Steric Effects in Elimination Reactions. X. Steric Strains as a Factor in Controlling the Direction of Bimolecular Eliminations. The Hofmann Rule as a Manifestation of Steric Strain

1956 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2203-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Brown ◽  
I. Moritani
Keyword(s):  
Steric Effects ◽  
Steric Strain ◽  
Elimination Reactions

Elimination reactions. V. Steric effects in Hofmann elimination

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (15) ◽  
pp. 4323-4327 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Coke ◽  
G. Dale Smith ◽  
George H. Britton
Keyword(s):  
Steric Effects ◽  
Elimination Reactions ◽  
Hofmann Elimination

scholarly journals Base Promoted Intumescence of Phenols

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ji ◽  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Weihong Cao ◽  
Yueying Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Steric Effects ◽  
Homolytic Cleavage ◽  
Strong Electron ◽  
Elimination Reactions ◽  
Electron Withdrawing Group ◽  
Hydrogen Radical ◽  
Weak Electron ◽  
Electronic And Steric Effects

The intumescent process of sodium (substituted) phenolates has been studied. The generation of hydrogen radical via a homolytic cleavage of the Ar–H bond and the subsequent hydroarylation of phenolates to cyclohexadienes along with cyclization and elimination reactions of cyclohexadienes are critical steps in the base promoted intumescence of phenols. The substituents show great influence on the intumescence of phenolates. Phenolates substituted with a weak electron donating group enable intumescence while those with an electron withdrawing group or strong electron donating group suppresses intumescence. This distinction can be justified by both electronic and steric effects of substituents on the generation of hydrogen radical and the degree of hydroarylation.

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