scholarly journals Hydrophobic Effect as a Driving Force for Host–Guest Chemistry of a Multi-Receptor Keplerate-Type Capsule

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (17) ◽  
pp. 5845-5851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Watfa ◽  
Dolores Melgar ◽  
Mohamed Haouas ◽  
Francis Taulelle ◽  
Akram Hijazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Guest Chemistry

scholarly journals Quantitative theory of hydrophobic effect as a driving force of protein structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Perunov ◽  
Jeremy L. England
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Quantitative Theory

The hydrophobic effect as a driving force for charge inversion in colloids

Soft Matter ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Martín-Molina ◽  
Carles Calero ◽  
Jordi Faraudo ◽  
Manuel Quesada-Pérez ◽  
Alex Travesset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Charge Inversion

The Hydrophobic Effect as a Driving Force in the Self-Assembly of a [2×2] Copper(I) Grid

2004 ◽  
Vol 116 (48) ◽  
pp. 6892-6895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Nitschke ◽  
Marie Hutin ◽  
Gérald Bernardinelli
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
The Self

The Hydrophobic Effect as a Driving Force in the Self-Assembly of a [2×2] Copper(I) Grid

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (48) ◽  
pp. 6724-6727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan R. Nitschke ◽  
Marie Hutin ◽  
Gérald Bernardinelli
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
The Self

scholarly journals Water-soluble host–guest complexes between fullerenes and a sugar-functionalized tribenzotriquinacene assembling to microspheres

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 2551-2561
Author(s):  
Si-Yuan Liu ◽  
Xin-Rui Wang ◽  
Man-Ping Li ◽  
Wen-Rong Xu ◽  
Dietmar Kuck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Binding Constants ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Guest Complex ◽  
Host Guest Complex ◽  
Scanning Electron

A sugar-functionalized water-soluble tribenzotriquinacene derivative bearing six glucose residues, TBTQ-(OG) 6 , was synthesized and its interaction with C60 and C70-fullerene in co-organic solvents and aqueous solution was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The association stoichiometry of the complexes TBTQ-(OG) 6 with C60 and TBTQ-(OG) 6 with C70 was found to be 1:1 with binding constants of K a = (1.50 ± 0.10) × 105 M−1 and K a = (2.20 ± 0.16) × 105 M−1, respectively. The binding affinity between TBTQ-(OG) 6 and C60 was further verified by Raman spectroscopy. The geometry of the complex of TBTQ-(OG) 6 with C60 deduced from DFT calculations indicates that the driving force of the complexation is mainly due to the hydrophobic effect and to host–guest π–π interactions. Hydrophobic surface simulations showed that TBTQ-(OG) 6 and C60 forms an amphiphilic supramolecular host–guest complex, which further assembles to microspheres with diameters of 0.3–3.5 μm, as determined by scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Water-soluble host-guest complexes between fullerenes and a sugar-functionalized tribenzotriquinacene assembling to microspheres

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Yuan Liu ◽  
Xin-Rui Wang ◽  
Man-Ping Li ◽  
Wen-Rong Xu ◽  
Dietmar Kuck
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Binding Constants ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Guest Complex ◽  
Host Guest Complex ◽  
Scanning Electron

A sugar-functionalized water-soluble tribenzotriquinacene derivative bearing six glucose residues, TBTQ-(OG) 6 , was synthesized and its interaction with C60- and C70-fullerene in co-organic solvents and aqueous solution was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The association stoichiometry of TBTQ-(OG) 6 ⊂ C60 and TBTQ-(OG) 6 ⊂ C70 was found to be 1 : 1 with binding constants of K a = 3.7 × 104 M–1 and K a = 8.5 × 104 M–1, respectively. The binding affinity between TBTQ-(OG) 6 and C60 was further verified by Raman spectroscopy. The geometry of TBTQ-(OG) 6 ⊂ C60 deduced from DFT calculations indicates that the driving force of the complexation is mainly due to the hydrophobic effect and to host-guest π-π interactions. Hydrophobic surface simulations showed that TBTQ-(OG) 6 ⊂ C60 forms an amphiphilic supramolecular host-guest complex, which further assembles to microspheres with diameters of 0.3–3.5 μm, as determined by scanning electron microscopy.

In situ TEM Studies of agglomeration of sub-nanometer Ru layers in Ru/C multilayers

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
Tai D. Nguyen ◽  
Ronald Gronsky ◽  
Jeffrey B. Kortright
Keyword(s):  
Layered Structure ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
In Situ Tem ◽  
Rayleigh Instability ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Nanometer period Ru/C multilayers are one of the prime candidates for normal incident reflecting mirrors at wavelengths < 10 nm. Superior performance, which requires uniform layers and smooth interfaces, and high stability of the layered structure under thermal loadings are some of the demands in practical applications. Previous studies however show that the Ru layers in the 2 nm period Ru/C multilayer agglomerate upon moderate annealing, and the layered structure is no longer retained. This agglomeration and crystallization of the Ru layers upon annealing to form almost spherical crystallites is a result of the reduction of surface or interfacial energy from die amorphous high energy non-equilibrium state of the as-prepared sample dirough diffusive arrangements of the atoms. Proposed models for mechanism of thin film agglomeration include one analogous to Rayleigh instability, and grain boundary grooving in polycrystalline films. These models however are not necessarily appropriate to explain for the agglomeration in the sub-nanometer amorphous Ru layers in Ru/C multilayers. The Ru-C phase diagram shows a wide miscible gap, which indicates the preference of phase separation between these two materials and provides an additional driving force for agglomeration. In this paper, we study the evolution of the microstructures and layered structure via in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and attempt to determine the order of occurence of agglomeration and crystallization in the Ru layers by observing the diffraction patterns.

The nucleation of cavities at grain boundaries

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 288-291
Author(s):  
P. J. Goodhew
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Impurity Concentration ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Cavity Nucleation ◽  
Spherical Bubble

Cavity nucleation and growth at grain and phase boundaries is of concern because it can lead to failure during creep and can lead to embrittlement as a result of radiation damage. Two major types of cavity are usually distinguished: The term bubble is applied to a cavity which contains gas at a pressure which is at least sufficient to support the surface tension (2g/r for a spherical bubble of radius r and surface energy g). The term void is generally applied to any cavity which contains less gas than this, but is not necessarily empty of gas. A void would therefore tend to shrink in the absence of any imposed driving force for growth, whereas a bubble would be stable or would tend to grow. It is widely considered that cavity nucleation always requires the presence of one or more gas atoms. However since it is extremely difficult to prepare experimental materials with a gas impurity concentration lower than their eventual cavity concentration there is little to be gained by debating this point.

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