TERNARY SYSTEMS. XV. POTASSIUM IODATE, POTASSIUM NITRATE AND WATER. XVI. CALCIUM IODATE, SODIUM IODATE AND WATER

1931 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 4316-4320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Hill ◽  
Stanley F. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Sodium Iodate

scholarly journals Extractive crystallization of salts in the ternary systems sodium (potassium, cesium) nitrate – water – triethylamine

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Veronika V. Danilina ◽  
◽  
Dmitry I. Chernov ◽  
Dmitry G. Cherkasov ◽  
Konstantin K. Il’in ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Cesium Nitrate ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Metal Nitrates ◽  
Amine Content ◽  
Water Salt

A comparative analysis of the results of our polythermal study of the ternary systems sodium (potassium, cesium) nitrate – water – triethylamine has been carried out to estimate the efficiency of the use of triethylamine in the extractive crystallization of alkali metal nitrates from water–salt solutions containing 43.0, 44.0, 45.0, 46.0, and 47.0 wt. % sodium nitrate in the range of 10.0–25.0°C, 20.0, 21.0, and 22.0 wt.% potassium nitrate and 18.0, 19.0, 20.0 and 21.0 wt. % cesium nitrate in the range of 20.0–25.0°C. The dependences of the yield of these salts on the amount of triethylamine added and temperature have been found. It has been established that the maximum yield of sodium nitrate (79.4%) is observed for the aqueous solution with 47 wt.% salt upon the introduction of 90 wt.% triethylamine at 25.0° C. The maximum yield in the systems potassium (cesium) nitrate – water – triethylamine was 68.9% (22 wt. % potassium nitrate solution) and 66.2% (21 wt. % cesium nitrate solution) at 20.0° C and 90 wt. % amine content.

TERNARY SYSTEMS. IX. SODIUM IODATE, SODIUM NITRATE AND WATER

1931 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur E. Hill ◽  
John E. Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrate ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Sodium Iodate

scholarly journals Salting-in–salting-out effect of potassium salts on the binary liquid water + n-butoxyethanol system with a closed delamination region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Maksim P. Smotrov ◽  
◽  
Dmitry G. Cherkasov ◽  
Konstantin K. Il'in ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Potassium Perchlorate ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Binary Liquid

The work is devoted to the comparative characteristics of the salting-in –salting-out effect of potassium formate, nitrate and perchlorate on the binary liquid water + n-butoxyethanol system with a closed delamination region in a temperature range of 10–150°C. The introduction of potassium formate or potassium nitrate into the mixtures of the critical composition of the binary water + n-butoxyethanol system leads to a decrease in the LCST (lower critical solution temperature) and an increase in the UCST (upper critical solution temperature) of this system, while the addition of potassium perchlorate leads to an increase in the LCST and a decrease in the UCST. For three ternary systems potassium salt + water + n-butoxyethanol, the distribution coefficients of n-butoxyethanol between the aqueous and organic phases of the monotectic state were calculated for several temperatures. It has been found that the distribution coefficient increases with temperature in each system. It has been established that potassium formate and potassium nitrate have a salting-out effect, the former having a particularly strong one. Potassium perchlorate at low concentrations and relatively low temperatures is characterized by a salting-in effect, which turns into a weak salting-out effect at higher temperatures. The results obtained can be used to develop practical recommendations for carrying out selective extraction of organic solvents and extractive crystallization of salts.

Morphological Observations on the Granule Types in Rabbit Extra-Adrenal Chromaffin Cells.

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Robert D. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Perfusion Fluid ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin

Extra-adrenal chromaffin organs (abdominal paraganglia) constitute rich sources of catecholamines. It is believed that these bodies contain norepinephrine exclusively. However, the present workers recently observed epinephrine type granules in para- ganglion cells. This report investigates catecholamine containing granules in rabbit paraganglia at the ultrastructural level.New Zealand white rabbits (150-170 grams) were anesthetized with 50 mg/kg Nembutal (IP) and perfused with 3% glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.2M sodium phosphate, pH 7.3. The retroperitoneal tissue blocks were removed and placed in perfusion fluid for 4 hours. The abdominal paraganglia were dissected from the blocks, diced, washed in phosphate buffer and fixed in 1% osmic acid buffered with phosphate. In other animals, the glutaraldehyde perfused tissue blocks were immersed for 1 hour in 3% glutaraldehyde/2.5% potassium iodate buffered as before. The paraganglia were then diced, separated into two vials and washed in the buffer. A portion of this tissue received osmic acid fixation.

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