Ternary Systems. VIII. Potassium Iodate, Iodic Acid and Water

1947 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2285-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sterling B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Iodic Acid

THE CHEMISTRY OF THE "AMINOCHROMES": PART III. ON THE STRUCTURES OF "IODOÖXOADRENOCHROME" AND IODOEPINOCHROME

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Heacock ◽  
B. D. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Atom ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Iodic Acid ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A substance prepared by the oxidation of adrenaline with iodic acid and described in the literature as 2-idoöxoadrenochrome appears, after consideration of a number of its physical and chemical properties to be identical with 2-iodoadrenochrome. The iodine atom in iodoepinochrome, obtained by the oxidation of epinine with potassium iodate, has been shown to be in the 2-position of the heterocyclic ring in the molecule.

Thermal diffusion of weak electrolytes: aqueous phosphoric and iodic acids

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1317-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lü Hui ◽  
Derek G. Leaist
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Thermal Diffusion ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Iodic Acid ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Weak Electrolytes ◽  
Enthalpy Of Transport

Soret coefficients of aqueous phosphoric acid and aqueous iodic acid are determined conductimetrically at 25 °C. As the molality of phosphoric acid drops from 0.05 toward 0.00 mol kg−1, the enthalpy of transport jumps from 2 to 15 kJ mol−1. For iodic acid, a stronger electrolyte, the corresponding increase is smaller, from 12 to 17 kJ mol−1. Equations are developed for the enthalpy of transport of 1:1 weak electrolytes. The equations are used to evaluate the reactive enthalpy of transport and the intrinsic enthalpies of transport of the ionized and molecular forms of phosphoric and iodic acids. Equating the enthalpies of transport of the acid molecules and the acid anions provides estimates of single-ion enthalpies of transport. Thermal diffusion measurements are reported for potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium iodate to help interpret the results. Keywords: thermal diffusion, enthalpy of transport, Soret coefficients, weak electrolytes, phosphoric acid, iodic acid.

Morphological Observations on the Granule Types in Rabbit Extra-Adrenal Chromaffin Cells.

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Robert D. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Perfusion Fluid ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin

Extra-adrenal chromaffin organs (abdominal paraganglia) constitute rich sources of catecholamines. It is believed that these bodies contain norepinephrine exclusively. However, the present workers recently observed epinephrine type granules in para- ganglion cells. This report investigates catecholamine containing granules in rabbit paraganglia at the ultrastructural level.New Zealand white rabbits (150-170 grams) were anesthetized with 50 mg/kg Nembutal (IP) and perfused with 3% glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.2M sodium phosphate, pH 7.3. The retroperitoneal tissue blocks were removed and placed in perfusion fluid for 4 hours. The abdominal paraganglia were dissected from the blocks, diced, washed in phosphate buffer and fixed in 1% osmic acid buffered with phosphate. In other animals, the glutaraldehyde perfused tissue blocks were immersed for 1 hour in 3% glutaraldehyde/2.5% potassium iodate buffered as before. The paraganglia were then diced, separated into two vials and washed in the buffer. A portion of this tissue received osmic acid fixation.

Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Iwan ◽  
Jan Stepniak ◽  
Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

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