scholarly journals Correction: Relationship of Hydrogen-Ion Concentration of Natural Waters to Carbon Dioxide Content

1920 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1214-1214
Author(s):  
E. Greenfield
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Content ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Relationship Of

The Hydrogen-Ion Concentration of Natural Waters I. The Relation of pH to the Pressure of Carbon Dioxide

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-72
Author(s):  
J. T. SAUNDERS
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Slow Rate ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Normal Concentration ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Hasselbalch Equation

1. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is shown to be entirely applicable to natural waters. 2. The value of pK1' is dependent on the normal concentration of the metallic kations present in the solution, including those derived from any neutral salts. The relation between pK1' and this concentration can be represented by a straight line for concentrations up to 1.0 normal. The equation which expresses this relation is pK1' = 6.52 - 0.53 3√c,where c is the normal concentration of metallic kations. 3. Methods for measuring accurately the pH by colorimetric methods are given. From the pH thus measured the pressure of carbon dioxide with which the solution is in equilibrium can be calculated with great accuracy. 4. By combining the results obtained the pH (corrected, if necessary for salt error by the curve on p. 56) of a solution of bicarbonates of normal concentration (Bik) as determined by the method described on p. 51, is related to the pressure of CO2 in mm. Hg (pCO2 with which the solution is in equilibrium by the equation pH = 10.70 - 0.53 8√c + log Bik/pCO2. 5. Bicarbonates are transformed into carbonates at a very slow rate when the pressure of carbon dioxide in the solution is reduced. The slow rate at which this process occurs accounts for many natural waters having larger amounts of calcium and magnesium bicarbonates held in solution than can be accounted for by the pressure of carbon dioxide with which the solution is in equilibrium.

scholarly journals REGULATION OF THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION AND ITS RELATION TO METABOLISM AND RESPIRATION IN THE STARFISH

1926 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Irving
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Vital Function ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Patiria Miniata

The normal reaction of the cœlomic fluid in Patiria miniata and Asterias ochraceus is pH 7.6, and of the cæca, 6.7, compared with sea water at 8.3, all without salt error correction. A medium at pH 6.7–7.0 is optimum for the cæca for ciliary survival and digestion of protein, and is maintained by carbon dioxide production. The optimum pH found for carbon dioxide production is a true one for the effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the tissue. It does not represent an elimination gradient for carbon dioxide. Because the normal excised cæca maintain a definite hydrogen ion concentration and change their internal environment toward that as an optimum during life, there exists a regulatory process which is an important vital function.

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