Vaporization kinetics of solid and liquid silver, sodium chloride, potassium bromide, cesium iodide, and lithium fluoride

1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (19) ◽  
pp. 2007-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curtis T. Ewing ◽  
Kurt H. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Lithium Fluoride ◽  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Cesium Iodide ◽  
Liquid Silver ◽  
Kinetics Of

Effect of Minor Additives on First Stage Graphitisation in White Cast Iron

1984 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Roy ◽  
A. K. Chakrabart ◽  
P. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
White Iron ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Strength And Ductility

ABSTRACTMinor additions (0.05-0.2 wt.%) of sodium chloride, hexachloroethane and elemental sulphur to commercial white iron melts have been found to enhance the kinetics of first stage graphitisation during subsequent annealing of white iron samples. The optimum dose of sodium chloride and hexachloroethane addition is around 0.1%. Yield strength and ductility of annealed test bars treated with NaCl or C2Cl6 compare favourably with those of untreated test bars. Sulphur treatment causes slight deterioration in mechanical properties. Fully grown nodules in both treated and untreated samples appear porous under SEM. Possible mechanisms of acceleration of graphitisation in the treated samples have been suggested.

Condensation energies for metals on glass and other substrates

1959 ◽  
Vol 252 (1270) ◽  
pp. 418-430 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Van Der Waals ◽  
Van Der Waals Forces ◽  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Adhesive Energy ◽  
Good Agreement

Earlier work on condensation phenomena is briefly reviewed, and existing measurements of condensation energies are summarized. Measurements of condensation energies have been made for aluminium, silver and cadmium on glass and for aluminium and silver on single-crystal cleavage surfaces of sodium chloride and potassium bromide. Adhesive energies or binding energies between film and substrate have been calculated in each case. Association energies for nucleation are obtained by difference and shown to be consistent. Results for cadmium show good agreement with earlier work, but results for aluminium do not agree with the earlier results of Rhodin who measured the condensation energies for aluminium on various substrates, obtaining values which suggest chemisorption. These results appear to be too high and a possible explanation is given. It is concluded that the adhesive energy is due to physical adsorption and can be explained in terms of van der Waals forces only.

The Kinetics of Calcium Formate Pyrolysis in Potassium Bromide Matrix1

1965 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Hartman ◽  
I. C. Hisatsune
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Calcium Formate ◽  
Kinetics Of

Modeling the Germination Kinetics of Clostridium botulinum 56A Spores as Affected by Temperature, pH, and Sodium Chloride†

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1071-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIOLA P. CHEA ◽  
YUHUAN CHEN ◽  
THOMAS J. MONTVILLE ◽  
DONALD W. SCHAFFNER
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Exponential Parameter ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Validation Experiments

The germination kinetics of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum 56A spores were modeled as a function of temperature (15, 22, 30°C), pH (5.5, 6.0, 6.5), and sodium chloride (0.5, 2.0, 4.0%). Germination in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth was followed with phase-contrast microscopy. Data collected were used to develop the mathematical models. The germination kinetics expressed as cumulated fraction of germinated spores over time at each environmental condition were best described by an exponential distribution. Quadratic polynomial models were developed by regression analysis to describe the exponential parameter (time to 63% germination) (r2 = 0.982) and the germination extent (r2 = 0.867) as a function of temperature, pH, and sodium chloride. Validation experiments in BHI broth (pH: 5.75, 6.25; NaCl: 1.0, 3.0%; temperature: 18, 26°C) confirmed that the model's predictions were within an acceptable range compared to the experimental results and were fail-safe in most cases.

Correction of acidosis in humans with CRF decreases protein degradation and amino acid oxidation

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. E230-E235 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Reaich ◽  
S. M. Channon ◽  
C. M. Scrimgeour ◽  
S. E. Daley ◽  
R. Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidation ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

The effect of correction of acidosis in chronic renal failure (CRF) was determined from the kinetics of infused L-[1-13C]leucine. Nine CRF patients were studied before (acid) and after two 4-wk treatment periods of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) (pH: acid 7.31 +/- 0.01, NaHCO3 7.38 +/- 0.01, NaCl 7.30 +/- 0.01). Leucine appearance from body protein (PD), leucine disappearance into body protein (PS) and leucine oxidation (O) decreased significantly with correction of acidosis (PD: acid 122.4 +/- 6.1, NaHCO3 88.3 +/- 6.9, NaCl 116.2 +/- 9.1 mumol.kg-1.h-1, acid vs. NaHCO3 P < 0.01, NaHCO3 vs. NaCl P < 0.01, acid vs. NaCl NS; PS: acid 109.4 +/- 5.6, NaHCO3 79.0 +/- 6.3, NaCl 101.3 +/- 7.7 mumol.kg-1.h-1, acid vs. NaHCO3 P < 0.01, NaHCO3 vs. NaCl P < 0.01, acid vs. NaCl NS; O: acid 13.0 +/- 1.2, NaHCO3 9.2 +/- 0.9, NaCl 15.0 +/- 1.9 mumol.kg-1.h-1, acid vs. NaHCO3 P < 0.05, NaHCO3 vs. NaCl P < 0.01, acid vs. NaCl NS). There were no significant changes in plasma amino acid concentrations. These results confirm that correction of acidosis in chronic renal failure removes a potential catabolic factor.

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