Online Inferential Measurement of Conversion and Molar Mass in Emulsion Polymerization Controlled by Chain Transfer

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1490-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Tjiam ◽  
Vincent G. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Inferential Measurement

scholarly journals A Roadmap towards Successful Nanocapsule Synthesis via Vesicle Templated RAFT-Based Emulsion Polymerization

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Rusli ◽  
Alexander Jackson ◽  
Alexander van Herk
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
Reversible Addition

Vesicle templated emulsion polymerization is a special form of emulsion polymerization where the polymer is grown from the outside of the vesicle, leading to nanocapsules. Cost effective nanocapsules synthesis is in high demand due to phasing out of older methods for capsule synthesis. Although the first indications of this route being successful were published some 10 years ago, until now a thorough understanding of the parameters controlling the morphologies resulting from the template emulsion polymerization was lacking. Most often a mixture of different morphologies was obtained, ranging from solid particles to pro-trusion structures to nanocapsules. A high yield of nanocapsules was not achieved until now. In this paper, the influence of initial vesicle dispersion, choice of the Reversible Addition-Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) species and oligomer, monomer and crosslinker have been investigated. It turns out that good initial vesicle dispersion, molecular control of the RAFT process, a not too hydrophobic monomer and some crosslinking is needed to result in high yield of nanocapsules. In previous work, the level of RAFT control was often suboptimal and not properly verified and although nanocapsules were shown, other morphologies were also present. We now believe we have a full understanding of vesicle templated nanocapsules synthesis, relevant to many applications.

Toughening of an epoxy thermoset with poly[styrene-alt-(maleic acid)]-block-polystyrene-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate) reactive core–shell particles

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (42) ◽  
pp. 35621-35627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren He ◽  
Xiaoli Zhan ◽  
Qinghua Zhang ◽  
Fengqiu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Raft Agent ◽  
Shell Particles

Reactive core–shell particles for epoxy toughening were synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer emulsion polymerization mediated by an amphiphilic macro-RAFT agent followed by core-crosslinking to increase stability.

scholarly journals Visible Light-Controlled Living Cationic Polymerization of Methoxystyrene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shaodong Zhang ◽  
Yongfeng Zhou ◽  
Yupo Xu ◽  
Quan Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Living Cationic Polymerization ◽  
Green Led ◽  
Polymerization System ◽  
Lytic System

Photo-controlled living polymerization has received great attention in recent years. However, despite the great success therein, the report on photo-controlled living cationic polymerization has been greatly limited. We demonstrate here a novel decolorable, metal-free and visible light-controlled living cationic polymerization system by using tris(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylium tetrafluoroborate as the photocatalyst and phosphate as the chain transfer agent (CTA) for polymerization of 4-methoxystyrene. This polymerization reaction under green LED light irradiation shows clear living characteristics including predictable molar mass, narrow molar-mass dispersity (Đ = 1.25), and sequential polymerization capability. In addition, the photocata-lytic system exits excellent “on-off” photo switchability and shows the longest “off period” of 36 h up to now for photo-controlled cationic polymerization. Furthermore, the residual photo-catalyst is easily deactivated and decolored with addition of a base after the polymerization.

Chain-transfer-dependent termination in emulsion polymerization

2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart G. Manders ◽  
Bradley R. Morrison ◽  
Rainer Klostermann
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Chain Transfer

scholarly journals Emulsion Polymerization of Chloroprene: Study of Branching and Chain Transfer Reaction by Kinetic Analysis of Gelation.

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 743-749
Author(s):  
Kenji ITOYAMA ◽  
Yasuaki DENDA ◽  
Nobuhiro HIRASHIMA ◽  
Shiro MATSUNAGA
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Transfer Reaction ◽  
Chain Transfer ◽  
Chain Transfer Reaction
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