Correction to DLVO-Based Estimates of Adsorbed Water Film Thicknesses in Geologic CO2 Reservoirs

Langmuir ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 3152-3152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsu K. Tokunaga
Keyword(s):  
Water Film ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Adsorbed Water Film

Effect of Thickness of Water Film on Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 221-224
Author(s):  
Yuji Hosoya ◽  
Tadashi Shinohara ◽  
Shin-ichi Motoda ◽  
Wataru Oshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Adsorbed Water Film

Atmospheric corrosion for carbon steel was discussed with taking notice of the relation between the corrosion rate, CR, and the thickness of adsorbed water film, d, onto deposited sea salt. Amount of water adsorbed onto sea salt was measured under various conditions of amount of deposited sea salt, Ws, and relative humidity, RH. Derived concentration of the solution film was compared with that calculated thermodynamically. Corrosion amount of carbon steel specimens exposed for a month under various Ws and RH was measured and CR along with d were obtained for each condition. The relations of CR to d had the same tendency as is found on “moist corrosion” and “wet corrosion” in Tomashov’s model; However, it showed a maximum CR = 0.29mm/y at d = 56µm, thicker than that reported by Tomashov.

Liquid-Mediated Adhesion at the Thin Film Magnetic Disk/Slider Interface

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bhushan ◽  
M. T. Dugger
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Disk Surface ◽  
Adhesive Force ◽  
Contact Duration ◽  
Asperity Contacts ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Magnetic Recording Heads

The adhesive force between magnetic-recording heads and thin film disks in a direction normal to the interface has been measured for a variety of loads, contact times, separation rates, and relative humidities with and without a layer of perfluoropolyether lubricant at the interface. At low humidities, the adhesive force due to the lubricant film alone is small for the lubricant thickness and disk surface roughness used. We find that the major component of the adhesive force between the slider and the disk in humid environments may be attributed to an adsorbed water film which can displace the lubricant (if the disk is lubricated) at sufficiently high loads, during tangential sliding, or after extended exposure to high concentrations of water vapor and create menisci around individual asperity contacts. The adhesive force was found to increase with contact duration on the unlubricated disk, but was essentially independent of contact duration on the lubricated disk. For both lubricated and unlubricated disks, the adhesive force increased with increasing relative humidity and loading rate, but was independent of applied normal load.

scholarly journals Relationship between Landform Development and Lake Water Recharge in the Badain Jaran Desert, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1999
Author(s):  
Da-Peng Yue ◽  
Jing-Bo Zhao ◽  
Yan-Dong Ma ◽  
Xiao-Gang Huang ◽  
Tian-Jie Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Film ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
High Water ◽  
Badain Jaran Desert ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Water Recharge ◽  
Landform Development ◽  
Precipitation Events

Four distinctive but poorly documented landforms in the Badain Jaran megadunes were studied: arcuate steps, multi-stage fans, depressions formed by runoff erosion, and groundwater overflow zones around lakes. The development of these four landform types indicates the following: (1) The hydrological balance in the sand layers of the megadune areas is positive; (2) After evaporation and transpiration, precipitation is able to infiltrate the deep sand layers; (3) Precipitation is a source for the groundwater and for many of the lakes of the area. The groundwater recharge mechanism is characterized by intense precipitation events that provide a water source, high infiltration rate, shallow evaporation depth, and low water retention. These factors together enable the precipitation to be transformed into groundwater. The energy of gravity water and the high water film pressure of adsorbed water together provide the forces necessary for effective water recharge.

scholarly journals Moisture Induced Degradation of Porous Low-k Materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Baklanov ◽  
David O'Dwyer ◽  
Adam M Urbanowicz ◽  
Quoc Toan Le ◽  
Steven Demuynck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Film ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Film Bulk ◽  
Low K

AbstractInteraction of moisture with porous low-k films is evaluated by using in situ ellipsometry setup. The adsorbed water amount is calculated from change of refractive index measured during the adsorption. Pristine low-k films reversibly adsorb 2 - 5% of water that reflects presence of constitutive hydrophilic centrums. Plasma and thermal treatments increase the number of hydrophilic centrums. Once the amount of these centrums has reached a certain critical value sufficient to form a continuous water film, bulk water condensation is observed. Change of properties during the water adsorption in the damaged films is not fully reversible. Each additional adsorption cycle increases the dielectric function of the film because of decreasing porosity, increasing skeleton density and shrinkage. The pressure corresponding to the bulk condensation allows us to calculate internal contact angle (internal surface energy) of low-k materials. The water molecules adsorbed on separate OH groups play the role of a catalyst that hydrolyses the siloxane bridges initially present on hydrophobic surface.

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