracetamol solutions of different concentrations in 5, 10, and 15% methanol have been made at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15K. Surface tension values (γ) of the solutions were obtained experimentally by using a stalagmometer as well as were derived from the ultrasonic velocity (U) and density (d) values at 298.15 K. The surface tension data have been analyzed using the Gibbs equation to evaluate surface excess (Γ_2). The surface tension and surface excess data obtained by the two different methods are well in accordance. The viscosity (ɳ) data were used to calculate relative viscosity (ɳ_(r ) ), Falkenhagen coefficients (A_(F )), Jone-Dole’s coefficients (B_(J ) ) and chemical potential (μ). The obtained data have been analyzed based on the Jones-Dole equation to know the molecular interactions.

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