Carbon Blacks:Comparison of a Fully Reinforcing Furnace Black and Easy Processing Channel Black

1949 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
C. A. Stokes ◽  
E. M. Dannenberg
Keyword(s):  
Furnace Black ◽  
Processing Channel

The influence of oxidized technical carbon N121 on the properties of butyl-based rubbers

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
M. N. Nagornaya ◽  
A. V. Myshliavtsev ◽  
S. Ya. Khodakova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Active Forms Of Oxygen ◽  
Technical Carbon ◽  
Furnace Black ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the study were samples of channel technical carbon K354, furnace technical carbon N121 and experimental – based on TUN121, oxidized with active forms of oxygen. Samples of carbon black were studied in the composition of a rubber mixture based on BK 1675N butyl rubber. The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of using oxidized technical carbon N121 in fillers of rubber based on butyl rubber, instead of carbon black K354. The physicochemical properties of the samples of technical carbon under study, the results of physical and mechanical tests, and the gas permeability tests of rubber mixtures filled with the samples under study are presented. A conclusion is made about the possibility of replacing channel technical carbon K354 with furnace black carbon N121 oxidized with 30% hydrogen peroxide.

A Fourier Transform Infrared Method of Studying Elastomers Filled with Carbon Black

1977 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Hart ◽  
P. C. Painter ◽  
J. L. Koenig ◽  
M. M. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Furnace Black ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Infrared Method ◽  
Principal Method ◽  
Transmission And Reflection

Infrared spectra have been obtained of carbon black filled polybutadiene using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Transmission and reflection techniques were employed. Polybutadiene was compounded with three fillers: Silene, general purpose furnace black, and Austin black. Subtle changes were observed in the vibrations of polybutadiene upon the addition of fillers. Transmission sampling through dilution with KBr gave better spectra than attenuated total reflection techniques in ease of data acquisition, and was therefore chosen as the principal method for further studies.

Improving the Effectiveness of Using Porous Furnace Black by Bulk Electric Heating

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-40
Author(s):  
S. Ya. Khodakova ◽  
V. N. Anikeev ◽  
Yu. N. Nikitin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Heating ◽  
Furnace Black

Immobilization of Elastomers at the Carbon Black Particle Surface

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sircar ◽  
A. Voet
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Carbon Black Particle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Furnace Black ◽  
Bound Rubber ◽  
Black Surface ◽  
Black Particle

Abstract Determinations have been made of the amount of elastomer unextractable from unvulcanized masticated mixes with carbon black by a given solvent at boil, expressed as immobilized elastomer. Saturated and unsaturated elastomers varying in molecular weights from 2000 to 325,000, were used, while solvents of greatly differing boiling points and solvent power were employed. It could be shown that the bonding between elastomers and carbon black is not a simple adsorption, but involves a higher energy interaction, defined as chemisorption. At successively higher temperatures elastomer is increasingly removed from the carbon black surface. The temperature Tm, obtained by extrapolation of the linear relationship between amounts immobilized and temperature of extraction, represents the temperature theoretically required to eliminate all bonds between carbon black and elastomer and is therefore indicative of the bond strength. Data suggest the existence of a bonding energy spectrum. Upon graphitization, blacks show a considerable decline in high energy bonding ability for elastomers. Saturated elastomers show less bonding than unsaturated elastomers with the same furnace black. “Bound rubber” represents the sum total of physically adsorbed, mechanically entangled, and chemisorbed elastomer. The actual values are greatly dependent upon the procedure used. “Immobilized rubber”, indicating chemisorbed elastomer, is easily determined, is not influenced by the method, and is more significant as an indicator of reinforcement.

PHYSICAL ADSORPTION STUDIES IN CARBON BLACK TECHNOLOGY

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Polley ◽  
W. D. Schaeffer ◽  
W. R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Chemisorbed Oxygen ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Furnace Black ◽  
Cyclic Heat ◽  
Black Surface

The adsorption isotherms of n-butane and butene-1 on typical furnace and channel carbon blacks were determined over a range of temperatures, 55°–250 °C. The adsorption of n-butane on carbon black surfaces is attributed to physical adsorption; however, the extent of surface covered per unit area of carbon black is considerably greater at a given temperature than for a silica. Butene-1 is also physically adsorbed on the furnace blacks. The presence of approximately 3% chemisorbed oxygen on the surface of the channel blacks induces an isomerization of butene-1 to cis-butene-2. When oxygen is first chemisorbed on a furnace black surface, then that surface also interacts with butene-1. Those blacks which participate in the isomerization of butene-1 respond or "interact" in a cyclic heat treated Butyl rubber – carbon black masterbatch.

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