Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. CXXVI. Hydrocarbon interaction with xanthine oxidase by phenyl substituents on purines and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Baker ◽  
William F. Wood ◽  
Janos A. Kozma
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors

Novel C-9, 9'-O-acyl Esters of (-)-Carinol as Free-radical Scavengers and Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme Inhibitors: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Suryadevara ◽  
Hari Babu Tatipaka ◽  
Rama Subba Rao Vidadala ◽  
Ashok k Tiwari ◽  
Janaswamy Madhusudana Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme ◽  
Synthesis And Biological Evaluation

Novel C-9, 9'-O-acyl Esters of (-)-Carinol as Free-radical Scavengers and Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme Inhibitors: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Suryadevara ◽  
Hari Babu Tatipaka ◽  
Rama Subba Rao Vidadala ◽  
Ashok k Tiwari ◽  
Janaswamy Madhusudana Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Oxidase Enzyme ◽  
Synthesis And Biological Evaluation

scholarly journals Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities in vitro of Gomphrena CelosiodesMart

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Kim Thu ◽  
Vu Thi Hoa ◽  
Chu Ngoc Khanh ◽  
Bui Thanh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that has an improtant role in the synthesis of uric acid. XO is an enzyme allowscatalyzing the hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. These are two reactions in the final stage of metabolism of the purines in the body. Offal, XO enzyme inhibitors reduce biosynthesis of uric acid have been used to prevent and treat gout. In this study, Gompherena celosiodes is extracted by ultrasonic with ethanol 80 % (EtOH)solvents and fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) solvents. These fractions were evaluated xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities in vitro. The results show that n-BuOH fraction from roots bark had the strongest XO enzyme inhibitory activity (IC50: 27,39 ± 0,31µg/mL), followed by EtOH fraction (IC50: 47,37 ± 0,26 µg/mL) and EtOAc fraction (IC50: 33,36 ± 0,51µg/mL) and the lowest is n-hexan fraction (IC50: 81,59 ± 0,21µg/mL). The research results indicated that the n-BuOH fraction and the EtOAc fraction from tree-hatched soil have a potential in the prevention and treatment of gout.

scholarly journals EXPLORATION OF MICROORGANISMS AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS: AN UPDATED REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Rajeswari Batchu ◽  
Joshna Rani Surapaneni
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Rational Drug Design ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Rational Drug

Nowadays the prevalence of hyperuricemia has significantly increased in which serum uric acid levels are exceeding the normal range. Gout is the predominant clinical implication of the hyperuricemia, but many clinical investigations have confirmed that hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes, and many other diseases. The xanthine oxidase (XO) converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and ultimately to uric acid, and the irreversibly accumulated uric acid causes hyperuricemia associated with gout. Hence specific and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI) are potentially powerful tools for inactivating target XO in the pathogenic process of hyperuricemia (Gout). The objective of the current study was to overview the various XOI isolated from the microorganisms. Microorganisms have been employed for several decades for the large-scale production of a variety of bio-chemicals ranging from alcohol to antibiotics and as well as enzyme inhibitors. Currently available XOI (allopurinol and febuxostat) for the treatment of gout have been exhibiting serious side effects. Thus, there is a need to search for new molecules to treat hyperuricemia and its associated disorders. At present, microbes have been unexplored in the development of successful products for the management of XO-related diseases. Hence, the present review focused on novel XOI produced from various microbial species such as Actinobacteria, lichens, bacteria, endophytic fungi and mushrooms, which can be expected to play an important role in the ongoing transition from the empirical screening to the real rational drug design. 

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