Solvent effect on the relative nucleofugalities of pyridines and phenoxide ions: Broensted-type plots in the pyridinolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl methyl carbonate and 2,4-dinitrophenyl acetate in aqueous ethanol

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (26) ◽  
pp. 5072-5077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique A. Castro ◽  
Maria T. Borquez ◽  
Paulina M. Parada
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Methyl Carbonate

ELECTROPHILIC CATALYSIS IN SOLVOLYTIC REACTIONS: VII. SOLVENT EFFECT

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1770-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anantaraman ◽  
K. Saramma
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Aqueous Acetone ◽  
Normal Reaction ◽  
Suggested Explanation

The rates of mercuric chloride catalyzed solvolysis of some alkyl chlorides in aqueous acetone and ethanol solvents have been compared. It is found that the increase in rate on changing from the acetone to the ethanol solvent is less in the catalyzed than in the normal reaction. On the basis that the electrophilic activity of the catalyst is less in aqueous ethanol than in aqueous acetone an explanation for the anomaly has been suggested. The effect, on the rates of solvolysis, of added chloride ions is in accord with the suggested explanation.

The Zinc Aqua Complex of a Tetrapodal Pentaamine Ligand and its Reactivity towards Carbon Dioxide

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1600-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Pitarch López ◽  
Frank W. Heinemann ◽  
Andreas Grohmann
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Crystal Structure Data ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Aqua Complex ◽  
Carbonate Complex ◽  
Methyl Carbonate ◽  
Reversible Formation ◽  
C Nmr

In the context of derivatisation studies of the pentaamine ligand 2,6-C5H3N[CMe(CH2NH2)2]2 (2-(6-(1,3-diamino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diamine, 1), we explored its zinc(II) coordination chemistry. With ZnBr2 in hot aqueous ethanol, in the absence of Lewis acid, the aqua complex [Zn(1)(H2O)]Br2 (2) is obtained, in which the pentaamine ligand acts as a square-pyramidal coordination cap. Single crystal structure data for the dihydrate of 2 are reported. In methanol solution, the complex is reactive towards carbon dioxide, and spectroscopic data (IR, 13C NMR) indicate the reversible formation of the dinuclear methyl carbonate complex [(Zn(1))2(μ2-(η1-O,η1-O)O2COCH3)]Br3.

Kinetic Solvent Effects in Organic Reactions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Slakman ◽  
Richard West
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
High Throughput Manner

<div> <div> <div> <p>This article reviews prior work studying reaction kinetics in solution, with the goal of using this information to improve detailed kinetic modeling in the solvent phase. Both experimental and computational methods for calculating reaction rates in liquids are reviewed. Previous studies, which used such methods to determine solvent effects, are then analyzed based on reaction family. Many of these studies correlate kinetic solvent effect with one or more solvent parameters or properties of reacting species, but it is not always possible, and investigations are usually done on too few reactions and solvents to truly generalize. From these studies, we present suggestions on how best to use data to generalize solvent effects for many different reaction types in a high throughput manner. </p> </div> </div> </div>

The Inhibitory Effect of Panax Ginseng Extract on Amyloid-like Fibril Formation of Trypsin in Aqueous Ethanol

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phanindra B. Kasi ◽  
Marta Kotorman ◽  
Attila Borics ◽  
Beata G. Hervay ◽  
Kinga Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fibril Formation ◽  
Ginseng Extract

Isotope solvent effect on the hydrogenation of maleic acid

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1832-1837
Author(s):  
Rostislav Kudláček ◽  
Josef Cabicar ◽  
Milan Buňata
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Maleic Acid
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