Surface Tension at Elevated Temperatures. III. Effect of Cr, In, Sn and Ti on Liquid Nickel Surface Tension and Interfacial Energy with Al2O3

1956 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 961-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Kurkjian ◽  
W. D. Kingery
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Interfacial Energy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Nickel Surface ◽  
Liquid Nickel

The surface tension of liquid nickel-silicon alloys

1965 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Vasiliu ◽  
V. N. Eremenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Liquid Nickel ◽  
Silicon Alloys ◽  
Nickel Silicon

The Density, Surface Tension and Viscosity of Deuterium Oxide at Elevated Temperatures

1954 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 488-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Heiks ◽  
M. K. Barnett ◽  
L. V. Jones ◽  
E. Orban
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Density Surface

scholarly journals Surface tension of liquid nickel: Re-evaluated and revised data

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNA WERKOVITS ◽  
THOMAS LEITNER ◽  
GERNOT POTTLACHER
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Electromagnetic Levitation ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Liquid Nickel ◽  
Surface Tension Data ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Results ◽  
Elevated Surface

Nickel is an important component in many alloys, so reliable surface tension data in the liquid phase are essential for simulation processes in the metal industry. First results for surface tension of liquid nickel from our working group by Aziz et al. [1], which led to the first publication on the topic of our Electromagnetic Levitation (EML) setup, delivered unusual high values compared to the literature, which itself covers a wide range. To find the reason for this behaviour the aim of this work was to investigate the surface tension of nickel samples from different suppliers at similar purity grades by the Oscillating Drop (OD) technique using the EML setup of the Thermophysics and Metalphysics Group at Graz University of Technology. Since no significant deviations between samples from different suppliers have been found, an extensive literature research according to various experimental and evaluation parameters has been performed. In the course of this investigation, the earlier obtained experimental data of Aziz et al. were re-evaluated. Due to gained awareness in evaluating the translational frequency in vertical direction, the mystery of these elevated surface tension results could be solved, so that in the end the originally obtained results of Aziz have been drastically decreased through re-evaluation.

Microscopic Observations of SOFC Anodes Under Operation With Hydrocarbon Fuels

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Kawada ◽  
Keiji Yashiro ◽  
Tomoaki Taura ◽  
Kenichiro Takeda ◽  
Atsushi Kaimai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Deposition ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Nickel Surface ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Grid Electrode ◽  
Laser Raman

Carbon deposition on a SOFC anode was investigated under direct hydrocarbon fueling condition. Microscopic behaviors were observed with a newly designed sample holder that enabled in-situ observation of an electrode in operation under controlled atmosphere at elevated temperatures. The preferential carbon deposition site, the structure of the deposited carbon, and the chemical or electrochemical re-oxidation processes were investigated with an optical microscope combined with a laser Raman microscope. Color and morphology change of the electrode surface was recorded with a CCD camera, and the deposited materials were identified with a laser Raman microscope. A nickel micro grid was used as a model electrode of a well-defined microstructure. When the cell was kept at an open circuit condition in methane, carbon started to deposit on the surface of Ni grid electrode. The deposition of carbon was clearly observed as the change in the reflection on the nickel surface by optical microscope as well as by the appearance of the specific peak at ∼ 1560 cm−1 in Raman spectroscopy. The deposited carbon was in the form of graphite on the nickel grid electrode. The carbon coverage on the surface was not uniform but varied from grain to grain. When a certain anodic overpotential (e.g. 200 mV) was applied to the electrode, the carbon disappeared gradually from the edge of the electrode i.e. from the electrode/electrolyte boundary where oxygen was supplied electrochemically. It is the first in-situ observation of the electrochemical carbon oxidation in a real operation condition.

scholarly journals Modeling equations to predict the mixing behaviours of Al−Fe liquid alloy at different temperatures

BIBECHANA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
S K Yadav ◽  
L N Jha ◽  
D Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Liquid Alloy ◽  
Surface Segregation ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Free Energy Of Mixing

Redlich−Kister (R−K) polynomials have been associated with the extended regular associated solution model to predict and explain the thermodynamic properties and structural properties of Al−Fe liquid alloy at 1873 K, 1973 K, 2073 K and  2173 K; 1873 K being its melting temperature. The thermodynamic properties, such as free energy of mixing and activities of free monomers ( and ) and structural properties, such as concentration fluctuation in long wave length limit, chemical short range order parameter and ratio of diffusion coefficients ( have been predicted at above stated temperatures. Renovated Butler model has been employed to predict the surface tension and surface segregation of the alloy at stated temperatures with the help of thermodynamic properties. Theoretical findings prevail that the tendency towards compound formation of the liquid alloy decreases with increase in its temperature beyond melting temperature. Eventually, its surface tension decreases and there is gradual exchange of atoms between the surface and bulk regions to maintain equilibrium at elevated temperatures. The liquid alloy under investigation thus shows ideal behaviours at higher temperatures. BIBECHANA 15 (2018) 60-69

Influence of the Blend Viscosity and Interface Energies on the Preferential Location of CB and Conductivity of BR/EPDM Blends

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigoberto Ibarra-Gómez ◽  
Alfredo Márquez ◽  
Luis F. Ramos-de Valle ◽  
Oliverio S. Rodríguez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Loss Tangent ◽  
Interfacial Energy ◽  
Dispersion Effect ◽  
Bound Rubber ◽  
Percolation Effect ◽  
Preferential Location ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Double Percolation

Abstract In the present work, the effect of distribution of Carbon Black (CB) and rubber viscosity over the conductivity of rubber blend composites was studied. Preferential location of CB predicted by surface tension measurements and calculation of interfacial energy (wetting coefficient) was corroborated by dynamic analysis (DMA) as well as bound rubber experiments. In this respect, the employment of the DMA technique to infer preferential distribution of CB, through the following of changes in the loss tangent (Tan δ), were proposed and successfully assessed in this study. A double percolation effect was evidenced by the appearance of a maximum in conductivity at relatively low EPDM content and CB concentration; however, when blend viscosity increases due to the addition of EPDM (the most viscous rubber), the double percolation effect is suppressed and the conductivity falls due to the prevailing dispersion effect of CB particles. According to these results, the blend viscosity was found to play a major role in the final conductivity of the studied composites.

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