Sulfated Iron Oxide: A Proficient Catalyst for Esterification of Butanoic Acid with Glycerol

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 3285-3292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalpreet Kaur ◽  
Ravinder Kumar Wanchoo ◽  
Amrit Pal Toor
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
Sulfated Iron Oxide

Dehydration of Glycerol to Acrolein over Sulfated Iron Oxide Catalysts

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 988-993
Author(s):  
P. G. Mingalev ◽  
A. G. Aslanly ◽  
G. V. Lisichkin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Sulfated Iron Oxide

Esterification of oleic acid with glycerol in the presence of sulfated iron oxide catalyst

1996 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Guner ◽  
A. Sirkecioglu ◽  
S. Yilmaz ◽  
A. T. Erciyes ◽  
A. Erdem-Senatalar
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Iron Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Sulfated Iron Oxide

Sulfated metal oxides: eco-friendly green catalysts for esterification of nonanoic acid with methanol

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalpreet Kaur ◽  
Pranjal Jain ◽  
Amit Sobti ◽  
Amrit Pal Toor
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Nonanoic Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Sulfated Iron Oxide

AbstractConsidering the need of applicability of green chemistry in research, a series of heterogeneous catalysts, viz., sulfated iron oxide, zirconia supported tungstophosphoric acid and sulfated zirconia have been synthesized by a solvent-free method. The prepared catalysts were used in the esterification of nonanoic acid with methanol and were compared with ion exchange resins for the assessment of their catalytic performance. Sulfated iron oxide was found to be best with an acid conversion of 83%, which is quite comparable with Amberlyst 15 and Dowex50Wx2. The high catalyst loading, cost, low thermal stability, and long reaction time make ion exchange resins uneconomical to use over other alternatives that result in same efficiency with low cost. Sulfated iron oxide was further optimized for its preparation conditions for high catalytic performance in the esterification reaction. The catalysts were characterized for their crystallinity, surface morphology, composition, weight loss, and structure by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The evaluated catalysts were compared on the basis of their preparation time, catalytic performance, catalyst loading, reaction time, and overall cost.

TEM observation of iron oxide pillars in montmorillonite

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 882-883
Author(s):  
H. Mori ◽  
Y. Murata ◽  
H. Yoneyama ◽  
H. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Nano Composites ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonite ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Transmission Electron

Recently, a new sort of nano-composites has been prepared by incorporating such fine particles as metal oxide microcrystallites and organic polymers into the interlayer space of montmorillonite. Owing to their extremely large specific surface area, the nano-composites are finding wide application[1∼3]. However, the topographic features of the microstructures have not been elucidated as yet In the present work, the microstructures of iron oxide-pillared montmorillonite have been investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.Iron oxide-pillared montmorillonite was prepared through the procedure essentially the same as that reported by Yamanaka et al. Firstly, 0.125 M aqueous solution of trinuclear acetato-hydroxo iron(III) nitrate, [Fe3(OCOCH3)7 OH.2H2O]NO3, was prepared and then the solution was mixed with an aqueous suspension of 1 wt% clay by continuously stirring at 308 K. The final volume ratio of the latter aqueous solution to the former was 0.4. The clay used was sodium montmorillonite (Kunimine Industrial Co.), having a cation exchange capacity of 100 mequiv/100g. The montmorillonite in the mixed suspension was then centrifuged, followed by washing with deionized water. The washed samples were spread on glass plates, air dried, and then annealed at 673 K for 72 ks in air. The resultant film products were approximately 20 μm in thickness and brown in color.

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