Surface Interactions during Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Buildup. 1. Interactions and Layer Structure in Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

Langmuir ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 5432-5438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Blomberg ◽  
Evgeni Poptoshev ◽  
Per M. Claesson ◽  
Frank Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Surface Interactions ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Multilayer ◽  
Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

The precision measurement of single ion diffusion coefficients

1958 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
R Mills ◽  
EW Godbole
Keyword(s):  
Precision Measurement ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Ion Diffusion ◽  
Capillary Method ◽  
Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

The precision measurement of single ion diffusion coefficients in dilute electrolyte solutions would be of considerable value. A method is described which is capable of giving the required precision. It involves a modification of the open-ended capillary method by enclosure of the capillary of diffusing radioactive material in a scintillator so that its contents can be continually monitored during the course of diffusion.

Measurement of mass transfer coefficients with an electrochemical method using dilute electrolyte solutions

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Sakakihara ◽  
Joseph R.V. Flora ◽  
Makram T. Suidan ◽  
Pratim Biswas ◽  
Masao Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

On the Hall number in dilute electrolyte solutions

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-981
Author(s):  
V.R. Chechetkin ◽  
V.S. Lutovinov
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

Electrokinetic and Direct Force Measurements between Silica and Mica Surfaces in Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

Langmuir ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2207-2214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick G. Hartley ◽  
Ian Larson ◽  
Peter J. Scales
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Dilute Electrolyte Solutions

scholarly journals The Jones-Ray Effect Is Not Caused by Surface Active Impurities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
halil okur ◽  
Chad Drexler ◽  
Eric Tyrode ◽  
Paul S. Cremer ◽  
Sylvie Roke
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Aqueous Electrolyte ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Surface Phenomena ◽  
Cleaning Procedure ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Dilute Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Repeated Aspiration ◽  
Effect Of Surface

<p>Pure aqueous electrolyte solutions display a minimum in surface tension at concentrations of ~ 2 mM. This effect has been a source of controversy since first reported by Jones and Ray in the 1930s. The Jones-Ray effect and many other surface phenomena have frequently been dismissed as an artifact and linked to the presence of surface-active impurities. Herein we systematically consider the effect of surface-active impurities by purposely adding nanomolar concentrations of surfactants to dilute electrolyte solutions. Trace amounts of surfactant are indeed found to decrease the surface tension and influence the surface chemistry. However, surfactants can be removed by repeated aspiration and stirring cycles, that eventually deplete the surfactant from solution creating a “surface chemically pure” interface. Upon following this cleaning procedure, a reduction in the surface tension of millimolar concentrations of salt is still observed. Consequently, we demonstrate the Jones-Ray effect is not caused by surface active impurities. </p>

scholarly journals Ion-specific Adsorption on Bare Gold (Au) Nanoparticles in aqueous Solution: Double-Layer Structure and Surface Potentials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhujie Li ◽  
Victor G. Ruiz ◽  
Matej Kanduč ◽  
Joachim Dzubiella
Keyword(s):  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Electrostatic Potentials ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Effective Surface ◽  
Surface Potentials ◽  
Adsorption Structure ◽  
Highly Oscillatory ◽  
Bare Gold

We study the solvation and electrostatic properties of bare gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) of 1-2 nm in size in aqueous electrolyte solutions of sodium salts of various anions with large physicochemical diversity (Cl<sup>-</sup>, BF<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, PF<sub>6</sub><sup>-</sup>, Nip<sup>-</sup>(nitrophenolate), 3- and 4-valent hexacyanoferrate (HCF)) using nonpolarizable, classical molecular dynamics computer simulations. We find a substantial facet selectivity in the adsorption structure and spatial distribution of the ions at the Au-NPs: while sodium and some of the anions (e.g., Cl<sup>-</sup>, HCF<sup>3-</sup>) adsorb more at the `edgy' (100) and (110) facets of the NPs, where the water hydration structure is more disordered, other ions (e.g., BF<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, PF<sub>6</sub><sup>-</sup>, Nip<sup>-</sup>) prefer to adsorb strongly on the extended and rather flat (111) facets. In particular, Nip<sup>-</sup>, which features an aromatic ring in its chemical structure, adsorbs strongly and perturbs the first water monolayer structure on the NP (111) facets substantially. Moreover, we calculate adsorptions, radially-resolved electrostatic potentials, as well as the far-field <i>effective</i> electrostatic surface charges and potentials by mapping the long-range decay of the calculated electrostatic potential distribution onto the standard Debye-Hückel form. We show how the extrapolation of these values to other ionic strengths can be performed by an analytical Adsorption-Grahame relation between effective surface charge and potential. We find for all salts negative effective surface potentials in the range from -10 mV for NaCl down to about -80 mV for NaNip, consistent with typical experimental ranges for the zeta-potential. We discuss how these values depend on the surface definition and compare them to the explicitly calculated electrostatic potentials near the NP surface, which are highly oscillatory in the ± 0.5 V range. <br>

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