Antimalarial activity of new water-soluble dihydroartemisinin derivatives. 2. Stereospecificity of the ether side chain

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Jeng Lin ◽  
Margaret Lee ◽  
Daniel L. Klayman
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain

Pyridine-based poly(aryleneethynylene)s: a study on anionic side chain density and their influence on optical properties and metallochromicity

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (116) ◽  
pp. 96189-96193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Bender ◽  
Kai Seehafer ◽  
Marlene Findt ◽  
Uwe H. F. Bunz
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Phenylene Ethynylene ◽  
Alternating Copolymers

We report the Pd-catalyzed synthesis of six new water soluble, alternating poly(p-phenylene-ethynylene-p-pyridinylene-ethynylene) (abcb-alternating) copolymers and one poly(p-pyridinyleneethynylene).

Tolerance of Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) to 2,4-D

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Davis ◽  
Dean L. Linscott
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Differential Binding ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soluble Components

Translocation and metabolism of14C-2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] and effects of 2,4-D on protein synthesis were compared in ‘T–68’ (2,4-D tolerant) and ‘Viking’ (susceptible) birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.) in an attempt to elucidate some tolerance mechanisms. After14C-2,4-D was applied to upper trifoliate leaves, significantly less 2,4-D was found in stems, in leaves below the treated leaves, and in roots of T–68 compared to Viking. More 2,4-D was bound to alcohol-insoluble cellular constituents of T–68 leaves, stems, and roots. When alcohol-soluble components were fractionated, slightly more14C water-soluble compounds were found in T–68, indicating further inactivation by glycosylation. No amino acid-2,4-D conjugates were found. The rate of14CO2evolution from14C-2,4-D treated seedlings in T–68 was five times that in Viking. Protein synthesis appeared to be more rapid in T–68 but the relationship to 2,4-D was not clear. In part, 2,4-D resistance in T–68 may result from its ability to inactivate 2,4-D by differential binding and conjugation and by side chain breakdown as indicated by14CO2release.

Movement and Metabolism of CIPC in Resistant and Susceptible Species

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Prendeville ◽  
Y. Eshel ◽  
C. S. James ◽  
G. F. Warren ◽  
M. M. Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations ◽  
Root Treatment

Sublethal concentrations of isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl)- carbamate (CIPC) labeled with 14C in the ring or side chain were applied to all leaves present or to the roots of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), pale smartweed (Polygonum lapathiofolium L.), and parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.). These species were selected because of their different susceptibilities to CIPC. The herbicide did not move out of the treated leaves in pigweed and smartweed and only slightly in parsnip in 21 days. In root treatment (3 days), the herbicide moved to all plant parts and the extent of movement was essentially the same in all species. Water soluble metabolites, which differed in Rf values were extracted from all three species. The metabolites apparently were not the result of cleavage of the CIPC molecule, but were more likely conjugates of CIPC with natural plant component(s). Very little 14CO2 was released by any of the species in 3 days. These data indicate that differences in movement and metabolism are not sufficient to account for the different susceptibilities of these three plant species.

Isolation of lignocellulose-decomposing actinomycetes and degradation of specifically 14C-labeled lignocelluloses by six selected Streptomyces strains

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1270-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Phelan ◽  
Don L. Crawford ◽  
Anthony L. Pometto III
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Enrichment Techniques

Forty-two actinomycete strains were isolated by enrichment techniques from soils and other lignocellulose-containing natural habitats. Isolates were screened for their lignocellulose-decomposing abilities using a substrate weight loss – 14C-labeled lignocellulose degradation assay which determined the relative abilities of each isolate to attack lignin versus glucan components of lignocellulose. Six Streptomyces strains were selected for further study, based upon their abilities to decompose significantly both lignin and glucan components of lignocellulose. The selected strains were examined under defined cultural conditions for their abilities to decompose 14C-labeled lignocelluloses prepared from Douglas fir. The 14C-labeled lignocellulose substrates included specifically lignin-labeled or glucan-labeled lignocelluloses, and two [14C]lignin lignocelluloses labeled specifically in only the lignin side chain or ring components. Results showed that the Streptomyces strains decomposed substantial amounts of both lignin and glucan components to 14CO2, and 14C-labeled water-soluble products. As compared with previously described lignocellulose-degrading streptomycetes, these strains were generally more efficient decomposers of the lignin component of lignocellulose, but were similar in their abilities to decompose the glucan component. Characterization of growth on specifically labeled lignins showed that aromatic ring structures within the lignin were cleaved and a substantial percentage of the ring carbons were released as CO2. In contrast, side-chain components were attacked to only a limited degree. These streptomycetes were similar to other recently characterized lignin-decomposing bacteria in their overall abilities to degrade lignin, but their specificity of attack on the structural components of lignin appears to be different.

scholarly journals Substrate Interactions during the Biodegradation of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX) Hydrocarbons by the Fungus Cladophialophora sp. Strain T1

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 2660-2665 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. X. Prenafeta-Boldú ◽  
J. Vervoort ◽  
J. T. C. Grotenhuis ◽  
J. W. van Groenestijn
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Soil Fungus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Substrate Interactions ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Xylene Isomers ◽  
Alkylated Benzenes ◽  
Model Water

ABSTRACT The soil fungus Cladophialophora sp. strain T1 (= ATCC MYA-2335) was capable of growth on a model water-soluble fraction of gasoline that contained all six BTEX components (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the xylene isomers). Benzene was not metabolized, but the alkylated benzenes (toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) were degraded by a combination of assimilation and cometabolism. Toluene and ethylbenzene were used as sources of carbon and energy, whereas the xylenes were cometabolized to different extents. o-Xylene and m-xylene were converted to phthalates as end metabolites; p-xylene was not degraded in complex BTEX mixtures but, in combination with toluene, appeared to be mineralized. The metabolic profiles and the inhibitory nature of the substrate interactions indicated that toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene were degraded at the side chain by the same monooxygenase enzyme. Our findings suggest that soil fungi could contribute significantly to bioremediation of BTEX pollution.

Water-soluble lysine-containing polypeptides. IV. The synthesis, characterization,and circular dichroism spectra of sequential polypeptides formed from dipeptides of lysine and amino acids of increasing side chain size

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (24) ◽  
pp. 4257-4266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis A. Slotin ◽  
Denis R. Lauren ◽  
Ross E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Circular Dichroism Spectra ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm

Several polypeptides have been synthesized which contain the alternating sequence lysyl-X, where X = gly, L-ala, D-ala, L-val, L-leu, and L-phe. The polypeptides have been characterized by gel filtration (molecular weight) and by circular dichroism spectroscopy (secondary structure).

Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of Novel Side Chain Modified Antimalarial Agents Derived from 4-Aminoquinoline

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Solomon ◽  
W. Haq ◽  
M. Smilkstein ◽  
Kumkum Srivastava ◽  
S. Rajakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Antimalarial Agents
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